EE356: Power Transmission, Distribution and

Utilization
Lecture 13

Noor Ul Ain

Department of Electrical Engineering

University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore

December 5, 2024

(EED UET Lahore) Lecture 13 December 5, 2024 1 / 38

 Topics

Topics to be Covered

• Types of Tariffs
• LESCO Bill Estimator
• Examples
• Types of Energy Meters

References:
• Class Notes

(EED UET Lahore) Lecture 13 December 5, 2024 2 / 38

 Tariff Types

Customer Billing

• Customer billing is done by taking the difference in readings of the

meter at two successive times, usually at an interval of 1 month
• The difference in readings indicates the amount of electricity, in
kilo-watt-hours (kWh), consumed by the customer in that period
• This amount is multiplied by the appropriate rate or the series of
rates and the adjustment factors and the bill is sent to the customer

(EED UET Lahore) Lecture 13 December 5, 2024 3 / 38

 Tariff Types

Tariff

The tariff is the rate at which the electrical energy is sold. There are
various types of tariffs followed in the market:
• Simple Tariff
• Flat Rate Tariff
• Block Rate Tariff
• Tariff for Protected and Unprotected Customer
• Two-Part Tariff/Maximum Demand Tariff
• Power Factor Tariff

(EED UET Lahore) Lecture 13 December 5, 2024 4 / 38

 Tariff Types

Simple Tariff

• When there is a fixed rate per unit of energy consumed, it is called

a simple tariff or uniform rate tariff
• In this type of tariff, the price charged per unit is constant i.e., it
does not vary with increase or decrease in number of units
consumed. The consumption of electrical energy at the consumer’s
terminals is recorded by means of an energy meter
• There is no discrimination between different types of consumers
since every consumer has to pay equitably for the fixed charges
• The cost per unit delivered is high (Disadvantage: For those
consumers, who don’t consume electricity much, not good for mixed
customers)
• Example: 12 Rs/unit (UET 1 MW project for first 10 years, and
then 10 Rs/unit for next 10 years)

(EED UET Lahore) Lecture 13 December 5, 2024 5 / 38

 Tariff Types

Flat Rate Tariff

• When different types of consumers are charged at different uniform

per unit rates, it is called a flat rate tariff
• In this type of tariff, the consumers are grouped into different classes
and each class of consumers is charged at a different uniform rate
• For instance, the flat rate per kWh for lighting load may be Rs.
40/kWh, whereas it may be slightly less (say Rs. 35 per kWh) for
power load
• The different classes of consumers are made taking into account
their diversity and load factors
• The advantage of such a tariff is that it is more fair to different
types of consumers and is quite simple in calculations
• A particular class of consumers is charged at the same rate
irrespective of the magnitude of energy consumed. However, a big
consumer should be charged at a lower/higher rate
(EED UET Lahore) Lecture 13 December 5, 2024 6 / 38
 Tariff Types

Block Rate Tariff

• When a given block of energy is charged at a specified rate and the

succeeding blocks of energy are charged at progressively
reduced/increased rates, it is called a block rate tariff
• In block rate tariff, the energy consumption is divided into blocks
and the price per unit is fixed in each block
• The price per unit in the first block is the highest/lowest and it is
progressively changed for the succeeding blocks of energy
• For example, the first 100 units may be charged at the rate of Rs.
24 per unit; the next 100 units at the rate of Rs. 31 per unit and
the remaining additional units may be charged at the rate of Rs. 35
per unit

(EED UET Lahore) Lecture 13 December 5, 2024 7 / 38

 Tariff Types

Blocks Rate Tariff - Slabs

001 − 100 Units 23.59

101 − 200 Units 30.07
201 − 300 Units 34.26
301 − 400 Units 39.15
401 − 500 Units 41.36
501 − 600 Units 42.78
601 − 700 Units 43.92
Above 700 Units 48.84

(EED UET Lahore) Lecture 13 December 5, 2024 8 / 38

 Tariff Types

Block Rate Tariff

• The advantage of such a tariff is that the consumer gets an incentive

to consume more/less electrical energy. This increases the load
factor of the system and hence the cost of generation is reduced.
• However, its principal defect is that it lacks a measure of the
consumer’s demand. This type of tariff is being used for the majority
of residential and small commercial consumers

(EED UET Lahore) Lecture 13 December 5, 2024 9 / 38

 Tariff Types

Consumer Classes

• Tariffs are given the names for different customers and conditions

Tariff Name Tariff Type

A1(01) Domestic
A1(03) Domestic
A2(04) Commercial
A2C(06)T Commercial
B1(07) Industrial
B1(08) Industrial
B1b(09)T Industrial
B2a(10) Industrial
B2a(11) Industrial
B2b(12)T Industrial
A3(66) General Services

(EED UET Lahore) Lecture 13 December 5, 2024 10 / 38

 Tariff Types

Basic Customers Type

• Protected customers
These customers use up to 200 units of electricity per month and
have done so for six consecutive months prior to the billing month.
They also have a sanctioned load of less than 5 kilowatts (kW).
• Unprotected customers
These customers consume more than 200 units of electricity in a
month, breaking their streak of protected customer status.

(EED UET Lahore) Lecture 13 December 5, 2024 11 / 38

 Tariff Types

Electricity Tariff - Protected Customers

(EED UET Lahore) Lecture 13 December 5, 2024 12 / 38

 Tariff Types

Electricity Tariff - Un-Protected Customers

(EED UET Lahore) Lecture 13 December 5, 2024 13 / 38

 Tariff Types

LESCO Peak and OFF Peak Hour

(EED UET Lahore) Lecture 13 December 5, 2024 14 / 38

 Tariff Types

Benefit of Slab in Block Rate Tariff

• As per Authority’s decision only protected residential consumers will

be given the benefits of only one previous slab.
• As per Authority’s decision residential life line consumers will not be
given any slab benefit.
• Under tariff A-1, there shall be minimum monthly customer charge
at the following rates even if no energy is consumed. For customers
where monthly fixed charges are applicable, no minimum charges
shall be applicable on such consumers, even if no energy consumed.
a) Single Phase Connections: Rs. 75/- per consumer per month
b) Three Phase Connections: Rs. 150/- per consumer per month

(EED UET Lahore) Lecture 13 December 5, 2024 15 / 38

 Tariff Types

Net Metering Tariff

• Export Tariff (Peak hours: 0, Off-Peak Rs 27)

• Import Tariff (Peak: Rs 48, Off-Peak Rs 41.68 for domestic
consumers, 5 kW and above)

(EED UET Lahore) Lecture 13 December 5, 2024 16 / 38

 Tariff Types

LESCO Bill Estimator 2024

https://misreports.lesco.gov.pk:36247/Modules/BillCalcNew/BillCalc.asp
(EED UET Lahore) Lecture 13 December 5, 2024 17 / 38
 Tariff Types

Sample LESCO BILL

(EED UET Lahore) Lecture 13 December 5, 2024 18 / 38

 Tariff Types

Two Part Tariff

• When the rate of electrical

energy is charged on the basis
of the maximum demand of the
consumer and the units
consumed, it is called a
two-part tariff.
• Thus, the consumer is charged
at a certain amount per kW of
maximum demand plus a
certain amount per kWh of
energy consumed where,
• b = charge per kW of
maximum demand
• c = charge per kWh of
energy consumed
(EED UET Lahore) Lecture 13 December 5, 2024 19 / 38
 Tariff Types

Two Part Tariff

• This type of tariff is mostly applicable to industrial consumers who

have appreciable maximum demand
• It recovers the fixed charges which depend upon the maximum
demand of the consumer but are independent of the units consumed.

(EED UET Lahore) Lecture 13 December 5, 2024 20 / 38

 Tariff Types

Power Factor Tariff

• The tariff in which power factor of the consumer’s load is taken into
consideration is known as power factor tariff.
• In an a.c. system, power factor plays an important role. A low power
factor increases the rating of station equipment and line losses.
Therefore, a consumer having low power factor must be penalized.
• The following are the important types of power factor tariff
• kVA maximum demand tariff
• Sliding scale tariff
• kW and kVAR tariff

(EED UET Lahore) Lecture 13 December 5, 2024 21 / 38

 Tariff Types

LESCO A2 - Commercial Tariff

(EED UET Lahore) Lecture 13 December 5, 2024 22 / 38

 Tariff Types

LESCO A2 - General Services

(EED UET Lahore) Lecture 13 December 5, 2024 23 / 38

 Tariff Types

LESCO - B - Industrial Supply Tariff

(EED UET Lahore) Lecture 13 December 5, 2024 24 / 38

 Tariff Types

LESCO - C - Single Point Supply Tariff

(EED UET Lahore) Lecture 13 December 5, 2024 25 / 38

 Tariff Types

LESCO - C - Single Point Supply Tariff

(EED UET Lahore) Lecture 13 December 5, 2024 26 / 38

 Tariff Types

LESCO - D - Agriculture Supply

(EED UET Lahore) Lecture 13 December 5, 2024 27 / 38

 Tariff Types

LESCO - E - Temporary Supply Tariff

(EED UET Lahore) Lecture 13 December 5, 2024 28 / 38

 Tariff Types

LESCO - G - Public Lighting

(EED UET Lahore) Lecture 13 December 5, 2024 29 / 38

 Tariff Types

LESCO - H - Colonies

(EED UET Lahore) Lecture 13 December 5, 2024 30 / 38

 Tariff Types

Example 2.16

(EED UET Lahore) Lecture 13 December 5, 2024 31 / 38

 Tariff Types

(EED UET Lahore) Lecture 13 December 5, 2024 32 / 38

 Tariff Types

(EED UET Lahore) Lecture 13 December 5, 2024 33 / 38

 Tariff Types

(EED UET Lahore) Lecture 13 December 5, 2024 34 / 38

 Tariff Types

Energy Meters

• Single Phase - Electromagnetic and Digital

• Three Phase - Digital - Whole current (usually 5 A - 10 A)
• Three Phase - CT-PT meter (installed at transformers, grids,
feeders etc)
• Three Phase Smart Meters
• GSM/GPRS Meter
• RS 485/PLC/Micro Power Communication
• Green Meter

(EED UET Lahore) Lecture 13 December 5, 2024 35 / 38

 Tariff Types

Single Phase Energy Meters

• Electromagnetic (old) - Digital (now-a-days)

• Records kWh mainly - there are different variants which can display
voltage, current, instantaneous power and power factor as well but
only kWh reading is used for billing purposes.

(EED UET Lahore) Lecture 13 December 5, 2024 36 / 38

 Tariff Types

Three Phase Energy Meters

https://vertex.pk/wp-content/uploads/2014/08/VTX-34.pdf

(EED UET Lahore) Lecture 13 December 5, 2024 37 / 38

 Tariff Types

Three Phase Whole Current GSM/GPRS METERS

• It is Electronic Three Phase Four Wire Whole Current GSM/GPRS

Energy Meter developed for residential and commercial users.
• This meter is developed for measurement of Active and Re-active
energy and includes maximum demand and Multi-tariff features.

(EED UET Lahore) Lecture 13 December 5, 2024 38 / 38