26

Atoms P-449

Atoms
4. An a-particle of energy 5 MeV is scattered through 180º by a
Atomic Structure and
TOPIC 1 fixed uranium nucleus. The distance of closest approach is of
Rutherford's Nuclear Model the order of [2004]
1. The graph which depicts the results of Rutherford gold (a) 10–12 cm (b) 10–10 cm
foil experiment with [8 Jan. 2020 I] (c) 10–14 cm (d) 10–15 cm
a-particles is:
q: Scattering angle
Y: Number of scattered a-particles detected
TOPIC 2 Bohr's Model and the Spectra
of the Hydrogen Atom
(Plots are schematic and not to scale)
5. A particle of mass 200 MeV/c2 collides with a hydrogen
atom at rest. Soon after the collision the particle comes
to rest, and the atom recoils and goes to its first excited
state. The initial kinetic energy of the particle (in eV)
(a) (b)
N
is . The value of N is : [NA Sep. 05, 2020 (I)]
4
(Given the mass of the hydrogen atom to be 1 GeV/c2)
6. In the line spectra of hydrogen atom, difference between
the largest and the shortest wavelengths of the Lyman
(c) (d) series is 304 Å. The corresponding difference for the
Paschan series in Å is : __________.
[NA Sep. 04, 2020 (I)]
2. In the Rutherford experiment, a-particles are scattered from 7. In a hydrogen atom the electron makes a transition from (n
a nucleus as shown. Out of the four paths, which path is + 1)th level to the nth level. If n >> 1, the frequency of
not possible? [Online May 7, 2012] radiation emitted is proportional to : [Sep. 02, 2020 (II)]
A 1 1
(a) (b)
n n3
B
1 1
(c) (d) 4
C n2 n
D 8. The energy required to ionise a hydrogen like ion in its
ground state is 9 Rydbergs. What is the wavelength of
(a) D (b) B (c) C (d) A the radiation emitted when the electron in this ion jumps
from the second excited state to the ground state?
1 2 [9 Jan. 2020 II]
3. An alpha nucleus of energy mv bombards a heavy
2 (a) 24.2 nm (b) 11.4 nm
nuclear target of charge Ze. Then the distance of closest (c) 35.8 nm (d) 8.6 nm
approach for the alpha nucleus will be proportional to 9. The first member of the Balmer series of hydrogen atom
[2006]
has a wavelength of 6561 Å. The wavelength of the
1 1 1 second member of the Balmer series (in nm) is ______.
(a) v 2 (b) (c) 2 (d) [NA 8 Jan. 2020 II]
m v Ze
P-450 Physics

10. The time period of revolution of electron in its ground 19. In a hydrogen like atom, when an electron jumps from the
state orbit in a hydrogen atom is 1.6 ´ 10–16 s. The M-shell to the L-shell, the wavelength of emitted radiation
frequency of revolution of the electron in its first excited is l. If an electron jumps from N-shell to the L-shell, the
state (in s–1) is: [7 Jan. 2020 I] wavelength of emitted radiation will be: [11 Jan 2019 II]
(a) 1.6 ´ 1014 (b) 7.8 ´ 1014 27 16 25 20
(a) l (b) l (c) l (d) l
(c) 6.2 ´ 1015 (d) 5.6 ´ 1012 20 25 16 27
11. An excited He+ ion emits two photons in succession, with 20. An electron from various excited states of hydrogen atom
wavelengths 108.5 nm and 30.4 nm, in making a transition emit radiation to come to the ground state. Let ln, lg be
to ground state. The quantum number n, corresponding the de Broglie wavelength of the electron in the nth state
to its initial excited state is (for photon of wavelength », and the ground state respectively. Let L n be the
wavelength of the emitted photon in the transition from
1240eV the nth state to the ground state. For large n, (A, B are
energy E = [12 April 2019 II]
l (innm) constants) [2018]
(a) n = 4 (b) n = 5 (c) n = 7 (d) n = 6 B
12. The electron in a hydrogen atom first jumps from the third (a) L n » A+ 2 (b) Ln » A + Bln
ln
excited state to the second excited state and subsequently
to the first excited state. The ratio of the respective (c) L 2n » A + B l 2n (d) L 2n » l
wavelengths, l1/ l2, of the photons emitted in this process
is : [12 April 2019 II] 21. If the series limit frequency of the Lyman series is v1, then
(a) 20/7 (b) 27/5 (c) 7/5 (d) 9/7 the series limit frequency of the P-fund series is :
13. Consider an electron in a hydrogen atom, revolving in its [2018]
second excited state (having radius 4.65 Å). The de-Broglie (a) 25 nL (b) 16 nL (c) nL/16 (d) nL/25
wavelength of this electron is : [12 April 2019 II] 22. The de-Broglie wavelength (lB) associated with the
(a) 3.5 Å (b) 6.6 Å (c) 12.9 Å (d) 9.7 Å electron orbiting in the second excited state of hydrogen
14. In Li++, electron in first Bohr orbit is excited to a level by a atom is related to that in the ground state (lG) by
radiation of wavelength l. When the ion gets deexcited [Online April 16, 2018]
to the ground state in all possible ways (including (a) lB = lG/3 (b) lB = lG/2
intermediate emissions), a total of six spectral lines are
(c) lB = 2lG (d) lB = 3lG
observed. What is the value of l ? [10 April 2019 II]
23. The energy required to remove the electron from a singly
(Given : h = 6.63×10–34 Js; c = 3 × 108 ms–1)
ionized Helium atom is 2.2 times the energy required to
(a) 11.4 nm (b) 9.4 nm (c) 12.3 nm (d) 10.8 nm
remove an electron from Helium atom. The total energy
15. Taking the wavelength of first Balmer line in hydrogen required to ionize the Helium atom completely is:
spectrum (n = 3 to n = 2) as 660 nm, the wavelength of the
[Online April 15, 2018]
2nd Balmer line (n = 4 to n = 2) will be; [9 April 2019 I]
(a) 889.2 nm (b) 488.9 nm (a) 20 eV (b) 79 eV (c) 109 eV (d) 34 eV
(c) 642.7 nm (d) 388.9 nm 24. Muon (m–1) is negatively charged ( q = e ) with a mass
16. A He+ ion is in its first excited state. Its ionization energy mm = 200me, where me is the mass of the electron and e is
is: [9 April 2019 II] the electronic charge. If m–1 is bound to a proton to form a
(a) 48.36 eV (b) 54.40 eV hydrogen like atom, identify the correct statements
(c) 13.60 eV (d) 6.04 eV [Online April 15, 2018]
17. Radiation coming from transitions n = 2 to n = 1 of (A) Radius of the muonic orbit is 200 times smaller than
hydrogen atoms fall on He+ ions in n = 1 and n = 2 states. that of the electron
The possible transition of helium ions as they absorb
1
energy from the radiation is : [8 April 2019 I] (B) the speed of the m–1 in the nth orbit is times
(a) n = 2 ® n = 3 (b) n = 1 ® n = 4 200
that of the election in the nth orbit
(c) n = 2 ® n = 5 (d) n = 2 ® n = 4
18. A hydrogen atom, initially in the ground state is excited (C) The lonization energy of muonic atom is 200 times
more than that of an hydrogen atom
by absorbing a photon of wavelength 980Å. The radius of
the atom in the excited state, in terms of Bohr radius a0, (D) The momentum of the muon in the nth orbit is 200
times more than that of the electron
will be: [11 Jan 2019 I]
(a) 25a0 (b) 9a0 (c) 16a0 (d) 4a0 (a) (A), (B), (D) (b) (B), (D)
(c) (C), (D) (d) (A), (C), (D)
Atoms P-451

25. Some energy levels of a molecule are shown in the figure. 31. If one were to apply Bohr model to a particle of mass ‘m’
The ratio of the wavelengths r = l1/l2, is given by and charge ‘q’ moving in a plane under the influence of a
[2017] magnetic field ‘B’, the energy of the charged particle in
the nth level will be : [Online April 10, 2015]

æ hqB ö æ hqB ö
(a) n çè ÷ (b) n çè ÷
2pm ø 8pm ø

æ hqB ö
(c) n æç
hqB ö
(d) n ç
è 4pm ÷ø è pm ÷ø
3 1 4 2 32. The radiation corresponding to 3 ® 2 transition of
(a) r = (b) r = (c) r = (d) r =
4 3 3 3 hydrogen atom falls on a metal surface to produce
26. The acceleration of an electron in the first orbit of the photoelectrons. These electrons are made to enter a
hydrogen atom (z = 1) is : [Online April 9, 2017] magnetic field of 3 × 10–4 T. If the radius of the largest
circular path followed by these electrons is 10.0 mm, the
h2 h2 work function of the metal is close to: [2014]
(a) (b)
p 2 m2 r 3 8p 2 m 2 r 3 (a) 1.8 eV (b) 1.1 eV
2 2
h h (c) 0.8 eV (d) 1.6 eV
(c) 2 2 3 (d) 2 3
4p m r 4 pm r 33. Hydrogen (1 H1), Deuterium ( 2
1H ), singly ionised Helium
27. According to Bohr’s theory, the time averaged magnetic
( He4 ) and doubly ionised lithium ( Li 6 )
+ ++
all have
field at the centre (i.e. nucleus) of a hydrogen atom due to 2 3

the motion of electrons in the nth orbit is proportional to : one electron around the nucleus. Consider an electron
(n = principal quantum number) [Online April 8, 2017] transition from n = 2 to n = 1. If the wavelengths of emitted
(a) n –4 (b) n –5 (c) n –3 (d) n –2 radiation are l1, l 2 , l3 and l 4 respectively then
28. A hydrogen atom makes a transition from n = 2 to n = 1 and approximately which one of the following is correct?
emits a photon. This photon strikes a doubly ionized lithium [2014]
atom (z = 3) in excited state and completely removes the
(a) 4l1 = 2l 2 = 2l 3 = l 4
orbiting electron. The least quantum number for the excited
state of the ion for the process is : (b) l1 = 2l 2 = 2l 3 = l 4
[Online April 9, 2016]
(c) l1 = l 2 = 4l3 = 9l4
(a) 2 (b) 4 (c) 5 (d) 3
29. As an electron makes a transition from an excited state to (d) l1 = 2l 2 = 3l3 = 4l4
the ground state of a hydrogen - like atom/ion : 34. Match List - I (Experiment performed) with List-II
[2015] (Phenomena discovered/associated) and select the correct
(a) kinetic energy decreases, potential energy increases option from the options given below the lists:
but total energy remains same [Online April 19, 2014]
(b) kinetic energy and total energy decrease but potential
energy increases List - I List - II
(c) its kinetic energy increases but potential energy and
total energy decrease (1) Davisson and Germer (i) Wave nature of
(d) kinetic energy, potential energy and total energy decrease experiment electrons
30. The de–Broglie wavelength associated with the electron (2) Millikan's oil drop (ii) Charge of an electron
in the n = 4 level is : [Online April 11, 2015] experiment
1 (3) Rutherford (iii) Quantisation of
(a) th of the de–Broglie wavelength of the electron experiment energy levels
4
in the ground state. (4) Franck-Hertz (iv) Existence of nucleus
(b) four times the de–Broglie wavelength of the electron experiment
in the ground state
(c) two times the de–Broglie wavelength of the electron (a) (1)-(i), (2)-(ii), (3)-(iii), (4)-(iv)
in the ground state (b) (1)-(i), (2)-(ii), (3)-(iv), (4)-(iii)
(d) half of the de–Broglie wavelength of the electron in (c) (1)-(iii), (2)-(iv), (3)-(i), (4)-(ii)
the ground state
(d) (1)-(iv), (2)-(iii), (3)-(ii), (4)-(i)
P-452 Physics

35. The binding energy of the electron in a hydrogen atom is 42. A diatomic molecule is made of two masses m1 and m2
13.6 eV, the energy required to remove the electron from which are separated by a distance r. If we calculate its
the first excited state of Li++ is: [Online April 9, 2014] rotational energy by applying Bohr's rule of angular
(a) 122.4 eV (b) 30.6 eV momentum quantization, its energy will be given by : (n is
(c) 13.6 eV (d) 3.4 eV an integer) [2012]
36. Ina hydrogen like atom electron make transition from an (m1 + m2 )2 n2 h 2 n2 h 2
energy level with quantum number n to another with (a) (b)
quantum number (n – 1). If n>>1, the frequency of 2m12 m22 r 2 2(m1 + m2 )r 2
radiation emitted is proportional to : [2013]
2n 2 h 2 (m1 + m2 )n2 h2
1 1 1 1 (c) (d)
(a) (b) (c) (d) (m1 + m2 )r 2 2m1m2 r 2
n n2 n3 n3
2 43. Which of the plots shown in the figure represents speed
37. A 12.5 eV electron beam is used to bombard gaseous (vn) of the electron in a hydrogen atom as a function of the
hydrogen at room temperature. It will emit : principal quantum number (n)? [Online May 26, 2012]
[Online April 25, 2013]
(a) 2 lines in the Lyman series and 1 line in the Balmar
series
(b) 3 lines in the Lyman series
(c) 1 line in the Lyman series and 2 lines in the Balmar series
(d) 3 lines in the Balmer series
38. In the Bohr’s model of hydrogen-like atom the force
between the nucleus and the electron is modified as

e2 æ 1 b ö
F= ç + ÷ , where b is a constant. For this atom,
4pe0 è r 2 r 3 ø
(a) B (b) D (c) C (d) A
the radius of the nth orbit in terms of the Bohr radius
44. A doubly ionised Li atom is excited from its ground state
æ e h2 ö (n = 1) to n = 3 state. The wavelengths of the spectral lines
ç a0 = 0 ÷ is : [Online April 23, 2013] are given by l32, l31 and l21. The ratio l32/l31 and
ç mp e 2 ÷
è ø l21/l31 are, respectively [Online May 12, 2012]
(a) rn = a0n – b (b) rn = a0n2 + b (a) 8.1, 0.67 (b) 8.1, 1.2
(c) rn = a0n – b
2 (d) rn = a0n + b (c) 6.4, 1.2 (d) 6.4, 0.67
39. Orbits of a particle moving in a circle are such that the 45. A hypothetical atom has only three energy levels. The
perimeter of the orbit equals an integer number of de- ground level has energy, E1 = – 8 eV. The two excited
Broglie wavelengths of the particle. For a charged states have energies, E2 = – 6 eV and E3 = – 2 eV. Then
particle moving in a plane perpendicular to a magnetic which of the following wavelengths will not be present in
field, the radius of the nth orbital will therefore be the emission spectrum of this atom?
proportional to : [Online April 22, 2013]
[Online May 12, 2012]
(a) n 2 (b) n (c) n 1/2 (d) n 1/4 (a) 207 nm (b) 465 nm
40. In the Bohr model an electron moves in a circular orbit around (c) 310 nm (d) 620 nm
the proton. Considering the orbiting electron to be a circular
current loop, the magnetic moment of the hydrogen atom, 46. The electron of a hydrogen atom makes a transition from
when the electron is in nth excited state, is : the (n + 1) th orbit to the nth orbit. For large n the
wavelength of the emitted radiation is proportional to
[Online April 9, 2013]
[Online May 7, 2012]
æ e n2 h ö æ e ö nh (a) n (b) n 3 (c) n 4 (d) n 2
(a) ç ÷ (b) ç ÷
ç 2m 2p ÷ è m ø 2p 47. Energy required for the electron excitation in Li++ from the
è ø
2
first to the third Bohr orbit is : [2011]
æ e ö nh æ e ön h (a) 36.3 eV (b) 108.8 eV
(c) ç ÷ (d) ç ÷
è 2m ø 2p è m ø 2p (c) 122.4 eV (d) 12.1 eV
41. Hydrogen atom is excited from ground state to another 48. The transition from the state n = 4 to n = 3 in a hydrogen
state with principal quantum number equal to 4. Then the
like atom results in ultraviolet radiation. Infrared
number of spectral lines in the emission spectra will be :
[2012] radiation will be obtained in the transition from : [2009]
(a) 2 (b) 3 (c) 5 (d) 6 (a) 3 ® 2 (b) 4 ® 2 (c) 5 ® 4 (d) 2 ® 1
Atoms P-453

49. Suppose an electron is attracted towards the origin by a n=4

n =3
k
force where ‘k’ is a constant and ‘r’ is the distance of
r n=2
the electron from the origin. By applying Bohr model to
this system, the radius of the nth orbital of the electron
is found to be ‘rn’ and the kinetic energy of the electron n =1
I II III IV
to be ‘Tn’. Then which of the following is true? [2008]
(a) IV (b) III (c) II (d) I
1 2
(a) Tn µ 2 , rn µ n 52. The wavelengths involved in the spectrum of deuterium
n
(b) Tn independent of n, rn µ n
1
( D)
2
1 are slightly different from that of hydrogen
(c) Tn µ , rn µ n spectrum, because [2003]
n
(a) the size of the two nuclei are different
1 2 (b) the nuclear forces are different in the two cases
(d) Tn µ 3 , rn µ n
n (c) the masses of the two nuclei are different
50. Which of the following transitions in hydrogen atoms emit (d) the attraction between the electron and the nucleus
photons of highest frequency? [2007] is differernt in the two cases
(a) n = 1 to n = 2 (b) n = 2 to n = 6 53. If 13.6 eV energy is required to ionize the hydrogen atom, then
(c) n = 6 to n = 2 (d) n = 2 to n = 1 the energy required to remove an electron from n = 2 is
[2002]
51. The diagram shows the energy levels for an electron in a
certain atom. Which transition shown represents the (a) 10.2 eV (b) 0 eV
emission of a photon with the most energy? [2005] (c) 3.4 eV (d) 6.8 eV
P-454 Physics

1. (c) 6. (10553.14)
2. (c) As a-particles are doubly ionised helium He++ i.e. From Bohr's formula for hydrogen atom,
Positively charged and nucleus is also positively charged
and we know that like charges repel each other. 1 æ 1 1 ö
3. (b) Work done to stop the a particle is equal to K.E. = Rç 2 - 2 ÷
l ç ÷
è n1 n2 ø
1 2 K (Ze) 1 2
\ qV = mv Þ q ´ = mv
2 r 2 R = 1.097 ´ 107 m –1

2(2e) K ( Ze) 4 KZe

2 For Lyman series :
Þr= 2
= 2
mv mv 1
= R (1) = R Q n2 = ¥ and n1 = 1
l min .
1 1
Þrµ
2
and r µ .
v m 1 ì 1 ü 3R
= R í1 - ý = Q n1 = 2, n1 = 1
4. (a) Distance of closest approach l max. î 4þ 4
Ze(2e)
r0 = 4 1 1
æ 1 2ö \ l max. - l min. = - = = 304 (Given)
4pe 0 ç mv ÷ 3R R 3R
è2 ø
For Paschen series :
Energy, E = 5 ´ 106 ´ 1.6 ´ 10-19 J
æ 1ö æ1 1 ö 7R
9 -19 -19 l 'min. = R ç ÷ and l 'max. = R ç - ÷ =
\ r0 = 9 ´ 10 ´ (92 ´ 1.6 ´ 10 ) (2 ´ 1.6 ´ 10 ) è 9ø è 9 16 ø 16 ´ 9
5 ´ 106 ´ 1.6 ´ 10-19
16 ´ 9 9 81
Þ rh = 5.2 ´ 10
- 14
m = 5.3 × 10–12 cm l 'max. - l min.
'
= - =
7R R 7R

5. (51) 81 81 ´ 3 81 ´ 3
or, l 'max. - l 'min. = = = ´ 304
Before collision After collision 7 R 7 ´ 3R 7
Rest Rest æ 1 ö
v v' çèQ = 304Å÷
ø
m 5m m 5m 3R

Particle Hydrogen Particle Hydrogen \ For Pachen series, l 'max. - l min.

'
= 10553.14
From linear momentum conservation, Li = Lf 7. (b) Total energy of electron in nth orbit of hydrogen atom
v Rhc
mV + 0 = 0 + 5mV ' Þ V ' = En = -
5 n2
2
Total energy of electron in (n + 1)th level of hydrogen atom
1 2 1 æ vö
Loss of KE = KEi - KE f = mv - (5m) ç ÷ Rhc
2 2 è 5ø En +1 = -
( n + 1)2
1 2 æ 1 ö 4 æ mv 2 ö When electron makes a transition from (n + 1)th level to nth
= mv ç1 - ÷ = ç
2 è 5 ø 5 è 2 ÷ø level
Change in energy,
4 DE = En +1 - En
=
KEi = 10.2 eV
5
é1 1 ù
[Q Energy in first excited state of atom = 10.2 eV] hn = Rhc × ê 2 - ú (Q E = hn)
ën (n + 1)2 û
N
KEi = 12.75eV= Þ N = 51
4 é (n + 1) 2 - n 2 ù
n = R×c ê 2 2 ú
The value of N = 51. ë n (n + 1) û
Atoms P-455

11. (b) E = E1 + E2
é 1 + 2n ù
n = R×c ê 2 2ú z 2 1240 1240
ë n (n + 1) û 13.6 2 = +
n l1 l2
For n > > 1
é 2n ù 2 RC 13.6(2) 2 æ 1 1 ö 1
Þ n = R×c ê 2 = 3 or = 1240 ç + ÷ø ´ -9
ë n ´ n 2 úû n n 2 è 108.5 30.4 10
On solving, n = 5
1
Þnµ 1 æ 1 1ö
n3 12. (a) = R ç - ÷ = 7R
8. (b) According to Bohr's Theory the wavelength of the l1 è 32 42 ø 16 ´ 9
radiation emitted from hydrogen atom is given by
1 æ 1 1 ö 5R
= Rç -
1 é1 1ù
And
l2 è 22 32 ÷ø = 36
= RZ 2 ê 2 – 2 ú
l ëê n1 n2 úû l1 (5R / 36) 20
Q Z= 3 Now l = =
2 7 R / (16 ´ 9) 7
1 æ 1ö
\ = 9 R ç1 – ÷ c c
l è 9ø 13. (d) v = =
137 n 137 ´ 3
1 1
Þ l= = (R = 10973731.6 m–1) h h h h
8 R 8 ´ 10973731.6 l = p = mv = æ m ´ c ö = mc ´ (3 ´ 137) = 9.7 Å
Þ l = 11.39 nm çè ÷
9. (486.00) 3 ´ 137 ø
The wavelength of the spectral line of hydrogen spectrum 14. (d) Spectral lines obtained on account of transition from
is given by formula
n(n - 1)
æ 1 ö nth orbit to various lower orbits is
1 1 2
= Rç – ÷
l çè n2f ni2 ÷ø n(n - 1)
Þ6=
Where, R = Rydberg constant 2
For the first member of Balmer series nF = 2, ni = 3 Þn=4
1 æ 1 1ö hc –Z 2
\ =Rç 2 – 2÷ ...(i) DE = = 2 (13.6eV )
l è2 3 ø l n
For last member of Balmer series, nf = 2, ni = 4
1 é1 1 ù 1 æ 13.6eV ö æ 1 1ö
=Rê – ú Þ = Z2 ç ÷ ç 2 – 2÷
So,
l'
...(ii) l è hc ø è n2 n1 ø
ë 4 16 û
Dividing (i) by (ii), we get
é 1ù
l¢ 5 ´ 16 = (13.4)(3)2 ê1 - ú eV
Þ = ë 16 û
l 9´ 4´3
1242 ´ 16
5 ´ 4 ´ 656.1 Þl= nm ; 10.8nm
Þ l' = (nm) = 486 nm (13.4) ´ (9)(15)
9´3
10. (b) For first excited state n' = 3 1 æ 1 1 ö 5R
= -R ç - =
n 3
15. (b)
l1 è 2 2 32 ÷ø 36
Time period T µ 2
z 1 æ 1 1 ö 3R
= Rç - =
T2 n ' 3 l2 è 22 42 ÷ø 16
Þ =
T1 n3 l 2 80
\ =
\ T2 = 8T1 = 8 × 1.6 × 10–16s l1 108
1 1
\ Frequency, v = T = 80 80
8 ´ 1.6 ´ 10 –16 l2 = l1 = ´ 660 = 488.9 nm.
2 108 108
» 7.8 × 1014 Hz
P-456 Physics

Since n is very large, using binomial theorem

Z2
16. (c) En = -13.6 2 1 æ 1 ö
n Ln = ç1 + ÷
RZ 2 è n 2 ø
+ -13.6(2) 2
For He , E2 = = -13.60eV 1 1 æ 1 ö
22 Ln = 2
+ ç ÷
RZ RZ 2 è n 2 ø
Ionization energy = 0 – E2 = 13.60 eV
17. (d) Energy released by hydrogen atom for transition 2 pr æ n 2h 2 ö 1
n = 2 to n = 1 As we know, l n = n = 2p çç 2 2 ÷÷
µn
è 4 p mZe ø n
æ1 1ö 3
\ DE1 = 13.6 ´ ç 2 - 2 ÷ = ´ 13.6 eV B
è1 2 ø 4 Ln » A +
l n2
= 10.2 eV
This energy is absorbed by He+ ion in transition from 21. (d) hnL = E ¥ - E1 ...(i)
n = 2 to n = n1 (say) hnf = E ¥ - E5 ...(ii)
æ1 1 ö 2
\ DE2 = 13.6 ´ 4 ´ ç - 2 ÷ = 10.2 eV z2 E5 æ 1 ö 1
ç4 n ÷ Eµ Þ =ç ÷ =
è 1 ø n2 E1 è 5 ø 25
Þ n1 = 4
hn L E1
So, possible transition is n = 2 ® n = 4 Eqn (i) / (ii) Þ =
hn f E 5
hc 12500
18. (3) Energy of photon = = = 12.75eV n L 25 n
l 980 Þ = Þ nf = L
Energy of electron in n th orbit is given by nf 1 25
h
–13.6 é 1 –1 ù 22. (d) de-Broglie wavelength, l =
En = Þ E n – E1 = –13.6 ê 2 2 ú P
n2 ën 1 û
l B Pa mvG
= =
é 1 –1 ù l G PB mv B
Þ12.75 = 13.6 ê 2 2 ú Þ n = 4
ë1 n û z
Speed of electron V µ
\ Electron will excite to n = 4 n
We know that ‘R’ µ n2
lB n B 3
\ Radius of atom will be 16a0 so = = Þ l B = 3l G
lG nG 1
19. (d) When electron jumps from M ® L shell
23. (b) Energy required to remove e– from singly ionized
1 æ 1 1 ö K´5
= Kç 2 - 2 ÷ = ..... (i)
l è2 3 ø 36 (13.6)Z 2
helium atom = = 54.4 eV (Q Z = 2)
When eletron jumps from N ® L shell 12
Energy required to remove e– from helium atom = x eV
1 æ 1 1 ö K´3 According to question, 54.4 eV = 2.2x Þ x = 24.73 eV
=Kç 2 - 2 ÷ = ....(ii)
l' è2 4 ø 16 Therefore, energy required to ionize helium atom
solving equation (i) and (ii) we get = (54.4 + 24.73) eV = 79.12 eV

20 Radius of hydrogen
l' = l 24. (d) (A) Radius of muon =
27 200
20. (a) Wavelength of emitted photon from nth state to the Î0 n2h2
ground state, Radius of H atom = r =
pme2
1 æ1 1 ö
= RZ 2 ç 2 - 2 ÷ Î0 n 2 h 2
Ln è1 n ø Radius of muon = rm =
p ´ 200 me2
-1
1 æ 1 ö r
Ln = 2ç
1- 2 ÷ rm =
RZ è n ø 200
Atoms P-457

(B) Velocity relation given is wrong 27. (d) Magnetic field at the centre of nucleus of H-atom,
(C) Ionization energy in e– H atom m0 I
B= ..... (i)
+ me 4 2r
E= According to Bohr's model, radius of orbit r µ n 2
8 Î20 n 2 h2
from eq. (i) we can also write as B µ n–2
28. (b) A hydrogen atom makes a transition from n = 2 to
200me 4 n=1
Em = = 200 E
8 Î02 n 2 h 2 n2
(D) Momentum of H-atom
nh
mvr = n1
2p
Hence (A), (C), (D) are correct.
é 1 ù 2é 1ù
Then wavelength = Rcz êê 2 , 2 úú < Rc(1) êê1, úú
2 1
hc
25. (b) From energy level diagram, using DE = ëê n1 n 2 ûú ë 4û
l

hc é 3ù
For wavelength l1 DE = – E – (–2E) = l < Rc ê ú ...(1)
l1 êë 4 úû
For ionized lithium
hc
\ l1 = é 1 ù é 1ù
E l < Rc(3) 2 ê ú < Rc 9 ê ú ...(2)
êë n úû
2 êë n 2 úû
æ 4E ö hc
For wavelength l2 DE = – E – ç - ÷ = é 3ù é 1 ù
è 3 ø l2 Rc ê ú = Rc9 ê 2 ú
4
ë û ën û
hc l1 1
\ l2 = \r= = 3 9
æ Eö l2 3 Þ < Þ n < 12 < 2 3
çè ÷ø 4 n2
3
\ The least quantum number must be 4.
26. (c) Speed of electron in first orbit (n = 1) of hydrogen 29. (c) Kinetic energy of electron is
atom (z = 1),
2
æZö
e 2 K.E. µ ç ÷
v= èNø
2e 0 h When the electron makes transition from excited state to
radius of Bohr's first orbit, ground state, then n increases and kinetic energy increases.
Total energy = – KE
h 2e 0 rpme2 \ Total energy also decreases.
r= Þ e0 = ....... (i)
pme 2 h2 Potential energy is lowest for ground state.
Acceleration of electron, h
30. (b) De-Broglie wavelength of electron l =
mV
v2 e4 pme 2
= 2 2´ 2 1
r 4e 0 h h e0 As we know, V µ
n
e 4 ´ pme 2 So, lµn
= ....... (ii)
4h 4 e30 l 4 = 4l1
l1 is the de-Broglie wavelength of the electron in the
eliminating e0 from eq (ii),
ground state.
e4 pme2 h 6 mv 2
= 4 3 3 3 6 from eqn (i) 31. (c) qVB = ....(i)
4h r p m e r
nh
h2 = mvr ....(ii)
= 2 2 3 2p
4p m r
P-458 Physics

Multiplying equation (i) and (ii),

1 æ 1 1 ö
qBnh = Rç - ÷
= m2v 2 l çn 2 n 2 ÷
2p è 1 2 ø
(where Rydberg constant , R = 1.097 × 107)
1
Now multiplying both sides by ,
2m 1 æ1 1 ö
or, = 1.097 ´ 107 ç - ÷
993 ´10 -10 ç 12 n 2 ÷
qBh 1 2 è 2 ø
n = mv
4pm 2 Solving we get n 2 = 3
Spectral lines
é qBh ù Total number of spectral lines = 3
i.e. KE = n ê ú
ë 4pm û Two lines in Lyman series for n 1 = 1, n2 = 2 and n1 = 1,
32. (b) Radius of circular path followed by electron is given by, n2 = 3 and one in Balmer series for n 1 = 2 , n2 = 3
n=3
mu 2meV 1 2m Balmer
r= = = V n=2
qB eB B e Lyman Lyman
n=1
B2 r 2 e
Þ V= = 0.8V
2m mv2 e2 æ 1 b ö
38. (c) As F = = ç + ÷
For transition between 3 to 2. r 4p Î0 è r 2 r 3 ø
æ 1 1 ö 13.6 ´ 5 nh nh
E = 13.6 ç - ÷ = = 1.88eV and mvr = Þv=
è 4 9ø 36 2p 2 pmr
Work function = 1.88 eV – 0.8 eV = 1.08 eV » 1.1eV 2
æ nh ö 1 e2 æ 1 b ö
\ mç ÷ ´ = ç + ÷
1 é1 1ù è 2pmr ø r 4p Î0 è r 2 r 3 ø
33. (c) Wave number = RZ 2 ê 2 - 2 ú
l êë n1 n úû
1 b mn 2 h 2 4p Î0
1 or, + =
Þ lµ r2 r3 4p 2 m 2 e 2 r 3
Z2
\ lZ2 = constant
a n2 1 b æ Î h2 ö
By question n = 1 and n1 = 2 or, 0 = + çQa 0 = 0 Given ÷
Then, l1 = l2 = 4l3 = 9l4 r3 r 2 r3 ç mpe 2 ÷
è ø
34. (b) For nth atom
(1) Davisson and Gemner experiment-wave nature of \ rn = a0n2 – b
electrons. 39. (c) According to the question,
(2) Millikan’s oil drop experiment - charge of an elec-
tron. nh nh
2pr = nl = =
(3) Rutherford experiment - Existance of nucleus. p mv
(4) Frank-Hertz experiment - Quantisation of energy
levels. nh nh
or mvr = or mv =
35. (b) For first excited state, n = 2 and for Li + + Z = 3 2p 2pr
13.6 13.6
En = ´ Z2 = ´ 9 = 30.6 eV mv2 mv nh
n 2 4 F = qv B = or, q B = =
r r 2pr.r
36. (d) DE = hv
DE 1 ù k(2n - 1) nh nh
é 1 or, r2 = or, r =
n= =kê 2
- 2ú = 2 2pqB 2pqB
h ë (n - 1) n û n (n - 1)2
i.e., r µ n1/2
2k 1
» 3 or n µ 3 40. (c) Magnetic moment of the hydrogen atom, when the
n n
electron is in nth excited state, i.e., n ' = (n + 1)
-34
hc hc 6.62 ´10 ´ 3 ´108
37. (a) E= Þl= = = 993Ao As magnetic moment M n = In A = in (prn2 )
l E -19
12.5 ´1.6 ´10
Atoms P-459

Substituting the values we get,

mz 2 e5
i n = eVn = 2.2 ´ 106 1
4e02 n 3 h 3 Vn = m/s or Vn µ
n n
As principal quantum number increases, velocity
n2h2 æ 1 ö decreases.
rn = çk = ÷
2
4p kzme è 2 4p Î0 ø
1 æ 1 1ö
Solving we get magnetic moment of the hydrogen atom 44. (c) = Rç - ÷ where R = Rydberg constant
for nth excited state l è n12 n22 ø

æ e ö nh 1 æ 1 1ö 5 36
Mn ' = ç ÷ =ç - ÷ = l 32 =
è 2m ø 2p l32 è 4 9 ø 36 Þ
5
41. (d) For ground state, the principal quantum no. (n) = 1. Similarly solving for l31 and l21
Principal quantum number 4 belongs to 3rd excited state.
9 4
The possible number of the spectral lines from a state n to l 31 = and l 21 =
ground state is 8 3

n(n - 1) 4(4 - 1) l32 l

= = =6 \ = 6.4 and 21 ; 1.2
2 2 l31 l 31
42. (d) The energy of the system of two atoms of diatomic
45. (b) hc
1 2 E=
molecule E = I w l
2 46. (b) If n1 = n and n2 = n + 1
where I = moment of inertia
n 2 ( n + 1)
2
L Maximum wavelength lmax =
w = Angular velocity = , ( 2n + 1) R
I
L = Angular momentum
Therefore, for large n, l max µ n3
1 47. (b) Energy of excitation (DE) is
I = (m1r12 + m2 r22 )
2
æ1 1 ö
1 2 2 2 DE = 13.6 z2 ç n - n ÷ eV
Thus, E = (m1r1 + m2 r2 )w … (i) è 1 2ø
2
æ1 1 ö
1 L2 Þ DE = 13.6 (3)2 ç 2 - 2 ÷ = 108.8 eV
E= (m1r12 + m2 r2 2 ) 2 è1 3 ø
2 I
48. (c) It is given that transition from the state n = 4 to n = 3
L= nh in a hydrogen like atom result in ultraviolet radiation. For
(According to Bohr's Hypothesis)
æ 1 1 ö
2 infrared radiation ç 2 – 2 ÷ should be less. The only
E=
1
(m1r12 + m2 r22 )
L è n1 n2 ø
2 (m1r1 + m2 r22 )2
2 option is 5 ® 4.
Increasing
Energy
1 L2 n2 h 2 n=5
E= =
2 (m1r12 + m2 r22 ) 8p2 (m1r12 + m2 r22 ) n=4
n=3
(m1 + m2 )n 2 h 2 n=2
E=
8 p2 r 2 m1m2 n=1
49. (b) Given,
43. (a) Velocity of electron in nth orbit of hydrogen atom k
is given by : Centripetal force =
r
2pKZe 2 Then
Vn =
nh k mv 2
=
r r
P-460 Physics

1 2 1
Þ k = mv2 Þ Tn = mv = k é ù
2 2 E will be maximum for the transition for which ê 1 - 1 ú
2 2
Tn is independent of n ëê n1 n2 ûú
Also,
is maximum. Here n2 is the higher energy level.
nh
Angular momentum, L =
2p é 1 1 ù
Clearly, ê - ú is maximum for the third transition,
nh êë n12 n2 2 úû
Þ mvrn = (Q L = mvr)
2p
i.e., 2 ® 1. I transition is showing the absorption of energy.
nh æQ m 2v 2 = km ö
ç ÷ 52. (c) The wavelength of spectrum is given by
Þ rn =
2p km çè or mv = km ÷ø
1 æ 1 1 ö
Clearly, rn µ n = Rz 2 ç 2 - 2 ÷
l ç ÷
50. (d) We have to find the frequency of emitted photons. è n1 n2 ø
For emission of photons electron should makes a transition
from higher energy level to lower energy level. so, option 1.097 ´107
(a) and (b) are incorrect. where R =
m
Frequency of emitted photon is given by 1+
M
æ 1 1 ö
h n = -13.6 ç 2 - 2 ÷ where m = mass of electron
çn ÷
è 2 n1 ø M = mass of nucleus.
For transition from n = 6 to n = 2, Thus, wavelength involved in the spectrum of hudrogen
-13.6 æ 1 1 ö 2 æ 13.6 ö like atom depends upon masses of nucleus. The mass
n1 = ç 2
- 2 ÷ = ´ç ÷ number of hydrogen and deuterium is 1 and 2 respectively,
h è6 2 ø 9 è h ø
so spectrum of deuterium will be different from hydrogen.
For transition from n = 2 to n = 1,
53. (c) The energy required to remove the electron from the
-13.6 æ 1 1 ö 3 æ 13.6 ö . nth orbit of hydrogen is given by
n2 = - = ´ç ÷
h çè 22 12 ÷ø 4 è h ø
13.6
\ n1 < n2 En = 2
eV /atom
n
51. (b) Eenrgy of radiation that corresponds to energy
difference between two energy levels n1 and n2 is given 13.6
as For n = 2, En = = 3.4 eV
4
é 1 1 ù æ 1 1ö Therefore the energy required to remove electron from
E = Rhc ê 2 - 2 ú \ E a ç 2 – 2÷ n = 2 is + 3.4 eV.
êë n1 n2 úû è n1 n2 ø