Progressive Education Society's

Modern College of Engineering , Shivajinagar, Pune-05.

Engineering Mathematics-II (Academic year: 2019-20)
Unit - III : Integral Calculus:(Reduction Formulae, Gamma & Beta function , DUIS & Error function)

A. REDUCTION FORMULAE:-

∞
1. If 𝐼𝑛 = ∫0 𝑒 −𝑥 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑛 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 obtain the relation between 𝐼𝑛 and 𝐼𝑛−2 .
𝜋
1 (𝑛−1)
2. If 𝑈𝑛 = ∫02 𝜃 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑛 𝜃 𝑑𝜃 then show that 𝑈𝑛 = 𝑛2 + 𝑈𝑛−2 , hence evaluate 𝑈4 .
𝑛
𝜋
1 2𝑛−1
3. If 𝐼𝑛 = ∫04 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2𝑛 𝑥 𝑑𝑥, prove that 𝐼𝑛 = 𝑛2𝑛+1 + 𝐼𝑛−1 .
2𝑛
𝜋
1
4. If 𝑈𝑛 = ∫ 𝑐𝑜𝑡 𝑛 𝜃 𝑑𝜃 prove that 𝐼𝑛 =
𝜋
2
− 𝐼𝑛−2 , Hence evaluate 𝐼3 .
𝑛−1
4
𝜋
𝜋 𝑛
5. If 𝐼𝑛 = ∫02 𝑥 𝑛 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 𝑑𝑥 prove that 𝐼𝑛 = ( 2 ) − 𝑛(𝑛 − 1)𝐼𝑛−2 .
∞
6. If 𝐼𝑛 = ∫0 𝑒 −𝑥 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑛 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 obtain the relation between 𝐼𝑛 and 𝐼𝑛−2 .
𝜋/4
7. If 𝑢𝑛 = ∫0 tann 𝜃 𝑑𝜃 then show that 𝑛(𝑢𝑛+1 + 𝑢𝑛−1 ) = 1.
𝜋
(√2)𝑛−2 𝑛−2
8. If 𝐼𝑛= ∫0 𝑠𝑒𝑐 𝑛 𝜃 𝑑𝜃 , prove that 𝐼𝑛 =
4 + 𝑛−1 𝐼𝑛−2 .
𝑛−1
𝜋
9. Find reduction formula for ∫03 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑛 𝑥 𝑑𝑥.

B. GAMMA FUCTION:-
1 ∞ 𝑥4
1. Evaluate ∶ ∫0 (𝑥𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑥)4 𝑑𝑥 . 5. Evaluate ∫0 𝑑𝑥.
4𝑥
∞4 ∞
2. Evaluate ∫0 √𝑥 𝑒 −√𝑥 𝑑𝑥 6. Evaluate ∫0 √𝑦 𝑒 −√𝑦 𝑑𝑦
∞ 𝑥3 ∞ 𝑑𝑥
3. Evaluate ∫0 𝑑𝑥. 7. Evaluate ∫0 2
3𝑥 34𝑥
∞ 2
4. Evaluate ∫0 𝑥 7 𝑒 −2𝑥 𝑑𝑥

C. BETA FUCTION:-

𝜋 ∞ 𝑑𝑥
1. Evaluate ∫0 𝑥𝑠𝑖𝑛5 𝑥𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝑥𝑑𝑥 . 6. Evaluate ∫0 .
1+𝑥 4
1 2𝑎
2. Evaluate ∫0 𝑥 𝑚 (1 − 𝑥 𝑛 )𝑝 𝑑𝑥 . 7. Evaluate ∫0 𝑥√2𝑎𝑥 − 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥.
5 7 1
3. Evaluate ∫2 (𝑥 − 2)3 (5 − 𝑥)2 𝑑𝑥. 8.
2𝑎
Evaluate ∫0 𝑥 2 (2𝑎𝑥 − 𝑥 2 )−2 𝑑𝑥
∞ 𝑥 8 −𝑥 14
4. Evaluate ∫0 𝑑𝑥 . ∞ 𝑥 9 (1−𝑥 5 )
(1+𝑥)24 9. Evaluate ∫0 (1+𝑥)25
1 1
5
5. Evaluate ∫3 (𝑥 − 3) (5 − 𝑥) 𝑑𝑥. 2 2
 Progressive Education Society's
Modern College of Engineering , Shivajinagar, Pune-05.
Engineering Mathematics-II (Academic year: 2019-20)
Unit - III : Integral Calculus:(Reduction Formulae, Gamma & Beta function , DUIS & Error function)

D. DIFFERENTIATION UNDER INTEGRAL SIGN

∞ e−x −e−ax 1 a2 +1
1. Using differentiation under integral sign prove that ∫0 dx = 2 log ( ) , a > 0.
xsec x 2
π/2a sin ax
2. Prove that ϕ(a) = ∫π/6a dx is independent of a.
x
𝑥 𝑑2 𝑓
3. If 𝑓(𝑥) = ∫2 (𝑥 − 𝑡)𝐺(𝑡)𝑑𝑡 𝑡hen prove that − 𝐺(𝑥) = 0
𝑑𝑥 2
𝑥 𝑑3 𝑓
4. If 𝑓(𝑥) = ∫𝑎 (𝑥 − 𝑡)2 𝐺(𝑡)𝑑𝑡 then prove that − 2𝐺(𝑥) = 0
𝑑𝑥 3
∞ tan−1 ax π
5. Show that ∫0 dx = 2 log(1 + a)
x(1+x2 )

1 xa −xb a+1
6. Show that ∫0 dx = log (b+1) , a > 0, b > 0.
log x

1 𝑒 −ax −e−bx b
7. Show that ∫0 dx = log (a) , a > 0, b > 0.
x
∞ sin x
8. Evaluate ∫0 e−ax dx .
x
∞ e−x sin αx
9. Evaluate ∫0 dx.
x
1 xm −1
10. Evaluate ∫0 dx .
log x

a2 sin ax dϕ
11. If ϕ(a) = ∫a dx, find
x dx

E. ERROR FUNCTIONS
∞ 2 −2bx √π 2
1. Show that ∫0 e−x dx = eb [1 − erf(b)].
2
b 2 √π
2. Show that ∫a e−x dx = {erf(b) − erf(a)} .
2
t2
2 x
3. If α(x) = √ ∫0 e− 2 dt , show that erf(x) = α[x√2]
π

d
4. Define erfc(ax) , find erfc(ax)
dx
t t
5. Evaluate ∫o erf(4x) dx + ∫0 erfc(4x)dx.
d e−t
6. Prove that erf(√t) = .
dt √πt

7. Prove that erfc(x) + erfc(−x) = 2.

d 2an n−1 −a2 2n
8. Prove that [erf(ax n )] = x e x .
dx √π
∞ 2 −2bx √π 2
9. Prove that ∫0 e−x dx = eb erfc (b).
2