Probability X
Probability X
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Class : X Topic : Probability
Section-A (Conceptual Questions)
Mark the correct alternative in each of the following:
1. If a digit is chosen at random from the digits 1, 2, 3,4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, then the probability that it is odd, is
4 5 1 2
(a) (b) (c) (d)
9 9 9 3
2. In Q. No. 1, the probability that the digit is even, is
4 5 1 2
(a) (b) (c) (d)
9 9 9 3
3. In Q. No. 1, the probability that the digit is a multiple of 3 is
1 2 1 2
(a) (b) (c) (d)
3 3 9 9
4. If three coins are tossed simultaneously, then the probability of getting at least two heads, is
1 3 1 1
(a) (b) (c) (d)
4 8 2 4
5. In a single throw of a die, the probability of getting a multiple of 3 is
1 1 1 2
(a) (b) (c) (d)
2 3 6 3
6. The probability of guessing the correct answer to a certain test questions is . If the probability of not
12
2
guessing the correct answer to this question is , then x =
3
(a) 2 (b) 3 (c) 4 (d) 6
7. A bag contains three green marbles, four blue marbles, and two orange marbles. If a marble is picked at
random, then the probability that it is not an orange marble is
1 1 4 7
(a) (b) (c) (d)
4 3 9 9
8. A number is selected at random from the numbers 3, 5, 5, 7, 7, 7, 9, 9, 9, 9.
The probability that the selected number is their average is
1 3 7 9
(a) (b) (c) (d)
10 10 10 10
9. The probability of throwing a number greater than 2 with a fair dice is
3 2 2 1
(a) (b) (c) (d)
5 5 3 3
22. The probability of getting an even number, when a die is thrown once is
1 1 1 5
(a) (b) (c) (d)
2 3 6 6
23. A box contains 90 discs, numbered from 1 to 90. If one disc is drawn at random from the box, the
probability that it bears a prime number less than 23, is
7 10 4 9
(a) (b) (c) (d)
90 90 45 89
24. The probability that a number selected at random from the numbers 1, 2,3,—15 is a multiple of 4, is
4 2 1 1
(a) (b) (c) (d)
15 15 5 3
25. Two different coins are tossed simultaneously of getting at least one head is
1 1 3 7
(a) (b) (c) (d)
4 8 4 8
26. If two different dice are rolled together, the probability of getting an even number on both dice, is
1 1 1 1
(a) (b) (c) (d)
36 2 6 4
27. A number is selected at random from the numbers 1 to 30. The probability that it is prime number is
2 1 1 11
(a) (b) (c) (d)
3 6 3 30
28. A card is drawn at random from a pack of 52 cards. The probability that the drawn card is not an ace is
2 9 4 12
(a) (b) (c) (d)
3 13 13 13
29. Two dice are thrown together. The probability of getting the same number on both dlce is
1 1 1 1
(a) (b) (c) (d)
2 3 6 12
30. In a family of 3 children, the probability of having at least one boy is
7 1 5 3
(a) (b) (c) (d)
8 8 8 4
31. A bag contain cards numbered from 1 to 25. A card is drawn at random from the bag. The probability that
the number on this card is divisible by both 2 and 3 is
1 3 4 2
(a) (b) (c) (d)
5 25 25 25
32. A number x is chosen at random from the numbers –3, –2, –1, 0, 1, 2, 3 the probability that |x| < 2 is
5 2 3 1
(a) (b) (c) (d)
7 7 7 7
17 1 17 8
(a) (b) (c) (d)
45 5 90 45
38. Two dice are rolled simultaneously. The probability that they show different faces is
2 1 1 5
(a) (b) (c) (d)
3 6 3 6
39. What is the probability that a leap year has 53 Mondays?
2 4 5 6
(a) (b) (c) (d)
7 7 7 7
40. If a two digit number is chosen at random, then the probability that the number chosen is a multiple of 3,
is
3 29 1 7
(a) (b) (c) (d)
10 100 3 25
ASSERTION-REASON
Each of the following questions contains STATEMENT-1 (Assertion) and STATEMENT-2 (Reason) and
has following four choices (a), (b), (c) and (d), only one of which is the correct answer. Mark the correct
choice.
(a) Statement-1 is true, Statement-2 is true; Statement-2 is a correct explanation for Statement-1.
(b) Statement-1 is true, Statement-2 is true; Statement-2 is not a correct explanation for Statement-1.
(c) Statement-1 is true, Statement-2 is false.
(d) Statement-1 is false, Statement-2 is true.
2
41. Statement-1 (Assertion): The probability that a leap year has 53 Sundays is .
7
1
Statement-2 (Reason): The probability that a non-leap year has 53 Sundays is
7
42. Statement-1 (Assertion): When a die is rolled, the probability of getting a number which is a multiple of
3 and 5 both is zero.
Statement-2 (Reason): The probability of an impossible event is zero.
1
43 Statement-1 (Assertion): A cubical die is rolled. The probability of getting a composite number 1 is .
3
2
Statement-2 (Reason): In a throw of a cubical die, the probability of getting a prime number is-.
3
44 Statement-1 (Assertion): A number is selected from the numbers 1, 2, 3,..., 10. The probability that it is
1
a root of the equation x 2 – 2x + 1 = 0 is .
5
Statement-2 (Reason): The equation x2 – 2x + 1 = 0 has two roots.
45 Statement-1 (Assertion): A four digit number is formed using the digits 1, 2, 5, 6 and 8 without repetition.
3
The probability that it is an even number is .
5
Statement-2 (Reason): The units digit of even number is also an even number.
46. Statement-1 (Assertion): Avni and Manvi were born in the year 2000. The probability that they have the
1
same birthday is -
366
Statement-2 (Reason): Leap year has 366 days.
Case Study-2
Mira has a circular cardboard with centre O. The cardboard has been divided into three regions labelled
X, Y and Z by diameter AH and radius OC as shown in the following figure. She places a fair spinner at
the centre O of the cardboard. If BOC = 45°; answer each of the following questions:
(i) The probability that the spinner will land in the region X, is
1 1 1 3
(i) (ii) (iii) (iv)
4 2 8 8
(ii) The probability that the spinner will land in the region Y, is
1 1 1 3
(i) (ii) (iii) (iv)
4 2 8 8
(iii) The probability that the spinner will land in the region Z, is
1 1 1 3
(i) (ii) (iii) (iv)
4 2 8 8
Prime (Science & Commerce), Mansarovar, Jaipur
Prime (Science & Commerce)
(iv) The probability that the spinner will land in the region X or Z, is
1 1 1 3
(i) (ii) (iii) (iv)
4 2 8 8
(v) The probability that the spinner will land in the region Y or Z, is
1 1 1 3
(i) (ii) (iii) (iv)
4 2 8 8
Case Study-3
Figure depicts an archery target marked with its five scoring areas from the centre outwards as Cold, Red,
Blue, Black and White. The diameter of the region representing Gold score is 20 cm and each of the other
bands is 10 cm wide. A bowman shoots an arrow.
(i) The probability that the arrow hits in Gold scoring area, is
1 3 1 7
(i) (ii) (iii) (iv)
25 25 5 25
(ii) The probability that it hits in Red scoring area, is
1 3 1 7
(i) (ii) (iii) (iv)
25 25 5 25
(iii) The probability that it hits in Blue scoring area, is
9 7 3 1
(i) (ii) (iii) (iv)
25 25 25 5
(iv) The probability that it hits in Black scoring area, is
9 3 7 1
(i) (ii) (iii) (iv)
25 25 25 25
(v) The probahiiity that it hits in white storing area, is
9 7 1 3
(i) (ii) (iii) (iv)
25 25 5 25
10. A carton consists of 100 shirts of which 88 are good, 8 have minor defects and 4 have major defects.
Jimmy, a trader, will only accept the shirts which are good, but Sujata, another trader, will only reject the
shirts which have major defects. One shirt is drawn at random from the carton. What is the probability
that (i) It is acceptable to Jimmy?
(ii) It is acceptable to Sujata.
11. Two dice, one blue and one grey, are thrown at the same time. Write down all the possible outcomes.
What is the probability that sum of the two numbers appearing on the top of the dice is
(i) 8 (ii) 13 (iii) less than or equal to 12
2
(a) (b) –1.5 (c) 15% (d) 0.7
3
2
the probability that it is green is . Find the number of blue balls in the jar..
3
40. A bag contains 3 red balls, 5 white balls and 7 black balls. What is the probability that a ball drawn from
the bag at random will be neither red nor black [NCERT Examplar]
41. A school has five houses A, B, C, D and E. A class has 23 students, 4 from house A, 8 from house B, 5
from house C, 2 from house D and rest from house E. Now if a single student is selected at random to be
the class monitor, then find the probability that the selected student is not from A, B and C?
[NCERT Examplar]
42. Apporva throws two dice at once and computes the product of the numbers appearing on the dice. Pehu
throws one dice and square the number that appears on it. Who has the better chance of getting the
number 36? Why? [NCERT Examplar]
43. The king, queen and jack of clubs are removed from a pack of 52 cards. Now one card is randomly drawn
from the remaining cards. Determine the probability that the card is [NCERT Examplar]
(i) A Heart (ii) A King.
44. All the Jacks, Queens and Kings are removed from a deck of 52 playing cards. Also, let ac has value 1 just
like other cards. Now if a card is randomly taken out from remaining crds, then find the probability of
getting [NCERT Examplar]
(i) The value 7 (ii) The value greeter than 7 (iii) < 7that
45. An integer is choosen between 0 and 100°. What is the probability that it is [NCERT Examplar]
(i) divisible by 7 ? (ii) Not divisible by 7 ?
46. Cards with numbers 2 to 101 are placed in a box. A card is selected at random. Find the probability that
the card has [NCERT Examplar]
47. A letter of english alphabets is choosen at random. Determine that the letter is a constant.
[NCERT Examplar]
48. There are 1000 sealed envelopes in a box, 10 of them contain a cash prize of Rs 100 each, 100 of them
contain a cash prize of Rs 50 each and 200 of them contain a cash prize of Rs 10 each and rest do not
contain any cash prize. If they are well shuffled and one envelope is picked up out, what is the probability
that it contains no cash prize? [NCERT Examplar]
49. Box A contains 25 slips of which 19 are marked Rs 1 and other are marked Rs 5 each. Box B contains 50
slips of which 45 marked Rs 1 each and others are marked Rs 13 each. Slips of both boxes are poured into
a third box and reshuffled. A slip is drawn at random. What is the probability that it is marked other than
Rs 1? [NCERT Examplar]
50. A carton of 24 bulbs contains 6 defective bulbs. One bulb is drawn at random. What is the probability that
the bulb is not defective? If the bulb selected is defective and it is not replaced and a second bulb is
selected at random from the rest, what is the probability that the second bulb is defective?
[NCERT Examplar]
51. A child’s game has 8 triangles of which 3 are blue and rest are red and 10 squares of which 6 are blue and
rest are red. One piece is lost at random. Find the probability that it is a- [NCERT Examplar]
(i) Triangle
(ii) Square
(iii) Square of blue color
(iv) Triangle of red color
Answer Key
Section-A (Conceptual Questions)
MCQ
1. (b) 2. (a) 3. (a) 4. (c) 5. (b) 6. (c)
13. (d) 14. (d) 15. (b) 16. (a) 17. (c) 18. (d)
19. (b) 20. (d) 21. (c) 22. (a) 23. (c) 24. (c)
25. (c) 26. (d) 27. (c) 28. (d) 29. (c) 30. (a)
31. (c) 32. (c) 33. (b) 34. (d) 35. (b) 36. (b)
ASSERTION-REASON
41.(b) 42. (a) 43. (c) 44. (d) 45. (b)
(vii) d
Case Study-2
(i) (a) (ii) (b) (iii) (c) (iv) (b) (v) (c)
Case Study-3
(i) (a) (ii) (b) (iii) (d) (iv) (c) (v) (a)
2 1 4 3 1 5
6. (i) (ii) (iii) 7. 8. 9.
9 3 9 4 4 27
5
10. 0.96 11. (i) (ii) 0 (iii) 1
36
12. (i) 1 (ii) 0, impossible event (iii) 1, sure event (iv) 1 (v) 0, 1
13. In case (i) and (ii) events can be favourable to particular event, so not equally likely, whereas (iii) and (iv)
events are equally likely
14. Because both the events “Head” or “tail” are equally likely to occur
3 5 5 8 13
19. (i) (ii) 20. (i) (ii) (iii)
8 8 17 17 17
5 17 5
21. (i) (ii) 22.
18 18 13
1 1 3
23. (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) 1
8 2 4
1 1 1
24. (i) (ii) (iii)
2 2 2
1 3 2 1 1 1
25. (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) (v) (vi)
26 13 13 52 4 52
1 1
26. (i) (ii) (a) (b) 0
5 4
11 4 3 81 1 1
27. 28. (i) (ii) 29. (i) (ii) (iii)
12 5 4 90 10 5
1 1 11 31 5
30. (i) (ii) 31. 32. (i) (ii)
3 6 84 36 36
3 25 11
33. (i) 34. (i) (ii) 35. (i) Not corrct (ii) Correct
4 36 36
1 8 4 x
36. (i) (ii) (iii) 37. 10 balls 38. (i) (ii) x = 3
5 25 5 12
1 6
39. 8 marbles 40. 41. 42. Peehu has the better chance.
3 23
13 3 1 3 3
43. (i) (ii) 44. (i) (ii) (iii)
49 49 10 10 5
14 85 1 9 21
45. (i) (ii) 46. (i) (ii) 47.
99 99 2 100 26
69 11 3 5
48. 49. 50. ,
100 75 4 23
4 5 1 5
51. (i) (ii) (iii) (iv)
9 9 3 18
1 1 3 3
52. (i) (ii) (iii) 53. (i) 6 (ii)
8 8 4 4
7 15 5 1 8
54. (i) (ii) 55. (i) (ii) 56. (i) 0.009 (ii)
8 16 6 3 999