CHAPTER -12 (ATOM)

1. The radius of 2nd orbit of He+ of Bohr's model is r1 and that of fourth orbit of Be3+
is represented as r2. Now the ratio r2/r1 is x: 1. The value of x is_______
2. Assertion Bohr had to postulate that the electrons in stationary orbits around the
nucleus do not radiate.
Reason :According to classical physics all moving electrons radiate.
3. For hydrogen atom, λ1 and λ2 are the wavelengths corresponding to the transitions 1
and 2 respectively as shown in figure. Find the ratio of λ1 and λ2 .

4. Using Bohr’s postulates, derive the expression for the frequency and wavelength of
radiation emitted when electron in hydrogen atom undergoes transition from higher
energy state (quantum number ni) to the lower state (nf).
When electron in hydrogen atom jumps from energy state ni = 4 to nf = 3, 2, 1,
identify the spectral series to which the emission lines belong
5. a. Draw the ray diagram showing the refraction of light through a glass prism and
hence obtain the relation between the refractive index of the prism, angle of prism and
angle of minimum deviation.
b. Determine the value of the angle of incidence for a ray of light travelling from a
medium of refractive index n 1 = root 2 into the medium of refractive index n = 1, so
that it just grazes along the surface of separation.
6. (a) Use the energy level diagram shown below to obtain the relation between three
wavelengths and emitted due to the transition of electron from the energy states C and B.

(b) Write the basic features of the photon picture of electromagnetic radiation on which
Einstein's photoelectric equation is based.
According to the third postulate of Bohr’s model, when an atom makes a transition from the higher energy
state with quantum number ni to the lower energy state with quantum number nf (nf < ni), the difference of
energy is carried away by a photon of frequency ν such that hν = Eni – Enf. Since both nf and ni are integers
this immediately shows that in transitions between different atomic levels, light is radiated in various discret
frequencies. For hydrogen spectrum, the Balmer formula corresponds to nf = 2 and ni = 3, 4, 5 etc. The
results of the Bohr’s model suggested the presence of other series spectra for hydrogen atom–those
corresponding to transitions resulting from nf = 1 and ni = 2, 3, etc; nf = 3 and ni = 4, 5, etc. and so on. Such
 series were identified in the course of spectroscopic investigations and are known as the Lyman, Balmer,
Paschen, Brackett, and Pfund series. The electronic transitions corresponding to these series are shown in
Fig. The various lines in the atomic spectra are produced when electrons jump from higher energy state to a
lower energy state and photons are emitted. These spectral lines are called emission lines. But when an atom
absorbs a photon that has precisely the same energy needed by the electron in a lower energy state to make
transitions to a higher energy state, the process is called absorption. Thus if photons with a continuous range
of frequencies pass through a rarefied gas and then are analysed with a spectrometer, a series of dark spectra
absorption lines appear in the continuous spectrum. The dark lines indicate the frequencies that have been
absorbed by the atoms of the gas. The explanation of the hydrogen atom spectrum provided by Bohr’s mode
was a brilliant achievement, which greatly stimulated progress towards the modern quantum theory.

The series of spectrum when electron jumps from n = 5 to n = 3 is

a) Lymen b) Balmer c) Paschen d) Bracket

Balmer series is obtained when electron transits from

a) n = 1,2,3, … to n = 5 b) n = 3,4,5 … to n = 2 c) n = 1,2,3, … to n = 4 d) n = 1,2,3, … to n = 6

What is the maximum energy of photon in emission spectrum of hydrogen atom a) 13.6 eV b) 1.36 eV c) 1.5
eV d) 1Ev
which series has waves of maximum frequency
(a) 2nd spectral line of Balmer Series
(b) 2nd spectral line of Paschen series
(c) 5th spectral line of lymen series
(d) Ist spectral line of Lymen series .
6. (a) A 12.5 eV electron beam is used to bombard gaseous hydrogen at room
temperature. What series of wavelengths will be emitted?(b) The total energy of
an electron in the first excited state of the hydrogen atom is about –3.4 eV.(a)
What is the kinetic energy of the electron in this state?
(b) What is the potential energy of the electron in this state?(c) Which of the
answers above would
7. change if the choice of the zero of potential energy is changed?
8. Which state of the triply ionised beryllium (Be3+) has the same orbital radius as that of
the ground state of hydrogen
9. How the size of a nucleus is experimentally determined? Write the relation between
the radius and mass number of the nucleus. Show that the density of the nucleus is
independent of its mass number.
10. In a Geiger-Marsden experiment, calculate the distance of the closest approach to the
nucleus of Z = 80, when an -particle of 8 MeV energy impinges on it before it comes
to momentarily rest and reverses its direction. How will the distance of the closest
approach be affected when the kinetic energy of the -particle is doubled?
11. If the electron revolving in the 3rd Bohr’s orbit of Hydrogen species has a radius is R.
Then what will be its radius in the 4th orbit in terms of R?
1) (25/9)R 2) (16/9)R 3) (36/9)R 4) (9/16)R
13. Find the ratio of the kinetic energy and the potential energy in the 5th excited state of a
hydrogen atom
14. The angular momentum for the electron in Bohr's orbit is L. If the electron is assumed to
revolve in second orbit of hydrogen atom, then the change in angular momentum will be
(1) L/2 (2) zero (3) L (4) 2L
15. When the electron orbiting in hydrogen atom in its ground state moves to the third excited
state, show how the de Broglie wavelength associated with it would be affected.
15.

1.

18.
1.

2.

3.

4.
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6.

7. The energy of an electron in an excited hydrogen atom is –3.4eV. Its angular

momentum is;
(1) 3.72 × 10–34 Js (2) 2.11 × 10–34 Js (3) 1.57 × 10–34 Js (4) 1.11 × 10–34 Js
8.
In hydrogen atom, the electron is moving round the nucleus with velocity 2.18 × 106 m/s in
an orbit of radius 0.528Å. The acceleration of the electron is; (1) 9 × 1018 m/s2 (2) 9 × 1022
m/s2 (3) 9 × 10–22 m/s2 (4) 9 × 1012 m/s2

(2) In Bohr’s model of hydrogen atom, which of the following pairs of quantities are
quantized?
(3) (1) Energy and linear momentum (2) Linear and angular momentum
(4) (3) Energy and angular momentum (4) None of the above
9.

28.

The ratio for the speed of the electron in the 3rd orbit of He to the speed of the electron in the
3rd orbit of hydrogen atom will be :
(A) 1:1 (B) 1:2 (C) 4:1 (D) 2:1

29.

speed of an electron in Bohr’s 7th orbit for Hydrogen atom is 3.6 x 106 m/s. The
corresponding speed of the electron in 3rd orbit, in m/s is (1) (1.8 x 106) (2) (7.5 x 106) (3)
(3.6 x 106) (4) (8.4 x 106)

30.

Also which one has maximum and minimum wavelength .

32.

(a) Find the ratio of energies of photons produced due to transition of an electron of hydrogen
atom from its (i) second permitted energy level to the first level, and (ii) the highest permitted
energy level to the first permitted level.

(b) A hydrogen atom in is ground state absorbs 10.2 eV of energy.find increase in angular
momentum of electron of the hydrogen atom

: (Given, Plank’s constant = 6.6 × 10–34 Js)

33.
The impact parameter for an alpha particle approaching a target nucleus is maximum when the
scattering angle ( ) is : (a) 0 (b) 90 (c) 180 (d) 45

34

(i) An electron in a hydrogen atom jumps from second excited state to the first excited state. Name
the spectral series in the spectrum of hydrogen atom to which the emitted radiation

belongs.

35

(i) An -particle having kinetic energy K approaches a nucleus of atomic number Z. It gets close to the
nucleus and then approaches a distance (d) and reverses its direction. Obtain an expression for the
distance of closest approach (d) in terms of kinetic energy of the -particle. (ii) A proton and an alpha
particle approach a target nucleus in head-on position, with equal velocities. Find the ratio of their
distances of closest approach to the target nucleus.

36(a) In Geiger-Marsden experiment, the distance of closest approach is considerably larger than the
sum of the radii of the gold nucleus and the -particle. Explain. (b) The total energy of hydrogen atom
in a state is 3·4 eV. What are the kinetic and potential energies of the electron in this state ?

37(a) How did de Broglie hypothesis provide an explanatisecond postulate for quantisation of orbital
angular momentum of the orbiting electron in hydrogen atom ? Discuss. (b) Identify the transition
of electron in Bohr model which gives rise to (i) the maximum, and (ii) the minimum wavelength in
Balmerseries of hydrogen spectrum.

38 The energy of a hydrogen atom in the first excited state is 3·4 eV. Find : (a) the radius of this
orbit. (Take Bohr radius = 0·53 Å) (b) the angular momentum of the electron in the orbit. (c) the
kinetic and potential energy of the electron in the orbit.

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57

The wavelength of the first line of Lyman series for hydrogen atom is equal to that of the
second line of Balmer series tor a hydrogen like ion. The atomic number Z of hydrogen like
ion is

(a) 3 (b) 4 (c) 1 (d) 2

58 In hydrogen spectrum, the shortest wavelength in the Balmer series is λ. The shortest
wavelength in the bracket series is :
 (1) 4 λ (2) 9 λ (3) 16 λ (4) 2 λ

59 Let R1 be the radius of the second stationary orbit and R 2 be the radius of the fourth stationary
orbit of an electron in Bohr's model. FindThe ratio R1/R2

60 A nucleus of mass number 189 splits into two nuclei having mass number 125 and 64. The
ratio of radius of two daughter nuclei respectively is:

(1) 4 : 5 (2) 5 : 4 (3) 25 : 16 (4) 1 : 1

61 The ratio of kinetic energy to the total energy of an electron in a Bohr orbit of the
hydrogen atom, is :-

(1) 1 : 1 (2) 1 : –1 (3) 2 : –1 (4) 1 : –2

62 The ratio of wavelengths of the last line of Balmer series and the last line of Lyman series is :-
(1) 1 (2) 4 π (3) 0.5 (4) 2

63 If an electron in a hydrogen atom jumps from the 3rd orbit to the 2nd orbit, it emits a
photon of wavelength λ. When it jumps from the 4th orbit to the 3rd orbit, the corresponding
wavelength of the photon will be

(a) 16/25 λ (b) 9/16 λ (c) 20/7 λ (d) 20/13 λ

64 In the spectrum of hydrogen, the ratio of the longest wavelength in the Lyman series to the
longest wavelength in the Balmer series is

(a) 27/5 (b) 5/27 (c) 4/9 (d) 9/4

65 The binding energy per nucleon of and nuclei are 5.60 MeV and 7.06 MeV respectively.
In the nuclear reaction

66 How does the Binding Energy per nucleon vary with the increase in the number of
nucleons?
(a) Decrease continuously with mass number.

(b) First decreases and then increases with increase in mass number.

(c) First increases and then decreases with increase in mass number.

(d) Increases continuously with mass number

67 An electron in a hydrogen atom makes a transition from n = n1 to n = n2. The time period
of the electron in the initial state is eight times that in the final state. The possible values of
n1 and n2 are

(a) n1 = 4, n2 = 2 (b) n1 = 8, n2 = 2 (c) n1 = 8, n2 = 1 (d) n1 = 6, n2 = 3

68 Electron in hydrogen atom first jumps from third excited state to second excited state and
then from second excited to the first excited state.The ratio of the wavelengths λ1 : λ 2
emitted in the two cases :

(a) 27/5 (b) 20/7 (c) 7/5 (d) 27/20