Solved Problem

1. Distilled water is a dielectric having the constants , . If a wave is incident

from water onto water-air interface, find the critical angle. If the incident electric field
amlitude is 1 V/m and the incidence angle is , find the magnitude of the field strength in
the air

a) at the interface

b) away from the interface

Solution: The critical angle is

for

and the attenuation constant in medium-2 (in air) will be

Np/m

So

Now by considering the normal polarization

so the magnitude of the transmitted field is

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 V/m

a) at the interface V/m

b) at away from the interface

2) For an incident wave with parallel polarization find the relationship between the critical
angle and Brewster angle for nonmagnetic media.

Solution:

For nonmagnetic media and

or

Considering the following right angle triangle

one can easily conglude that

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 means that .

3) Consider a plane wave in air impinging obliquely on a large, thick slab of polyethylene (
). The wave is parallel polarized. Find the magnitude of the reflected and
transmitted electric field intensity vectors and the transmission angle if the incidence angle is
and the amplitude of the incident electric field intensity is 10 V/m..

Solution:

The transmission angle is

The reflection end transmission coefficients are

and the amplitudes of the reflected and transmitted fields will be

V/m

V/m

4. A uniform plane wave with a phasor electric field intensity vector

in medium-1 is incident normally onto a lossless dielectric slab of a thickness

backed by a perfectly conducting plane as shown below.

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 Find both reflection and transmission coefficients at . Determine the thickness that

makes (total field in medium-1) the same as if the dielectric slab were absent.

SOLUTION:

The incident fields in medium-1:

The total fiels in medium-1 are:

The transmitted and reflected back fields from the conducting plate in medium2 are:

The total fiels in medium-2 are:

Boundary condition at

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 ;

so the total fields im medium-2 will be

and

Boundary conditions at ;

(1)

(2)

Solving (1) and (2) in terms of the ratios and , the reflection and transmission
coefficients can be determined as follows:

From (1)

by substituting into (2)

From (1)

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 by substituting into (2)

If there were no dielectric slab:

i.e

; ; .

5) Two dielectric medium have an plane interface ay ( plane) as shown below. If a

plane wave impinges to the interface by an angle of , find the reflection and transmission
coefficients on the interface. Express the total fields in each region.

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 SOLUTION:

Use the geometry given above for the unit vectors in propagation directions for each wave:

where and the position vector is defined as

For losslees media and the general expression for the phasor electric field intensity
vector is

So the incident fields in medium-1 are;

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 The reflected fields in medium-1 are;

The transmitted fields in medium-2 are;

Boundary conditions ay (Sum of the tangential components must be equal)

Using the phase condition;

the first equation is obtained as

(1)

Applying the boundary condition for the tangential componenets of the magnetic field
intensity vector:

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 (2)

From (1) and (2) can be solved for the reflection and transmission coefficients as

and .

6. A light ray incident upon a transparent plate exist the plate into the original medium
parallel to its original trajectory but laterally displaced as shown below.

If the transparent plate is glass ( ) and the incidence angle is find the lateral
distance.

SOLUTION:

When the light hits the second interface, the angle is now the incident angle, so the
transmitted angle is again given by snell's law

So the light exist at the originalincidence angle , However, it is now shifted by the amount

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 If and

mm.

7. A triangular glass prism is used to change the propagation direction of an electromagnetic

wave from x to y direction as shown below. Find the ratio of the transmitted to incident
power density from x to y direction.

SOLUTION:

; .

(total reflectin on the tilting surface)

Transmission coefficient on the vertical surface

Transmission coefficient on the horizontal surface

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 So the resultant transmitted field will be

So the power ratio of the incident to resultant transmitted wave is

8. A man fishing from a boat observes a fish feeding on the bottom of a shallow lake. The
man's height is 6 ft, and the lake depth at this location is 10 ft. The fish appears to be a
distance of 20 ft from the boat. Find the true distance of the fish from the boat

SOLUTION:

From the figure

; ;

; ft

So the real distance from the boat ft.

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 9. The uniform plane wave in air with the following phasor expression for electric field
intensity vector

is incident on a perfectly conducting plane at .

a) Find the frequency and the wavelength of the wave

b) Find the time dependent expressions of electric and magnetic field intensity vectors

c) Determine the angle of incidence

d) Find the phasor expressions of the reflected electric and magnetic field vectors

e) Find the phasor expressions of the total electric and magnetic field vectors

SOLUTION:

The general expression of the phasor field is in the form of:

where

is the propagation vector in the propagation direction and

is the position vector for a point in the space. So,

since for the air and . Now for the given field we have

means that

or

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 now

and then; rad/s.

OR Alternatively !!!!

means that

then the components of the propagation vector will be

and ;

rad/s

and

a) m.

b) Hz. rad/s.

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 c) The boundary and the unit vector for the incident wave is given below:

d) From Snell's law we have that ; Then the unit vector in the propagation direction for
the reflected wave is

Then the reflected electric field intensity vector is

at

So;

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 . (Note that: , since )

and

e)

(standing wave)

similarly the total magnetic field in the this medium can be derived as;

(standing wave).

10. A 100 MHz uniform plane wave travelling in a lossy dielectric ( ) has the phasor
magnetic field intensity vector

Find the associated phasor and time dependent expression of the electric field intensity
vector.

SOLUTION:

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 .

The wave is propagating in x-direction:

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