SeSSlon

sgingl oatpall àoolal!

Arab Open University
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Tpes op personal Data

L Jalunteered date This type of data might

include ideo ciles
-pictalestextor auiociles
2-obseNed olota. Such as ocatian data
when usingcel phone s.
3_lnekred lato This isalata such
a credt Score, which is
hased on analysis of yante ered or
-ob sered lata

ASI American etandarl code Forc

lnearmation lnterchange
Capita Letteri A
Special
characteri#=
|hre e Comimon methocsaf siqnalransmission
to
-used in aetworISs

Ele ctrical siqnas Iransmissien is

by epkesenting olata ag achieed
-onCopper wire electrAcalpulses.
2aptical signalS Iransmisslon is achieyed
by corVerting the electrical signals
-pulses into ight

3wireless signals anSmisslonr is achieved by

using inç Yared
hragh the air. meroae racio Wales
ElSherouk City P.0.Box 51 -Cairo
Www.aou.edu.eg Hotline: 19268
 Dancicth.ond through put.
óngiogl ouoll oolall
Arab Open University
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untS o Bandwioth.
per
Bitsper seCond bps 1 bps
kilobyte Kbps |ooo bps l6 bps
Mego byte Mbps looo.oo bos lobps
Giga hyte Gbpsloso.oeo.
Gbes loso,o00.600o bps lo bps
Terabyte Tbpslooo.0o0.o40-0oo bp salo bs
Many factors incluence thronghput incucing:
\he clato being sent and receied
Ner the Conection.Eilllllels!lLLso
he Tpes of clata being transittech.
*The atency created by the number -of network
devices enCountered between SowYce and
destinatin

Netdorit Companents
* End levices. Desktap Computer Aapo p
printer lp iphone ¢
wireless Tabletd
Telepresence Eno point
lnterimediate deíces ireless Router Router
LAN sitch &
Multidayer suitch d
Fire walL Appliance.
* NetwoK Media wire less_meclia
LANmeclia
WAN media
 Bluetooth
NEC
wireless echnology
is awireless Communi cation
òogiogll anol| aoolall
Arab Open University
wwyaou.edu.eg
technoloay that enables data
to exchaned by devices that are arein
Ne close proXimit to each other,usually
dessthan Feld entimeters

LAN Components
Fowr main Cate gories i
2 peripherols
3 Network devices
4 Net work mecio
eXamples. hosts are pevsenal Camputers
netors attache printers
eXamples of shared peripherals are Cameras,
scanners anedocaly atached priaters
t eXam ples of Netork olevices incluce hubs,
Switches and
anol rauters
NetoriK meclia can be wiYeod Snch
Copper and iber optic,or wireless
technolo gies
Encl Device Acldressing
three
Ihere are thee parts t the Ip configuratien.
parts.
which mist be correct For the levice to send
ancl Yeceiue ineormation on the network
lp aress
Suhnet mak
* Default gate Way
 Manual ancl Automatic Acldress
ôngiopl ouoll óoololl
Assignment.
Arab Open Unnversity
www.aouedu.eg
Manuol Con Figuration
The Yequirecd alues are enterecd into the
levice by a nethork aclminiStrator. Ihe |P
-addkess is refened to a s astotíc
Lacldress andmust
anl be
must be unique
nigue
Dynamic lp Configuration
The levice requests n addYess pbm
s s e s a ssignédby
D : o t eadd
Dynamic Host Conbiguration protocol
DHC) Serser located withn the
_net Wor<

Networ Meolia ypes.

INree types of mecla to intek Connect deices
-Metal nires ithin cables
Data is enCooled int electical iaplases

,Glass or plastic Fibres within cables (Fiberoptc

Cable)Data is enCodedl inte -pulsesof
Aght.

Wireless tranS mission. Data IS encooled ia

madulattonofepecific frequencies of
electromag aetic wades
 *Common NeTworK cables
B.°
ångiogll anoll Öoolall
Arab Open University L wisted-pair able.
wwWaoLedu.eg
2 Coaxial Cable
3. Fiber- optc cable
Ethernet cablingCables
Iüisted par
able is ineapensiNe and
reacll available.
Iuistedpaircables uses pulses
of tonSmit lata.
electricity
averc Copper Cableis.
Data tang mission
electkamagnetic iaterference (EM)
sensitive to
Iypes of tuistedpair Cables
UTP
Ihs ismost common iype of networK
North America ond
and ma ther eas
Cable in
UTPdashielded Twi stecl_pair)
Taisted_pair)
2STP(shieloled Taisted
sclsively
LIhese are use almst
Cownties

EtheYnet TP abes Caeists of 4 pars

of Taisted Cables
Cables_are imane to EMIand REI
STP
interference. AK Many diE.. ategoties

|-CatsspeedloMhpsat KMz
Feantres For Etheraet dANS
*Suitable
X Most often useo For phone
ines
 Cat 5 VTP speed
Aral Om Unversit
wwwaetu eg
Feaures loo Mpbs at looMHZ
than
Manufactared with hieher sandard
Cat 3 to Allow FaY higher data tansfer
rates isherstandad thanCat 5)
k Cat 5e UIPP speed ’ loaa Mbps ot loo MHZ
Features
More twists per Fost than cat 5
ta better prevent EML and RfI From outsice
SorCes

*|Cat6 utp speedloo Mbps at 25o MHZ

Cat 6a VTP at 5oo MHz
*Cat Scp lo Gbps at boomHZ
Gfeatures O Manufactaed with highev
StandaYd than Cat5e

ACoaXial Coable caries adata in the Forn

Can therefore arry more

a data

A Fiberoptic ables transmit data wsing

palSes. of Aight.
parts of Fiberoptic Cable ae
acket
2 treng thening MaTenaysonds
Bulfe
cladding Core
ElSherouk City P.0. Box 51 - Cairo Wwwaouedu.eg Hotline: 19268
14Y1A
 7
Twisted -pair operation.
Aral Onletsity

The TIA ZEIA oYg ariZation def ines

www a0u edu.cg

two diFFerent patterns, or Wiring schemes,

Called
T568A and T568 B , k-hho
on e of thetwo wiring schemes (Ta68 A
or 1568 e) should be chosen
anetwork installation
A Verify Connectiity
Command
Vsing the (ping
host
to identify it to the
sther Jevices. the netwsrK
The Foraat f the ping Command is ping
where Y an

IP address_ar domain Mame of the

destinatien host
For e%ample:
ping
ping
tacelowte
butiit is Callecd racert in the windous.
enviroMment.
AAI! Communication me thols hale thee elements
Common
First’ message Sourceor Sender. Message
Soces are pcopleor electronic cdeices,
that need to Comwmwnicatea Message to
othek idiviualsor deices.
 seConc lestination, or recive,
of the mesage. The destination
receives the
ångiöglI àuJoll òoololl
Arab Open University
www.aou.edu.eg mess aye and
iaterprets it.
Third Transmissien medum, or chamnel.It
provides the pathaay over which the
messaqe can Havel Rrram SoWce to
destination.
*Conhuication protocols.
We establish rles agreements t
g0vern the Conversatios
what method a Commmication showo
wSe ?
whatAanqnae shaulod we
Do we need to ConQivm that or messages
are heceied ?
y An identieied sencer anl receider
Agreed upon methood o Comnicating
Cace ta face, teleghone, ette, photaga ph y
*ommonm anguage and gammer
-* Speed ondl tinning of oleivery
Conlimation cknswledg ment requiimente
protocal chalacteristic.
-** Message foramat
SLZe

EnCodling
timing
EnCapsulation
Mess oge patten..
Networik standards oganiZatoa

TIA
51 -Cairo WwW.aou.edu.eg Hotline: 19268
 when new etandad is phaposed,
each stage of the daveomcnt
ángionll õujoll öoolall
Arab Open University
www.aou.edu.eg
and aproal proCessis ecovded
num bered Request for Comment
docnet

Recs or internet standards are pubished and

managecd by the teraet Engineering ask
Force {LETE)
nTevne
Yotocol
HI TP stack

Ethernet
Successful Commicotion between hosts
requires inter oction betweena number of
protCols.

HITe Hypex text transfer protocol)

Ihis pYoto col governS the Nay aWeh servek
and a Web ient interact.

HTTRlefines the content ano Formetting of

the equestS and responses that are
-e exChanyed between the cientand server.
 TcP( ransmission conttol
proto col)
(ngioollopoll ooololl
Arab Oen Uverity :This protocol manages the
wwwaou.edu.eg
iniicual ConNersations. lcp
res ponSible For guaranteeig the reii alble
deiver of the infomation anmanaging Flo
-Control between the end deNicesi

Ip ( tefnet protocol )
This proto coliS responsi'ble Far deliNering
messages From the sender to the receiver

\P is uSed by routers to Forwarod the

messoges ccross mntiple netorks.

Ethenet.
TRis orstoCol is resQonsible For the deivevy
vnessages From bne NlC to nother
on the Same Ehehck ocal cren
netdork (AN).

Application
* Transport hescriptien
Internel
NetworiK Access
 The os| ReferenCe Model
Ongaii ognllooolal
Arah Own UnIverNIy
Descriphin
osl Model aye
www.aou.edu.eg

7 Application
6. presen totion upper Jayers
sesson

4 Transpurt
3Network
LAoer ayers
Data ink
p s i cal
Common Netubrk Components Asbeciated ith
this daer
yper Jayeks Net ors. aware applications
Email
Web browsers and se
Serers
Fle transfer
’Name resolution

Jower ayers Fansport vicdeo and oice straming

mechamsims ¢ Firewall Fitering
lists

Oata ink Routing interfoce

Netuork
Card anod driners _NetworlK.
switching d wWAN Connectivit
prysical) phyical madium (copper
tuistedpair, Fi ber optic
Cabes wireless tans mitters ) Hus and rep eaters
ElSherouk City P.0. Box 51 -Cairo WwW.aou.edu.eg Hotline: 19268
 12
Os Model and TcP/P Model
ngiogil óuoll óoolall
CompariSon
Arab Open University
www.aou.edu.eg
Ine Factlos thatoccr at the internet
doyer in the 1cP/IP model Contained
lyer the re
networK Jayer ol the osl model
Dhe transport oyer Fnctionatty is the
Same me hetween
hetw hoth models.
The cCess
CCeSS daye and the oppicatun
networ k
Ayer f the cP /IP model ore farher
divided osl model todescribe iscrete
Functlons that must oCCur at these doyers.

7 Agolication
6 presentation Appication
5. Session
4 anSport Transpart
Netuor K lnternet
2 Sata ink
4 physical Netaworh AccesS

The Rise _ol Ethenet

stanards are beneficial to networkina
wmon Ways
Faciuitate
esign development
simpißy praduz t
* promoTe Competition
Consistent interconnctions aidlyo
provide
× Faciitote taining choices For Customers.
4 provide more Nenclok

Www.aou.edu.eg Hotline: 19268

El Sherouk City P.0. Box 51 - Cairo
 13

B.°
ongiogllouyoll ooolll
Arab Open Universiy
www.aou.edu eg

propietay Nencor imited Number f And

proto Cels (147os) <tandads (18s and the
1446s ) winer
iS:

NcR
IEEE
Bo2.3(Ethehct)
AXerox
DEC
1EEE.
o2.4+ (ARcnet) (Ethonet)
IEEE
Bo2.5 (token Ring)
Tke Institute of ElectriCal anl EletYonic
Engineers, or EEE ma'ntainS. the neworking
standods,icclina Ethernetand wireless
<tandards.
JEEE a o l s l , u l i g l g a

The Committee respansible For the Ethernct

stanlaras So2.3.

%Each Versin o Ethernet has aassocioted

standard. For eXamole02.3 1o0_Base.T.
Bo2.3 los BASE.T.J
This standard notation translates as
loo is the speed inMbps.
mission
BASE stands For basebandtrans this Case,
type of cable,in
- I stands For the standards.
able
twisted-pair
Hotline: 19268
PO.Box 51 -Cairo WWW.aou.edu.eg