ENGINEERING DRAWING

Dr. Hiru Purushothaman Hirudayanathan

Faculty / Mechanical Engineering
Room No 20, Visvesvaraya Complex
National Institute of Technology Goa
Phone No: 8754097380

27-Nov-24 Dr.HPH / Week 13 / Engineering Drawing 1

 ISOMETRIC PROJECTION TYPICAL CONDITION.
IT IS A TYPE OF PICTORIAL PROJECTION IN THIS 3-D DRAWING OF AN OBJECT,
IN WHICH ALL THREE DIMENSIONS OF ALL THREE-DIMENSIONAL AXES ARE
AN OBJECT ARE SHOWN IN ONE VIEW AND MAINTAINED AT EQUAL INCLINATIONS
IF REQUIRED, THEIR ACTUAL SIZES CAN BE WITH EACH OTHER.( 1200)
MEASURED DIRECTLY FROM IT.

3-D DRAWINGS CAN BE DRAWN NOW OBSERVE BELOW GIVEN DRAWINGS.

IN NUMEROUS WAYS AS SHOWN BELOW. ONE CAN NOTE SPECIFIC INCLINATION
ALL THESE DRAWINGS MAY BE CALLED AMONG H, L & D AXES.
3-DIMENSIONAL DRAWINGS, ISO MEANS SAME, SIMILAR OR EQUAL.
OR PHOTOGRAPHIC HERE ONE CAN FIND
OR PICTORIAL DRAWINGS. EDUAL INCLINATION AMONG H, L & D AXES.
HERE NO SPECIFIC RELATION EACH IS 1200 INCLINED WITH OTHER TWO.
AMONG H, L & D AXES IS MENTAINED. HENCE IT IS CALLED ISOMETRIC DRAWING

H
H
H
PURPOSE OF ISOMETRIC DRAWING IS TO UNDERSTAND
27-Nov-24 Dr.HPH / Week 13 / Engineering Drawing 2
OVERALL SHAPE, SIZE & APPEARANCE OF AN OBJECT PRIOR TO IT’S PRODUCTION.
 SOME IMPORTANT TERMS:

ISOMETRIC AXES, LINES AND PLANES:

The three lines AL, AD and AH, meeting at point A and making
1200 angles with each other are termed Isometric Axes.
A
The lines parallel to these axes are called Isometric Lines.

The planes representing the faces of of the cube as well as

other planes parallel to these planes are called Isometric Planes.
H
ISOMETRIC SCALE:
When one holds the object in such a way that all three dimensions
are visible then in the process all dimensions become proportionally
inclined to observer’s eye sight and hence appear apparent in lengths.

This reduction is 0.815 or 9 / 11 ( approx.) It forms a reducing scale which

Is used to draw isometric drawings and is called Isometric scale.

In practice, while drawing isometric projection, it is necessary to convert

true lengths into isometric lengths for measuring and marking the sizes.
This is conveniently done by constructing an isometric scale as described
on next page.
27-Nov-24 Dr.HPH / Week 13 / Engineering Drawing 3
 TYPES OF ISOMETRIC DRAWINGS

ISOMETRIC VIEW ISOMETRIC PROJECTION

Drawn by using True scale Drawn by using Isometric scale
( True dimensions ) ( Reduced dimensions )

D
4

H
S
TH 2 C H
NG 4
LE
UE
TR 1 3

2 THS
NG
. LE CONSTRUCTION OF ISOM.SCALE.
0 OM From point A, with line AB draw 300 and
1 IS
0
450 inclined lines AC & AD resp on AD.
45 Mark divisions of true length and from
0 300
A B each division-point draw vertical lines
Isometric scale [ Line AC ] upto AC line.
The divisions thus obtained on AC
27-Nov-24 required for Isometric
Dr.HPH / Week 13 Projection
/ Engineering Drawing give lengths on isometric scale. 4
 SHAPE Isometric view if the Shape is
ISOMETRIC
OF
F.V. or T.V.
D
PLANE H
RECTANGLE D
FIGURES A D A L
AS THESE ALL ARE L
C D C
2-D FIGURES
WE REQUIRE ONLY TWO A
ISOMETRIC AXES.
B C B B
IF THE FIGURE IS FRONT B
H
VIEW, H & L AXES ARE
TRIANGLE 3 B
REQUIRED. 1 L
B 1 3
L
IF THE FIGURE IS TOP A D A
VIEW, D & L AXES ARE 3
1
REQUIRED.
2 A 2 2
Shapes containing 4
Inclined lines should PENTAGON H E
be enclosed in a 1 E
4 1 D 4
rectangle as shown. D
E
Then first draw isom. A D A D L
of that rectangle and L 1 3
then inscribe that 3 A C
C
shape as it is. 2 B
B C 3 B
27-Nov-24 2
Dr.HPH / Week 13 / Engineering Drawing 2 5
 ISOMETRIC SHAPE IF IF
OF F.V. T.V.
PLANE HEXAGON

FIGURES

AS THESE ALL ARE

2-D FIGURES
WE REQUIRE ONLY
TWO ISOMETRIC
AXES. CIRCLE

IF THE FIGURE IS
FRONT VIEW, H & L
AXES ARE REQUIRED.

IF THE FIGURE IS TOP

VIEW, D & L AXES ARE For Isometric of Circle/Semicircle use Rhombus method. Construct Rhombus
REQUIRED. of sides equal to Diameter of circle always. ( Ref. topic ENGG. CURVES.)
SEMI CIRCLE
For Isometric of
Circle/Semicircle
use Rhombus method.
Construct it of sides equal
to diameter of circle always.
27-Nov-24 ( Ref. Previous two pages.) Dr.HPH / Week 13 / Engineering Drawing 6
 STUDY
Z
ILLUSTRATIONS
ISOMETRIC VIEW OF
PENTAGONALL PRISM
LYING ON H.P.

4
H E
1 D

A
L
3
C
B
2
ISOMETRIC VIEW OF
HEXAGONAL PRISM
STANDING ON H.P.
27-Nov-24 Dr.HPH / Week 13 / Engineering Drawing 7
 STUDY
Z
ILLUSTRATIONS
CYLINDER STANDING ON H.P.

CYLINDER LYING ON H.P.

27-Nov-24 Dr.HPH / Week 13 / Engineering Drawing 8

 STUDY
Z
ILLUSTRATIONS ISOMETRIC VIEW OF
PENTAGONAL PYRAMID
STANDING ON H.P.
(Height is added from center of pentagon)

ISOMETRIC VIEW OF BASE OF

PENTAGONAL PYRAMID
STANDING ON H.P.

4
4
D
D E
E
D L D
L
1 3 1 3
A C
A C
B
2
B
2

27-Nov-24 Dr.HPH / Week 13 / Engineering Drawing 9

 STUDY ISOMETRIC VIEW OF
Z A FRUSTOM OF SQUARE PYRAMID
ILLUSTRATIONS
STANDING ON H.P. ON IT’S LARGER BASE.

60
FV

X Y

40 20

TV

27-Nov-24 Dr.HPH / Week 13 / Engineering Drawing 10

 STUDY
ILLUSTRATION

PROJECTIONS OF FRUSTOM OF ISOMETRIC VIEW

PENTAGONAL PYRAMID ARE GIVEN. OF
FRUSTOM OF PENTAGONAL PYRAMID
DRAW IT’S ISOMETRIC VIEW.

SOLUTION STEPS:
60 60
FV

20
FIRST DRAW ISOMETRIC
OF IT’S BASE.

x y THEN DRAWSAME SHAPE

E AS TOP, 60 MM ABOVE THE
1 4 BASE PENTAGON CENTER.
A
THEN REDUCE THE TOP TO 20
MM SIDES AND JOIN WITH THE
TV 40 20 D PROPER BASE CORNERS.

40
2 3
C

27-Nov-24 Dr.HPH / Week 13 / Engineering Drawing 11

 STUDY
Z
ILLUSTRATIONS

DRAW ISOMETRIC VIEW OF A

CIRCLE IF IT IS A TV OR FV.

FIRST ENCLOSE IT IN A SQUARE.

IT’S ISOMETRIC IS A RHOMBUS WITH
D & L AXES FOR TOP VIEW.
THEN USE H & L AXES FOR ISOMETRIC

B
WHEN IT IS FRONT VIEW.
FOR CONSTRUCTION USE RHOMBUS
METHOD SHOWN HERE. STUDY IT.
2

C
4
A B

3 4

3
A

1
D C

D
1
27-Nov-24 Dr.HPH / Week 13 / Engineering Drawing 12
 STUDY
Z
ILLUSTRATIONS
25 R

DRAW ISOMETRIC VIEW OF THE FIGURE

SHOWN WITH DIMENTIONS (ON RIGHT SIDE)
CONSIDERING IT FIRST AS F.V. AND THEN T.V.
50 MM

IF FRONT VIEW

100 MM

IF TOP VIEW

27-Nov-24 Dr.HPH / Week 13 / Engineering Drawing 13