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CE211 - Mid Sem - Solution

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17 views6 pages

CE211 - Mid Sem - Solution

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himanshu.22523
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MAULANA AZAD NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

MID TERM SOLUTIONS, SEPTEMBER-OCTOBER 2024.


Course: B.Tech. Semester: Third Branch: Civil Engineering
Subject: Structural Analysis Subject Code: CE-211

Q1.The State of Stress at a point on the solid shaft is shown in the figure. Determine the
principal stresses and their orientation at this point using Mohr’s circle method.

Solution –
Given data
Stress in horizontal direction (σx) = OE = -20 MPA
Stress in vertical reaction (σy) = 0 MPA
Shear stress (τxy) = ED = 10 MPA

Centre of Mohr circle (A) σavg = (σx+σy)/2 = (-20 + 0)/2 = -10 MPA
Radius of Mohr circle (AF) = (((σx - σy)/2)2 + τxy2)0.5 = 14.14 MPA

Principal Stress

σP1 = OF = σavg - R
= -10-14.14
= -24.14 MPA
σP2 = OB = σavg + R
σ
= -10 + 14.14
= 4.14 MPA

Orientation of the plane :- τ


In Δ AED, OE = -20 MPa
ꟾEAꟾ = ꟾ-20ꟾ– ꟾ10ꟾ
= 10 MPa
ꟾEDꟾ = (AD2 – AE2)0.5
= (14.142 – 102)2
= 10 MPa
Tan(2θp1) = 10/10
θp1 = 22.5ᴼ
As we can clearly see in the Mohr circle that θp1 is negative
So, θp1 = -22.5ᴼ
So for σ1 = -24.14 MPa at θp1 = -22.5ᴼ
Now, θp2 = θp1 + 90ᴼ = -22.5 + 90ᴼ = 67.5ᴼ
So, for σp2 = 4.14 MPa oriented at θp2 = 67.5ᴼ
Hence these are the principle plane and their orientation:-
σ p1 = -24.14 MPA, θp1 = -22.5ᴼ
σp2 = 4.14 MPA, θp2 = 67.5ᴼ

Q2 The State of Plane Stress at a point is represented by the element shown in figure.
Determine the state of stress at the point on another element oriented 45 degrees
anticlockwise from the position shown.

Solution -
Particulars Value Units
Given Data
Stress in horizontal Direction (σx) -100 MPA
Stress in vertical Direction (σy) -70 MPA
Shear stress (τxy) 40 MPA
Rotation of element in anticlockwise direction (θ in degrees) 45 degree

Stress calculation on plane CD


The angle between positive x axis and normal to the plane CD in degree
anticlockwise direction (θ2 in degrees) 45
Normal stress on plane CD σx' = (σx+σy)/2 + (σx-σy)/2 Cos2θ + τxysin2θ -45.00 MPA
Shear stress on plane CD τx'y' = -(σx-σy)/2sin2θ + τxycos2θ 15.00 MPA
Stress calculation on plane BC
The angle between positive x axis and normal to the plane BC in degree
anticlockwise direction (θ2 in degrees) 135
Normal stress on Plane BC σx' = (σx+σy)/2 + (σx-σy)/2 Cos2θ + τxysin2θ -125 MPA
Shear stress on Plane BC τx'y' = -(σx-σy)/2sin2θ + τxycos2θ -15 MPA
C

ϴ = 45°
B

Q3A cantilever beam of span L is subjected to a point load W at the free end. Determine
the slope and deflection at free end by using the double integration method
Solution

The bending of beams is governed by the following differential equation:


ⅆ2 𝑦
EI ⅆ𝑥 2 =M(x)

For a cantilever beam of length L with a point load Wat the free end, the bending moment at
a distance x from the fixed end is:
M(x)= −W(L−x)
Using the bending moment in the differential equation for beam bending:
ⅆ2 𝑦
EI ⅆ𝑥 2 = −W(L−x)

Integrate once to find the slope dy/dx


ⅆ𝑦
EI ⅆ𝑥 = ∫−W(L−x) dx
ⅆ𝑦
EI ⅆ𝑥 = −W ∫(L−x)dx
𝑊
= − (Lx−x2/2)+ C1
𝐸𝐼
Where C1 is a constant of integration.
Integrate again to find the deflection y(x)
EIy(x) = ∫−W (Lx−x2/2)dx
𝑊
=− (L x2/2 −x3/6)+ C1x+ C2
𝐸𝐼

Applying Boundary Condition1:


At x =0 , y(0)=0
𝑊
0=− (L(0)−(0))+ C1 (0)+ C2
𝐸𝐼

C2 = 0
Applying Boundary Condition 2:
ⅆy
At x =0 , =0
ⅆx
𝑊
0=− (L(0)−(0))+ C1
𝐸𝐼

C1 =0
Now, substitute C1=0& C2=0 into the equations for slope and deflection.
Slope:
ⅆy 𝑊
= (Lx−x2/2)
ⅆx 𝐸𝐼

Slope At the free end x=L,


Slope (θ) =WL2 / 2EI
Deflection:
𝑊
δ=- (L x2/2 −x3/6)
𝐸𝐼

Deflection at the free end x = L


δ= -WL3/ 3EI
Q4 A simply supported beam is subjected to a uniformly distributed load of 4 kN/m.
Determine the maximum slope and deflection in the beam using double integration
method. Assuming EI is constant.

X
X
Solution x
The bending of beams is governed by the following differential equation:
ⅆ2 𝑦
EI ⅆ𝑥 2 = M(x) eq 1

For calculation of M(x)


Reaction = Total Load/2 = 4*10 / 2 = 20 kN = 20000 N
the bending moment M(x) at a distance x from the right support is given by:
M(x)=20000x− 4000.x.x/2 = 20000x−2000 x2
Putting the value in eq 1
ⅆ2 𝑦
EI = (20000x−2000 x2 )
ⅆ𝑥 2

Integrate the above equation to get the slope:


ⅆ𝑦
EI ⅆ𝑥 = ∫−(20000x−2000 x2 ) dx
ⅆ𝑦
EIⅆ𝑥 = −(10000 x2−2000 x3 /3) + C1 eq 2

Integrating again
EI y = −(10000 x3/3 − 2000 x4 /12) + C1x+ C2 eq 3
Apply boundary condition in eq 3
At x =0 , y(0)=0
C2 =0
At x = 10 , y(0)=0 in eq 3
C1 = -166666.6
substitute C1 in eq 2
ⅆ𝑦
EIⅆ𝑥 = −(10000 x2−2000 x3 /3) + 166666.6

The Slope (in radian) is maximum at support


Putting x=0 in above equation
ⅆ𝑦
= 166666.6/EI
ⅆ𝑥

substitute C1 and C2 in eq 3
EI y = −(10000 x3/3 −2000 x4 /12) - 166666.6x
The deflection (in mm) is maximum at midpoint of beam
Putting x= 5 in above equation
δ =520833/EI

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