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Volume 38, Issue 6

^01.38,^0.6
Optoelectronics Technology Application

December 2023
08^1111)3,2023

•Optical design•

Design of optical system of laser dazzler

Cai Zhen, Ji Junwen

(Jiangsu Liangdian Optoelectronics Technology Co., Ltd., Suzhou, Jiangsu)

Abstract : A laser dazzler optical system is designed. The optical system consists of a collimation system and a variable-magnification beam expansion system, which can continuously adjust the laser dazzler output beam.

Divergence angle. The wavelength of the fiber laser is 525 ! ! ! ! , the numerical aperture is 0.15 , the light emitting surface is 100 flash 0x25 factor 11, it is collimated by the collimator group, and then output by the variable magnification beam expansion system

The laser glare distance is 100-200 11, and the static glare area of the laser is 1 ^1x0.24 ÿ........galvanometer scans the narrow side of the glare surface to make the laser glare at the above glare distance

The area of 1^x5 is suitable for the laser glare requirements of checkpoints, narrow passes and passageways. The glare surface produced by the optical system's output beam has a small fluctuation in laser power density, which can effectively protect

Maintain dazzling effect. The total length of the optical system is 63. The structure is simple, which is conducive to engineering and has broad application prospects.

Keywords: optical design; dazzler; laser weapon; variable magnification beam expansion; galvanometer

Chinese Library Classification Number: . 439 Document Identification Code: Article Number: 1673-1255(2023)-06-0021-04

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As a non-lethal laser weapon, laser dazzler can Under dark adaptation conditions, the dazzling effect of 525 11111 laser is better than that of 540 111110.
achieve
Laser dazzle at a certain distance. Under the premise of ensuring eye safety, Luo Zhongxin et al. analyzed and concluded that the green laser output power of the laser dazzler is

Causes temporary blindness and dizziness. Has attack speed When the rate density is 0.1 111 1/ to 2.55 3/, it will affect people
It has the characteristics of fast speed and great deterrent effect, and has a strong impact in the fields of security warning and
denial. The eye produces a strong dazzling effect. And according to the visual sensitivity coefficient curve

It has high practicality. The analysis shows that the human eye is more sensitive to lasers with a flicker frequency of 8.8

Fiber laser outputs high and stable laser power and can be used as bar. The above literature is limited to the description of dazzling functions and parameter

demonstration.

The laser source of the optical glare system. Guo Erxue et al. explained the human eye's The design of laser glare optical systems is not addressed.

530 1 Example 1 Green laser transmittance can reach 88%, 530 1 laser to human eyes It is proposed to use fiber laser as the transmitting end light source.

The most sensitive question 3 Guo Linyang analyzed the light and dark adaptation wave of the human eye The laser wavelength is 525 nm, which is the most sensitive to the human eye under dark adaptation conditions.

For a long time, it is believed that under the condition of light adaptation, the dazzling effect of 540 nm laser is significant; Wavelength. The designed optical system can adjust the divergence angle of the output beam.
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Received date: 2022-10-10

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twenty two Optoelectronics Technology Application Volume 38

At a glare distance of 100-200 mm , the laser static glare area always maintains 1 1^0.24 %. The
The lens surface is coated with an anti-reflection film, with a transmittance of no less than 99.5%

laser power density of the dazzler has a small fluctuation, and the dazzle effect can be effectively
and little light energy loss.

maintained within the dazzle distance . The system adopts a full-spherical design, without a glued
The 2V value is the deviation between the wavefront close to the image and the farthest

surface, easy to install and adjust, and conducive to engineering. By scanning the narrow side
wavefront, and the 5/5 value is the root mean square error of the wavefront, which is the wave aberration

direction of the glare surface with a galvanometer , the laser glare area at a glare distance of
between the wavefront of the optical system and the reference sphere. The 2V value and the 5/5 value can

100-200 mm can reach 1 1^x5 mm, which is suitable for the laser glare requirements of passes,
fully evaluate the collimation effect of the collimator lens group. The wavefront diagram of the collimator

narrow passes and passages .

lens group is shown in Figure 2. The 3/5 value of the on-axis point is 0.010 5 3, which is better than 0.1.

The value of the off-axis point 2 is 0.016 , which is better than 0.25, which meets the wavefront requirements
1 Laser dazzler optical system design indicators
of the fiber laser collimator lens group .

11.00()0

( 1 ) Wavelength:
11111; (Elu Ichiyo
~0.003 2
~0.004 2
~0.005

525 (2) Rectangular light emitting surface of fiber laser: 100 II.3
3
~0.0063
~0.007

5
4 ~0.008
1X111x25 2 (3) Numerical aperture of fiber laser output 4 ~0.009

X 5 -0.010 5 ^^68

beam: 0.15 (4) Laser glare area is achieved at 100~20.111 glare distance

1 111X5 0.525 0 1X10 31 0.000 0 0.00001

Ten days.010 51*8*68,11^15=0.002 1
00 -0•050 0
16 0 Linon A8 = 0.003:

111; (5)Optical system length: V 65 01111.

Figure 2 Collimator lens group wavefront diagram

2 Optical system design

The fiber laser collimator is a small aberration system, and the optical transfer function

2.1 Design of fiber laser collimator can be used to evaluate the design quality. As shown in Figure 3, the transfer function curves of

each field of view are close to the diffraction limit, which meets the design requirements.

As shown in Table 1, a fiber laser with a wavelength of 525 nm and a numerical aperture

of .15 is used, and the light-emitting surface is 100 ×111×25 ×111. The peak power of the fiber

Work 100 days 1063

laser is relatively high, and compared with the general optical system , the overall performance

requirements of the optical system are higher. Therefore, it is required that each optical
.name

component has a high light loss threshold, small thermal deformation, and no cemented lens is used.
5
Table 1 Design indexes of fiber laser collimator group

Indicator
parameter

wavelength
525 01)1 Figure 3 Optical transfer function curve of collimator lens group

Numerical aperture of the light

100 (1111x25 white 111

beam emitted from the rectangular luminous surface

0.15 2.2 Design of zoom beam expansion system

Divergence angle corresponding to the long side of the luminous surface 16 III Field (1

The optical fiber laser output beam is collimated into a parallel beam by a In order to adjust the divergence angle of the output beam of the collimator lens group, a variable

collimator. The optical fiber collimator generally uses aspherical lenses, which have magnification beam expansion system needs to be set behind the collimator lens group. The beam expansion ratio

better collimation effect than spherical lenses, but have the problem of high processing of the beam expansion system is inversely proportional to the divergence angle of the output beam. The higher

cost. In order to reduce the processing cost, the collimator uses three spherical lenses the beam expansion ratio , the smaller the divergence angle of the output beam and the smaller the glare area;

, as shown in Figure 1 , with a maximum aperture of at least 4.2 1X11110 the lower the beam expansion ratio, the larger the divergence angle of the output beam and the larger the glare area.

The length of the long side of the rectangular light-emitting surface of the fiber laser is 100.

After being collimated by the collimating lens group, the divergence angle of the outgoing light beam is

16. A 2x beam expander lens is also set behind it, and the divergence angle of the outgoing light beam

is

83. At a distance of 100 ÿm , the corresponding length of the long side of the rectangular light-emitting

surface is about 1 ÿm; if a 4x beam expander lens is set behind it, the divergence angle of the outgoing

Figure 1 Fiber laser collimator assembly

light beam is 4. At a distance of 200 ÿm, the corresponding length of the long side of the rectangular light-
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emitting surface is still about 1 ÿm.

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Issue 6 Cai Zhen et al.: Optical system design of laser dazzler twenty three

The design parameters of the zoom beam expansion system are proposed, as shown in Table 2.
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Table 2 Design parameters of zoom beam expansion system ~0,003 3
~0.005 0
~0.006 7
0 ~0,008 3

index parameter -0.0100 -

0.011 6 -
0.013 3 -
0.015 0 -
0.016 6

wavelength
525 0111 -1.0
-1.0 0 1.0
(1161.1111115) (Electricity 1•II11115)
Variable beam expansion ratio 2~4 times
0.525 0 is 0.5700 (plus 8) or
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Human beam diameter 2 0101

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0.039 3
0.031 6
0.023 8 0.016 0
0.008 3
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large incident laser beam apertures and small outgoing laser beam apertures . This type 8-0•0305-0•0383

of system generally has a fixed beam expansion ratio and contains aspheric optical

mirrors , with high processing costs and cumbersome assembly and adjustment Surface (Ming 1.1) 0118)

0.5250 Cape break 0.5700 ((1 stay)

processes. Refractive beam expansion systems are divided into Kepler systems and 5
10 , the same old corpse 0.077
05=0.011 9

6 8111^300:11110^6

Galileo systems. The Kepler system has a laser focus point, and air breakdown will occur

Figure 5: Wavelength diagram of each beam expansion ratio in the variable magnification beam expansion system
when a strong laser is focused , and optical components are easily damaged. The Galileo

system has a virtual focus, and there is no air breakdown problem. The refractive system When the beam is expanded 4 times, the off-axis point value is 0.267 7 6 ; when the beam is

is easy to assemble and has high practical value. expanded 3.5 times, the off-axis point /V value is 0.149 1 book; when the beam is expanded 3 times,

Adopting the refractive beam expansion form , the variable magnification beam expansion
the off-axis point correction value is 0.057 6 %; when the beam is expanded 2.3 times, the off-axis point

system is designed, as shown in Figure 4, which can achieve 2~4 times beam expansion. By changing
value is 0.016 6 nine; when the beam is expanded 2 times, the off-axis point correction value is 0.077 6

the beam expansion ratio, the divergence angle of the optical system output beam is adjusted to make
morning, all of which meet the wavefront requirements of the laser dazzler beam expansion system.

the long side of the laser glare area within the laser glare distance of 100-200 111 , and maintain a

constant value of 1 01 . 2.3 Combination of collimator and beam expander

The collimating lens group is combined with the variable magnification beam expansion system

to form a laser dazzler optical system, as shown in FIG6 .

Cell 0 0 mouth

I 1 1 1

1 1 50 0101
50 111111

Figure 4 beam expansion system

The wave surface diagrams of various beam expansion ratios of the variable magnification beam expansion system are shown in Figure 5. Figure 6 Laser dazzler optical system

The main parameters of the laser dazzler optical system are shown in Table 3.

Table 3 Main parameters of laser dazzler optical system

parameter

Specifications Wavelength Fiber laser

525 11111
numerical aperture Fiber laser rectangular light emitting surface

0.15
100 1101x25 |1111
1 ^08,151*18=0.031
4 7ÿÿÿ
9

0.5700((168) 1
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System length 63 01111

Variable beam expansion ratio

2~4 times
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twenty four Optoelectronics Technology Application Volume 38

The wavefront diagram of the laser dazzler optical system is shown in Figure

7. At a distance of 100 °, the static glare area of the laser is 1111 ×0.24× 10, and Engineering 1002

the V value is 0.0627 ; at a distance of 200 °, the static glare area of the laser is still
ÿ0

101 ×0.24 ×10, and the V value is 0.1864 , both of which meet the requirements of
2 Electric 02

the laser dazzler optical system for wavefront.

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Figure 8 Optical transfer function curve of laser dazzler optical system

Figure 7 Wave surface diagram of laser dazzler optical system

2.4 Galvanometer Scanning

The smaller the wave aberration of the optical system, the closer the optical transfer function

is to the diffraction limit, indicating that the design quality of the optical system is better. The optical The optical galvanometer has the advantages of small moment of inertia, fast

transfer function curve of the designed laser dazzler optical system is shown in Figure 8. They are all scanning speed, high scanning accuracy, short response time, and high natural frequency.

close to the diffraction limit and meet the design requirements. It is a key component of the laser scanning system. The galvanometer is a high-precision,

high-speed servo control system composed of a drive board and a swing motor. The

swing motor swings the angle according to the input position signal and a certain voltage

and angle conversion ratio to achieve galvanometer scanning. Galvanometer laser

scanning has been widely used in laser marking, medical diagnosis, laser processing and

other fields2? Figure 9 shows a laser dazzler optical system with scanning
0 1.2 2.4 3.6 4.8 6.0 7.2 8.4 9.6 10.8 12.0 0^11131.com
No.11611(ÿÿ10 (5ÿ65 1361 1111- function. (Continued on page 81)