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Te ii unit 3

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4 views3 pages

Te ii unit 3

Uploaded by

S.Rajarethinam
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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1. Define Fluid Power.

It may be defined as the technology that deals with the generation control, and transmission of power using pressurized fluids.
The term fluid power is the general term used for hydraulics and pneumatics. The hydraulic systems employs liquids (such as
water, petroleum oils, and synthetic oils) as the fluid medium. The pneumatic system employs gas (most commonly
compressed air) as the fluid medium.
2. Fluid power transmissions systems can be employed over greater distances than mechanical types
but not as far as electrical system – Explain why?
 Fluid power systems easily produce linear motion using hydraulic or pneumatic cylinders, whereas electrical and
mechanical methods usually must use a mechanical device to convert rotational motion to linear.
 High horsepower-to-weight ratio
 Safety in hazardous environments because they are inherently spark-free and can tolerate high temperatures.
3. Mention the difference between Hydraulics and Pneumatics.

4. Define absolute and kinematic viscosity


Dynamic or absolute viscosity
Absolute viscosity - coefficient of absolute viscosity - is a measure of internal resistance.
Dynamic (absolute) viscosity is the tangential force per unit area required to move one horizontal plane with respect to another
plane - at an unit velocity - when maintaining an unit distance apart in the fluid. Unit – N.s/m2
𝑑𝑦
𝜏= 𝜇
𝑑𝑡

Kinematic viscosity
• Kinematic viscosity is the ratio of absolute (or dynamic) viscosity to density
• Kinematic viscosity can be obtained by dividing the absolute viscosity of a fluid with the fluid mass density

𝜇
𝑉=
𝜌
Unit – m2/s
5. Define Pascal’s law.
Pascal’s Law
Pressure applied to a confined fluid at any point is transmitted undiminished and equally throughout the fluid in all directions and
acts upon every part of the confining vessel at right angles to its interior surfaces.

6. Define hydraulic actuator

 A hydraulic actuator can hold force and torque constant without the pump supplying more fluid or pressure due to
the incompressibility of fluids.
 Hydraulic systems are used to control and transmit power.
 A pump driven by prime mover such as electric motor creates a flow of fluid in which the pressure, direction and
flow rate are controlled by valves
 An actuator is used to convert the energy of fluid back into mechanical power.
 The amount of output power developed depends upon the flow rate, pressure drop across the actuator and its overall
efficiency
 Thus they are devices which used to convert pressure
 Energy of the fluid into mechanical energy.
7. Differentiate double rod and tandem cylinder

Own writing – refer from PPT & notes

8. List the application of semi-rotary actuator.

The important applications of limited rotation hydraulic motors include conveyor sorting, valve turning, air bending operations,
flip bending operations, flip over between work stations, positioning for welding, lifting, rotating and dumping.

9. Explain the term cylinder cushioning


 For prevention of shock due to stopping loads at the end of piston stroke, cushion devices are used.
 Cushion may be applied at either end or both the ends
 They operate on the principle that as the cylinder piston approaches the end of the stroke, an exhaust fluid is forced
to go through an adjustable needle valve that is set to control the escaping fluid at the given rate.
 This allows the deceleration characteristic to be adjusted for different loads
 When the cylinder piston is actuated, the fluid enters the cylinder port and flows through a little check valve so that
the entire piston area can be utilized to produce forces and motion.
10. Draw the graphical symbols of any six cylinders.

PPT

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