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Basic Sentence Structure in The English Language

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10 views6 pages

Basic Sentence Structure in The English Language

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TAESOO SHIN
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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BASIC SENTENCE STRUCTURE IN THE ENGLISH

LANGUAGE
Types of words that are used to make sentences:

1. NOUN – a person, place or thing


Singular exapmles (one): brother, home, sock, mouse

Plural example (more than one): brothers, homes, socks, mice

2. VERB – an action
Examples: jump, sit, talk, have
3. ADJECTIVE – describes a noun
Examples: colourful shirt, funny story, tall boy

4. ADVERB – describes other words (not nouns)


Examples: jumped yesterday, talks fast, sings loud, very pretty, luckily for us

5. SUBJECT – the noun or nouns that perform the action (WHO)


Example: The dog jumped.

The subject of this sentence is the noun, dog, because it is performing the action of jumping.

Example: Dogs and cats sleep.

The subjects of this sentence are the nouns, dogs and cats. This is called a compound subject
because there is more than one subject performing the same action.
6. OBJECT – the noun or nouns that receive the action (WHAT)
Example: The child drank milk.

The object of this sentence is the noun, milk, because the child is drinking the milk. The milk is
receiving the action.

Example: She is eating bread and cheese.

The objects of this sentence are the nouns, bread and cheese. The subject is eating them both.
BASIC SENTENCE STRUCTURES
There are five basic sentence structures in the English language.

1. SUBJECT – VERB
Examples:
 The boy plays.
 Jack eats.
 Sara sits.

2. SUBJECT – VERB – OBJECT


Examples:
 Sue loves her job.
 I like apples.
 Bill kicks the ball.

3. SUBJECT – VERB – ADJECTIVE


Examples:
 Lisa is pretty.
 They are nice.
 I am happy.

4. SUBJECT – VERB – ADVERB


Examples:
 Maria laughs loudly.
 The dog jumps high.
 Apples are everywhere.

5. SUBJECT – VERB – NOUN


Examples:
 I am the teacher.
 John is a chef.
 The boy is a student.
EXPANDING SENTENCES
The examples above are basic sentences. Basic sentences can be expanded, or lengthened, by
adding adjectives, adverbs and objects.

1. SUBJECT – VERB
 Jack eats.
This is the basic subject – verb pattern.
 Jack quickly eats.
An adverb is added (quickly) to tell how Jack eats.
 Jack quickly eats carrots.
An object is added (carrots) to tell what Jack eats.
 Jack quickly eats carrots at home.
Another adverb is added (at home) to tell where Jack eats.
 Jack quickly eats fresh carrots at home.
An adjective is added (fresh) to tell what kind of carrots Jack eats.

2. SUBJECT – VERB – OBJECT


 Bill kicks the ball.
This is a basic subject – verb – object pattern.
 Bill kicks the red ball.
An adjectives is added (red) to tell the colour of the ball.
 Bill kicks the red ball hard.
An adverb is added (hard) to tell how Bill kicks the ball.
 Bill kicks the read ball hard every day.
Another adverb is added (every day) to tell when Bill kicks the ball.

3. SUBJECT – VERB – ADJECTIVE


 She looks pretty.
This is the basic subject – verb – adjective pattern.
 She looks pretty tonight.
An adverb is added (tonight) to tell when she looks pretty.
 Lisa looks pretty tonight.
The subject is identified with a new name (Lisa).

4. SUBJECT – VERB – ADVERB


 Apples are everywhere.
This is the basic subject – verb – adverb pattern.
 Green apples are everywhere.
An adjective is added (green) to describe the apples.
 Ripe, green apples are everywhere.
A series of adjectives are added (ripe and green) to describe the apples.

5. SUBJECT – VERB – NOUN


 The boy is a student.
This is the basic subject – verb – noun sentence pattern.
 John is a student.
The subject is identified with a name (John).
 John is a smart student.
An adjective is added (smart) to tell what kind of student John is.
 John is a smart student at school.
An adverb is added (at school) to tell where John is a smart student.

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