Order and Degree of a Differential Equation, General and Particular

Solutionsof a Differential Equation

MCQ Multiple Cholce Question (1 Mark)

1. The difference of the order and the degree of the differential equation +x =0 is:
dx
[CBSE 2023 (C))
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) -1 (d) 0

VSA Very Short Answer Type Questions (2Marks)

2. Find the order and the degree of the differential 4. Write the sum of the order and degree of the following
equationy2dy
dr?
[CBSE 2019] differential equation: = 0. [CBSE 2015]

3. Write the order and the degree of the following 5. Write the sum of the order and degree of the
differential equation: |dy\
3
2 differential equation: + +x= 0.
d'y +x = 0 [CBSE 2019) dy dx
[CBSE 2015]

Solutions of Differential Equations with Variables Separable

MCQ Multiple Choice Question (1 Mark)

6. Solution of the differential cquation (1 + y)(1 + log x)dr + xdy = 0is: [CBSE 2023 (C)|
(log | x |)² (log |x |)
(a) tan 'y + log |x| + 2
= C (b) tan'y - log |x| + = C
2
(log |x |)* (log |x|)
(c) tan 'y - log |x| - 2
= C (d) tan y + log |x| = C
2

VSA Very Short Answer Type Questions (2 Marks)

7. Findthegeneral solution of the following differential 9. Find the general solution of the differentialequation
dy =e+'e
equation: dk |CBSE 2022) log ( = 3r + 4y. (CBSE 2017(C|

8. Solve the differential equation 10. Write the solution of the differential equation
=a, (a e R). |CBSE 2018(C)| dy = 2, |CBSE 2015|
 Differential Equations (129)
SA Short Answer Type Questions
(3 Marks)
I1. Sove
the differential equation: 17. Find the particular solution of the
dy x(2 log x+ 1)
differcntial
(r + 1) = 2e- 1;y(0) = 0 (CBSE 2019] equation
d: sin y + y cos y given thaty = 2 when
2 Solve the differential equation X= 1.
(CBSE 2014]
d =1+x + y t xy, given that y= lwhen 18. Find the particular solution of the differential
d
X=0. dy
[CBSE 2019] equation: = 1+x +y+y, given that y= 0
dx
13. Find the particular solution of the differential when x = 1. [CBSE 2014]
equation e tan ydr + (2-e)secy dy = 0,given
that y = when x = 0. [CBSE 2018] 19. Find the particular solution of the differential
14. Find the particular solution of the differential equation x(1 + y)dr -y(1 + x)dy = 0 given that
y= 1when x= 0. [CBSE 2014]
equation (1 -y)(1+ log x) dr + 2y dy = 0, given
that y = 0 when x = 1. [CBSE 2016] 20. Find the particular solution of the differential
15. Find the particular solution of the differential equation: log de =3r + 4y, given that y= 0
equation e y1-y'dx +dy = 0, giventhaty =1when when x=0. [CBSE 2014)
X= 0. [CBSE 2014]
21. Solve the differential equation
16. Solve the following differential equation:
dy
( -yr) dy + (y² + )dr = 0, given that y = 1,
cosec x log y dy
+xy'= 0. [CBSE 2014] when x= 1. [CBSE 2014]

LA Long Answer Type Question (5 Marks)

22. Solve the following differential cquation: (/1+ r'+y'+xy )adt t aydy =0. [CBSE 2015]

Homogeneous Differential Equations

SA Short Answer Type Questions (3 Marks)

27. Solve the differential cquation:

23. Find the particular solution of the differential
equation
dy given that y= 1 when xdy - y dx = x+y dr, given that y = 0
dx when x = 1. [CBSE 2019)
X= ) [CBSE 2023 (C)]
28. Solve the differential cquation
24. Find the general solution of the differential equation: (a-y')dx + 2rydy =0 |CBSE 2018(C)|
[CBSE 2022]
29. Prove thatx-y' = C(r +y)' is the general solution
25. Solve the differential equation: of the diferential equation (-y'lr = (-rykdv,
where C is a parameter. |CBSE 2017|
+x-y
differential
|CBSE 2020) 30. Find the particular solution of the
Given that x = Iwhen y = 7 equation 2y e dr t (y- 2r e) dy = 0, given that
equation |CBSE 2017|
0. Iind thegeneral solution of the differential = 0 when y= 1.
|CBSE 2020)
yedx = (uth + y')dy, y 0
130 Chapterwise CBSE PYQs (Mathematics)-12.
31. Find the general solution of the differential equation 33. Solve the differential equation:
dy [CBSE 2016])
[CBSE 2017] y+*x
34. Solve the following differential equation:
32. Find the general solution of the differential equation y'dr + (-y +y)dy = 0 [CBSE 2016]
dy
21y dx =+y. [CBSE 2017(C)]

(5 Marks)
LA Long Answer Type Questions
equation:
35. Find the particular solution of the differential 37. Solve the following differential
dy
equation (-y) =X+ 2y, given that y= 0 when
dx
x= 1. [CBSE 2017] [CBSE 2015]

36. Show that the differential equation

dy is
dx
homogeneous and also solve it. [CBSE 2015]

Solutions of Linear Differential Equations of First Order

VSA Very Short Answer Type Questions (2Marks)

38. Solve the following differential equation: 41. Find the integrating factor of the differential equation
dy +y= COs x Sin x [CBSE 2019]
le-s [CBSE 2015]
-=1.
dx
39. Find the general solution of the differential equation 42. Write the integrating factor of the following differential
dy + 2y = e [CBSE 2017(C)] equation:
dx
40, Find the integrating factor of the differential equation (1+y) + (2ry - cot y) dx =0. [CBSE 2015]
dy 1 +y [CBSE 2017(C)]
dx +y=

SA Short Answer Type Questions (3 Marks)

differential
43. Find the particular solution of the 46. Solve the differential equation:
1 dy 2x
equation (1 +xdx) +2xy = 1+2 given that [CBSE 2019]
y=1 when x= 0 [CBSE 2023 (C)] 47. Solve the differential equation:
44. Solve the following differential equation: dy X + y coSx|
[CBSE 2019]
dx 1+ sinx
(y-sin x)dx + tan x dy = 0 [CBSE 2022]
48. Find the particular solution of the differential
45. Solve the differential equation:
equation dy + 2y tanx = sin x, given that y= 0
(1 + x)+ 2ry - 4r' = 0, subject to the initial
dx
de
when x = [CBSE 2018]
condition y(0) = 0. [CBSE 2019] 3
 .Differential Equations (131)

49. Solve the differential cquation 54. Solve the differential cquation
(tan'x-ydr = (1 + )dy. |CBSE 2017] (1+r}9+y=pla' |CBSE 2014]
equation
50. Find the general solution of the differential 55. Find a particular solution of the differential equation
T
dy
y dr - (r + 2y) dy = 0, |CBSE 2017)
+2y tanx= sin x, given that y= 0, when x = 3
dx
51. Find the general solution of the differential equation [CBSE2014)
dy -y= sin x. |CBSE 2017] 56. Solve the differential cquation:
dx dy
52. Solve the following differential cquation: x log x
de
+y= log x. [CBSE 2014]

(cot'y + x)dy = (1 + y)dx |CBSE 2016] 57. Solve the differential equation
dy
53. Solve the following differential equation: +y cot x = 2cos x, given that
dx
2 T
[CBSE 2014]
+ 2xy = |CBSE 2014] y= 0, when x =
dx x-1

LA Long Answer Type Questions (5 Marks)

58. Solve the differential equation 60. Find the particular solution of the differential
dy cquation dy = cos x(2-y cosec x) dx, given that
x+y =X cosx + sin x, given that y = 1 when y= 2 when x = [CBSE 2017]
dx 2

X= [CBSE 2017) 61. Find the particular solution of the differential

2 dy
59. Find the particular solution of the differential
equation (1 + y) + (x - etan y = 0, given that
dx
y=0when x 1. |CBSE 2017|
dy
equation dx -3y cot x = sin 2r, given that y = 2 62. Find the particular solution of the differential
[CBSE 2017]
cquation (tan y- x) dy = (1 + y') dr, given that
when x =
x= 1hen y= 0. [CBSE 2015]

CBQ Case-Based Question (4 Marks)

63. An equation involving derivatives of the dependent type dy = F(,y) = swe make the substitution
variable with respect to the independent variables is y= vx and then separate the variables.
called a differential equation. Adifferential equation [CBSE 2023(C)]
dy F(y,y) is said to be homogencous Based on the above, answer tho following questions:
of the form =
dx
of degree
if F(x, y) is a homogeneous function (i) Show that( - y)dx + 2xy dy = 0 is a
homogeneous
zero, whereas a function F(x, y) is a differential equation of the type dy
function of degree n if F(x, y) = N" F(x,
y). To dx
(ii) .Solve the above equation to find its
-
equation of the general
solve a homogeneous differential solution.
 SOLUTIONS
1. (d), For differential equation Alternatively
From (i)
+=0 dy logx
Order = 2, degree =2 logx
Difference = 0 --[;d-f | Let log x=t
2. Consider x d'y tan'y = -loglx| - t dt
d?
=-log |x +C
d'y 2
Highest order derivative is (log |x |)²
= - loglx| - + C
2
:. order =2, degree = 1.
> tan'y + log lx + (log lx| = C
3. Given = 0 2
dy
7. Consider
Highest order derivative is dy ,and equation is written as =
dy?
a polynomial of derivatives.
.. order= 2, degree = 2 e=et+Cis requircd solution.
/dy d'y
4 = 0
d d? 8. Consider equationcos =a

Order = 2, Degree=1 dy
Sum of the order and degree = 2 +1=3 =cos'a > dy = cos'a.de
dx
5. Given differential equation,
’ dy =cos'adr y= cos'a *+C
d'y
+* = 0
9. Consider |=3 +4y
Order = 2, degree =2
Sum = 2 + 2 = 4 y = r +4y =er
de
6. (a) Consider equation edy = ede
(1 + y)(1 + log x)dr + xdy = 0 Integrating both sides, we get
xdy = - (1 +y)(1 + log x)r
dy + logr
dx ..) 1 1
- e - e t Cis required solution.
|Let 1+ log x = dy -=2
tan'y =-[r dt = dt
10. Given
de
= 2

[1+logx| 2'
tany = 2
+k =x+Cis the required solution.
log,2
tany+
(1+ logx]' =k
2 11. Consider equation (x + 1) de = 2e-1
tanty + u + (logx)? + 2log x] = k dy dx
2e-1 X+1
(log |x |)²
» tan 'y + + log|x| =k edy dx |Let 2-e=t
2
x+1 dy = dt
tan'y +
(log | x|)² + log |x| = C,C= k dx
2 2 I+1
 -loglt| = log<x + 1| + log C Differential Equations (133)

- log|2-el = log|C + 1)| Consider 2y Let 1-y' =t

log|2-e'| =log|C+1)| 1-ya -2y dy = dt
1 1
2-e'
= C(t + 1) ydy = -dt
2
(2-ex +1)C = 1
Given y(0) = 0, i.e. whenx = 0,y = 0
(2-e0+ 1)C =1C=1 =log|1 -y|+C;
2 ...iü)

From (), (2-e)+ 1) =lis the required solution. and 1+log x Let 1 + logx =t

12.
dy
= 1++y' + dr =dt
d:
= 1(1 +) +y(1 + - [ida =5+G=1+log*Y +C, ...üü)
= (1 +*)(1 +)
dy Substituting from (ii) and (iiü) in (), we get
- (1 +)d:
1+y' logl1 -y|+ C,=-1+log1 +c, ..iv)
Integrating both sides, we get
dy --log(1 -y)=-0+loga3² +C,
where C = C,-C,
tany = x+ +C .) Given y= 0, whenx=1
3
When x = 0,)y=1 log1 =-l +log If +C
tan 1= 0+0+C ’ C= 4 0 =+Cc 2
Substituting in (), we get
:. from (iv)
tan'y =x + +4 as the required solution.
13. Consider equation
e tan yde + (2-e)sec'y dy = 0 (1+ logr?- log|1- | =1 isthe particular solution.
(2-esecy dy = -etan ydx 15. Consider e'/1-y'du +Zdy =0
sec'y e*
tany
dy =

e*-2
-dx
= -e1-yde
Integrating both sides, we get -dy = -xe dx
-sec'y
tany Integrating both sides, we get
log| tan y| = logle-2| + logC
= log| C(e-2)|
tan y = C(e-2) ..)
Given y =
4
when x=0 - Let 1-y² =t
tan = Ce-2)
4 ’ -2y dy = dt
1 = -C»C=-1
Substituting in (), we get = - xe'-e] + C
tan y = - (e-2)
/1-y² = xe-e-C ..)
Or tan y=2-¢ is particular solution. Given y= 1,whenx = 0
14. Consider the equation 1-1 = 0.e-e-C
(1-0+logx)dx + 20y dy =0 C= -1
2y dy = -(|-y)(1 + logx)x Substituting in (), we get
J=-(l+log
2y x-dx ..) J-y' = xe-e+l is the particular solution.
134) Chapterwise CBSE PYQs (Mathematics)-12.
dy = (1 + x) x
16. Consider the equation
dy 1+y
cosecx log y d: +x'y = 0 Integrating both sides, we get
dy
cosec.x logy
dy
= -? = J(1+x)dx
dx 1+y
log y-dy =
COsec X
log | 1 +y| = x++C
2
..)
Given y =0, whenx=1
Integrating both sides, we get 1 3

. log y
»log | 1 +0|= 1+-+C’C=
2
-dy = -[r' sin .x dx Substituting in (i), we get
y'
log | 1+yl= x+ is the required solution.
log y 2
19. Consider the equation,
-[*(-cos *)- (2*-(- cos x)áe x(1 +y'dx-y (1 +x)dy = 0
x(1 +y'dx = y(1 +dy
-log y+(ydy = *cos x-2/xcosrdk
-dx = -dy
1 1+x 1+y?
’-log y-=tcos x- 2[x sinx -[1- sin xde] Integrating both sides, we get
1-log y. y
=cos x- 2r sin x2 cos x+ C is the
required solution.
2x 2y
17. Consider the equation
dy x (2 log x + 1)
dx sin y + y cos y log|1 +x=log|1
2 +y'| +C ..)
» (sin y+y cos y) dy =x(2 logx+1) dx
Integrating both sides, we get
(siny +ycosy) dy =x (2 logr +1)d
Using (f=
f*) log |f)
Giveny=1, when x= 0,
fsin ydy +fy cos ydy =2fx log xdk +fxdk 1
log 1 =
1
log 2 + C
2 2
» sin ydy +ysin y-1 sin ydy =
C = -log
2
2
Substituting in (), we get
’ ysin y =*log x- (x du + log | 1+x| = log
2 |1+y'|-=log 2
’ ysiny= x* logx + log | 1 +x| =log |1+y?
2
’ysin y=x*log x+C ..) 2(1 +x) = 1+y²
Given y = 2 when x = 1 y'-2r = lis the required solution.
20. Consider log =3r + 4y
.sin =1·log 1 + C C=
22 2
dy
Substituting in (i), we get = er +4y = r.y
y siny =x logx + is the required solution. e dy = e d
2
18. Consider the cquation Integrating both sides, we get
dy = 1+x +y + xy
1
dy ..)
= 1(1 + x) + y(1 +x) 3
dx Giveny=0, when x= 0
= (1 +x)(1 + y) 1 -7
=+c ’C= -
4 12
 Differential Equations (135)
Substituting in (), we get
7
12
d
-1
t = 4e-7 is the particular solution.
1. Considercquation dt =t+

a- t+ (° +rydr = 0
Hl-yldy = -yl+ )dr ..üü)

1-y. (1+*)
-dy = -dr Substituting from (i) and (iii) in (i), we get
y² Vi+x'1
Integrating both sides, we get V1+y =-/1+r. +C

y
is the required solution.
dy y
log+1
23. Given ...)
dr +y
dy dv
Let y = vI ’ =v+x
dx dr
- log |y| =
From (i), we get
Given y = 1, when x=1 V

-1-log1 = -1+ 1) + C 1+²

C= -1 d
Substituting in (i), we get dx 1+y'
1
log lyl =
-x-1 is the required solution. 1+? 1+
y

22. Consider the equation, -dv =

dy = 0
dx
dy + log |v = -log |x+ C
y
dr
= -/1+*+y' +x'y' -2
1
dy + log |v| + log |x = C
dx
= -/1+r) /1+y) 2v

-/1+*) V1+y) +log|=c

-/1+' +log |y|= C
-dy = -dx ...ü)
/1+y? 2y
Given y= 1 when x=0
Integrating both sides, we get
0 + log |1| = C
dy =
1+x* dx ..1) C= 0

Hence, from (iü), particular solution is -2y2 + log |yl = 0.

Cmsider. - dy xy
| Let 1+y =t 24. ...()
2ydy = dt
dx x+y Homogeneous equation
dy dv
...(i) =y+x

-1fi=/1+y
2 1
2
Let y= VX

From (i),
dv
1+3
Consider, ( l+*d +

| Let 1 +'=? dv
---4
2xdx = 21dt 1+
x dx
xdx = tdt
(136) Chapterwise CBSE PYQs (Mathematics)-12
dx dv
Let x = vy ’ =y +y
dy dy
From (i), we get
dy =V +
v+y
dy
-1
3,3 +log|v| = -loglx|+ C dv
dy
-+log|=-log|x|+ C
e' = y + C
+ log| y| = Cis required solution. e = y+C
3y 27. Consider equation
25. Consider
8 the equation,
dy xdy -ydr = /r+y d
de xdy = (y+/**+y)dx
dy ysia()-* dy y++y²
..()
dy
zsin2) Let y = VX’
dy
dr de
-cosee) ..i) dv
Consider F(z,y) =-cosec) dx
= v+ /1+² [from (1)]
F(x, y) = -- cosec
xdx= 1 +
-cosec ) =

= F(x,y)
Hence, function is homogeneous, so corresponding log | v+1+y |= log lx| + log C
differential equation is homogeneous.
dy dv
’ log |v+1+y² |= log C
Let y = VX =y+X.
dx dx
From (i), we get
dv y+ /x*+y² = C
V+x = V- COsec V ..)
dx
Given y =0when x= 1
dv
=-COSec v
dx 0+ V1+0 =C.(1)°’C= 1
dv dx :. From (i), y+ x'+y² = is the solution.
COsec v
28. Consider equation (-ydr + 2rydy =0
sin vdv = dy
- cos v = -log|x| +C dx 2ry ...)
= log|x|-C ..(ii) Let y= VX’
dy dv
=V+x
Given x= 1, wheny= dx dx
Substituting in (i), we get
cos2 = log|1|-C»C=0 (From (i)]
v+x dv

26.
c) = log|x| is the particular solution.
Consider equation
dr
v'-1
2x'v 2y

v'-1-2v2
yedx = (re +y')dy, y+0
=

dx 21 2v
dx xe + y
-(1+ v)
dy 2v
dx 2v

dy .)
 Differential Equations (137)
Integrating both sides, we get
2v dx (+ y)? (- y')
-*
log|1+v| = -loglx| + log|C| ( +y)c =-y' is solution (where k² = C)
30. Consider equation
log|1+v²| = log 2y.et dx + (y - 2re)dy = 0
C y- 2re"
1+ y² = -’1+ dx
..)
dy 2ve
’t+y = Ct is solution. dx dv
Let x = vy ’ = V+y.
29. Consider equation, dy dy
( -3)d: = (y-3r'y)dy Substituting in (i), we get
x-3ry? y- 2vye" -1+ 2ve'
dy v+y =
dx
..) dy 2ye" 2P
y'-3ry
dv -1+ 2ve'
dy dv
Let y = VX = V+X dy 2e'
de dx
-1 + 2ve'- 2ve -1
dv -3xy 1-3,2 =

From (i), v+x 2e' 22'

dx x'-3r'y v'-3v
1dy
dv 1-3y2 , l - 3
-3y2-y+ 3v2 e'dv =
2 y
dx y-3v v'-3v
dv 1
d v²-3v 1-y
e=- 2
log |y| + C
...(i)
|Let y =| el =-logly|
2 +C ...(ü)
For d 4v'dv= dt
Given x= 0, when y=1
log |1 -|
4
=
-log
2
1+ C»C=1
=
log |1 -v| Substituting in (ii), we get
|Let =t
1 logly| + l as the particular solution.
For e 2vdy = dt
31. Consider equation,
2

|1+y2
1
1-j2 dy
2x2 x cOs = y cos

From (ii) we get

-log |1 -v'|-og 1-y = log|x| + log |k| dy. yco)** ...)

dx

l1-v|+3logo Let y = vx ’
dy
= V+.
dx
|(1-v)(1+ v') x(1 + v)| Substituting in (i), we get
log dv VX COSV+x
(1-v)
(1+) 1 V
COS V+1
COS V
VcoS V +1.
(1-v) COS V
VCOS V+1-ycos
COS P

(j-) dv
COS V
138 Chapterwise CBSE PYQs (Mathematics)-12.
Integrating both sides, we get 1+ Let 1-2v -v =
Consider 1-2y-y? (-2-2v)dv = dt
sin v = log |x + C -2(1 + v)dv = dt
loglr|
sin) = log |x| +C is general solution.

32. Consider cquation 2y a =+y?

dy =-log|1-2v -v|
From (iü), we get
dy log|1 -2v -|= loglx| + log C
dy = 2y ..) 2

Let
dy dv ’ log|12v- v'7 = log| Cx|
y = Vxdr =V +x dr 1
-= Cx
From (i), we get V1-2v -v?
dy 1+ y2
= Cx
v+Xx 1+y²
2rvx 2v
dv

1+y-2y2 1-y2 = Cx
2V 2y Vr-2ry -y²
2v dx
1-y2 dv = ’ l=C/*- 21y-y'
Integrating both sides, we get -2y -y²=
2v dv |Let 1-v =t
-2vdy = dt = k is the required solution.
34. Consider y'de + (-y +ydy = 0
dy
- log |4| = log |x| + log C dx
..(.)
-y+ y
log| |- = log |Cx| dy
1 Let y = VX ’ =p+xdv
= Cr» Cr (1 -v) = 1 dx dx
From (), we get

de 1-v+y'
Cot-y) =x is the general solution. dv
33. Consider equation dx 1-v+y'
dy dy '-v+
y+x d = X-
x-y
dr 1-v+' 1-y+y
dy 1-v+y?
(x + y) = X-y
dx
dy X-y
dx X+y
....) Integrating weget, (=+--(dr
Lety = Vx
dy dy
-=V+x
dx dx
From i), we get v(y² +1)
1-v
dx 1+v v²+1
dv 1-v ’ log|v -tan-y= -log|x| +C
- L
dx
=I-2v
logly| -log*| -tan(= -log|*| + C
...(i)
» logly| -anCisrequired solution.
 Alternatively Differential Equations (139)
d = ay + y') 2y + x
dy. y' /3 tan + +
= loglx| +C
dr /3
dy »3tan
Zy +x

Let x = y ’ =y +y logle +ny +y|=C ...)

dy dy Given y= 0, whenx= 1
From (i)
dv
v+y = y'+ v-1 log|1| = C
dy
3.I = C ’ C=
= -(v + 1) 6 6
dy
Substituting in (i), we get
dv dy
2y +x
v'+1 V3 tan)-log|+xy
/3x 2
+yl = 6
Integrating we get,
dv
is required solution.
= 36. Consider
v'+1
dy
tan-'y -logly| +C dx xy-x
tan+logly|= C y?
Let fl, y) =
35. Consider equation (r-y) dx =x+ 2y
dy x+2y
..) f(x, y)= =fu y)
ds X-y 'y-A'x 2'(y-) y -?

Let y = VX ’
dy As the function f(&, y) is homogencous, hence, the given
d dx differential cquation is homogeneous.
From (i), we get dy
1+ 2v Lety = vx ’
dx dr
dr 1-y
dv 1+ 2v
From (i), we get
--V
dx 1-v.
1+ 2v -v+y' 1+v+v? dx v-1

1-y 1-y dv '-y'+V

1-y V-1 V-1 v-1

Integrating we get
1-v
y-log |v = log x| + C
d
1+v+y
-log| = log lx| +C
y
-3-(1 + 2v) log ly| + log lx| = log lx +C
1+v+ y?
1+ 2v -log ly| = Cis the required equation.

37. Cansider y-ro)Jo+|pco)-2 sia)lae -0

dy
..(()
3 2
v+
2 y-xcos)
2 /3 -(an /3 2
log|1+v+ =loglx| +C
Let y = VI’
2
140) Chapterwise CBSE PYQs (Mathematics)-12.
From (i), we get 40. Consider equation +y= 1+y
v+x*dv
2r sin V- Vë COS V
dx VÊ- COS V
2 sin v -v cos V +y-+(l-
V- cOS V
=-a
x
dv 2sin v -vCOS V : Integrating factor
dx V- coS V
=eoglx| =.oglxl =
2 sin v- v cosy-y+vcos v
dy p-2x
41.
dv 2sin v -y' dx
X
e-2A
dx V- coS V dy 1
+
V- coS V dx Vx
2 sin v y2
Integrating factor = =
Integrating both sides, we get
V- cos V dy .= 0
2 sin v-y?
-dv = 42. (1 +y') + (21y - coty)
Let 2 sin v -y² =t dy
» (2 cos v - 2v)dy = dt (21y - coty) -dx =(1+y)
2 log|| = log|x| + og C, 21y cot y
(where C is a constant) dy 1+y² 1+y²
2
dx 2y cot y
’ log || = log | Cx| dy 1+ y?
-X=

1
1+y
= Ct>Ct2sin v-y² =1
Integrating factor =el+ =s|l +y=1+ y'.
=1 dy 2 1
43. +
(1+x)²
C:2x' sin(-y² =1 Here P(x) =
2x 1

(1+*)?
»2² sin( -y'=k, where k = is the required
IF, = e 1+r = elos|1 +*l= (1 +
solution.
dy +y = cOSx Solution is,
38. Consider sin x
dy (LF.y = |{WF)O0)}du
Here, P) = 1,Q) = cos x- sin
Integrating factor = e/la = (1+)y= 1+x
Solution is e'y =e(cosx - sinx)dr (1+*y = tan'r +C ..()
ey = ecosx + C
Given when x = 1, y = 0
0 = tan'1+C
(: eva) +f)hdx = ef) + C]
C=
y= COs x + Ce* 4

dy + 2y =er Substituting in (), we get

39, Consider cquation (1 +*y =tan' is the required solution.
4
Here, P(x) = 2, 0) = er 44. Consider equation
Integrating factor (1.F) = =2
(y- sin"x) dx + tanx dy = 0
Solution is (|F)y = (UF)O0)} dx
tan.x dy = (sin'x-y)dx
= sin COS.N
d tan .r
»ey= +C
dy
t+ cotx .y= sinr cosx
y=+Ce is general solution.
Here Pr) = cot.x, O() = sinr cos.x
 Integrating factor
Differential Equations (141)
(LE)= kotrd =elog |sin x =sinx 47. Consider y
dx 1+ sinx
.:Solutionis
dy COSX
(sin x),y = sin x. sin x cos x dx y =:
dx 1+ sinx 1+ sinx
COSX -X
sin" x cos x dr Let sin x=t Here P(r) = Q) =
’ COs x dx = dt 1+ sinx 1+ sin
COST
Integrating factor = e1+ sin x di = elog|1+sin z = (1+ sinx)

Solution is(1LEy =(UF)00)}de

1
sin x + C
(1 + sin x)y = fa+ sins). 1+ sinx =- [xd
(1 + sinx)y = -2 ,+C
y=sin
3
x+ Ccosec xis the required solution. dy
45. Consider equation 48. Consider equation+
dx
2y tanx = sinx
(1+)+ 2yy - 4r=0 Here IE= p2f tan xde =2log|scc x| = sec²y
dx sin x
Solution is sec'x -y =| -dx
dy 2x 4x2 cos x
y=
dx 1+* 1+x =sec xtan x dr
Here P) =
2x 4x secx.y=secx + C
Q) = y= cosx + C. cosr ..)
1+x
Given y=0, when x =
3
Integrating factor = e 2
0 = cos
3
+C.cos
= elos(l +
*=(1+) 1 C
0 =
2
+
4
-’C=-2
:.Solution is (LE)y = {F)Q)} dx Substituting in (1), we get
y= cosX-2cos is particular solution.
(1++y= [1 +). 1+x? 49. Consider (tan'x-y)dx = (1 + )dy
(1+y= 4x +C ..() dy tan'x-y +
tan'x
3 dx 1+x 1+x 1+?
Given y(0) = 0, i.e. when x= 0, y=0 dy 1 tan'x
4 +
(1+ 0)0= X0+ C»C=0 dx 1+2 1+x2
3
1 tan-'x
:. From (), (1 +x)y = 4x is the required solution. Here P(r)= 1+x
1+**
3
1
46. Consider equation 2x
=+2 Integrating factor =e1+2
1+x dx
-2x
Solution is (Ey = (E).0:)dr
Here P(x) = 1422) =+2 Let tan=t
1
1+* -dr = dt
Integrating factor = p e-log(1+x
=e 1+x2
1 =| te dt =1.e- ledt
= elog(1 +x
1+x elan"y= te-e + C
Solution is (1.E)y = (0F)Q) de elan -y= tan.etan "-etan x+ C.
1 Cis constant of integration,
I+=,+2)de y= tan'r-1 + Cetn is the required solution,
(e+1) +1-dx = 50. Considerydr - (x + 2y)ly =0
x+ 2y dx 1
= =2y
dy y dy y
required solution.
I+
y =x + tan-'x + Cis the
142) Chapterwise CBSE PYQs (Mathematics)-12
dy 2
Integrating factor (7.E) = , 53. Consider the equation, ( -1)+2y = -1
=logy= 1
dy 2x 2
+ y= ..()
dx -1 (a-1)?
Solution is,*= f4 2 2
=2y +C ’x= 2y + Cy Here P(r)= Q) =
-1 (-1)?
51. Consider equation dy -y= sin x
2r

Integrating factor (1.E) = e = eol*-il=( - )

Here P(¢) =-1, 0() = sinx Solution is (.E)y= ({(F) Q4)) du
Integrating factor 2
(UE) = edt =et »-)y= [-1)
.:. Solution is
1
(E)y = [{a.F)Q0))dt -dx =
-1
ey = (e sinx dr ..)
+Cis the required solution.
Consider, I= esinx d: »-Iy =log
54. Consider the equation,
dy
=e(-cosx)-|{-e* (-cosx)}dr (1+)
’l=- cosx-ecos xdx dy 1
etan
dr 1+x 1+x
=-e cosx-e"sinx - (-e). sinx dx 1
elan
I=-e cosx -e sin xI Here, P(r) = and 2(*)
1+x' 1+x'
27 = -e(cos x + sin x)
elan
Integrating factor (I.F.) =1+x
d
-(cosx+ sin x)
2
Substituting in (), we get Solution is (L.F) y= ({(UF) Q6)} du
ey = -(cosx + sin x) + C eany =
2
1+x
y = + sin x) + Ce' is required solution. Let ean"=t
etan
52. Consider (cot'y + x)dy = (1 +y)dx = di
d coty +x cot'y 2

dy 1+y² 1+y' 1+y' elany =

dx coty 1 ean '*+Ce-tant the required solution.
’y=
dy 1+y 1+y²
1 cot'y dy
Here, P(y) =- 2) = 55. Consider, + 2y tanx = sinx
1+y² 1+y² dx
=ecor' Here, P«) = 2 tan x and Q) = sinx
Integrating factor = e 1+y
Integrating factor (/.F.)
:. Solution is
= el2tanrdi=e2 loglsce x\=gloglsce x =sec'x
dy Solution is
1+y
| Let cot'y =t
dy = dt sec'xy = (sec'x sinx du
1+y' = secx tanx dr
-te' + e' + C secxy = secX +C
y= coS + Ccosr ..()
eoy.x= -co'y eo+ecor"y +C is the required
Given y=0, when x=
solution. 3
 Differential Equations (143
>0= cos+C: cos?
Substituting in (), we get
3
»0=+C»C=2
y = coS x- 2cosx is the particular solution
Integrating factor = e'
Solution is
= eogx =x

dy (WF)y = [{(0.F) Q0)} dk

6. Consider, x log.x +y= 2 logx
dx
Dividing throughout by xlogx, we get X.y =
dy 1
x log x
2 = xcos xdu + fsin xdz
Here, P(x) =
1
and Q() =2 = xsin x- (1.sin xdr + sin xdx
x logx xy =x sin x + C ..)
Integrating factor Given y = 1, when x = 2
(LE) =ror=elog| log:| =logx -+C’C=0
2
Solution is (7.E)y = {(TF)Q0)}dt From (i), solution issy =x sin x
2 ’ y= sin x.
(logx) y = logrd 59. Consider equation
dy
-3y cotx = sin 2x
dr
2 logx **d
=
Here, P) =-3cot xand (x) = sin 2r
=
Integrating factor (LE) = e/cotzde =3/cotude
= e3log | sinr |
1
- logr +fra sin'x

=Zlogx-+c Solution is (UF)y = ((UF)O)} ds

2 y = sin 2x dr
» (logx):y= logr -+Cis the required soluion. sin'x sin'x
dy +y cotX=2 cosx 2sinx cosxdx = 2cosecx cotxd
57. Consider sin'x
dx
Here, P(x) =cot x and 2() =2cos x -y = -2cosec x+C
sin'x
Integrating factor (IF.) = e cotr d =elog |sinr |= sinx. ’y=-2sin'x + Csin'x
Solution is (GE)y =[{UF)O)}dr Given y = 2, when x =
2
sin xy = sinx2 cosx de 2= -2sin? + C.sin ’2=-2 + C’C= 4
2 2
sin x y= sin 2r de Substituting in (), we get
cos 2x
+C ..() y= -2sinx + 4 sin'x as the particular solution.
sin xy = 60. Consider equation
2
Given y = 0, when x = * dy cos x(2-y cosec x)lx
2
dy
sin .0 = COS 1 C dx
= 2cosx -y cotx
2 2
dy + cot xy=2 cOs x
0=-+C»C= 2 d
Substituting jn (i), we get Here P(x) = cot x, Qx) = 2cos x
1
sin xy = Lcos 2x is the required solution. Integrating factor (I.E) = ell xd =lgsin x = sinx
2 2
58. Consider cquation x-dy
dr ty=X COS X+ sin x Solution is (.E)y = {(0F).Q0)}dr
sin xy = sinx. (2 cosx)<dr
dy sin x
d =sin 2x dy
sin x cos 2r
Here, Pa) = Q0)= cosx + sinxy =
2
+C ..(()
(144) Chapterwise CBSE PYQs (Mathematics)12
tan-'y
Here, Po) = Q)=
Given y= 2, whenx= 1+y² 1+y'
cOS T
sin 2 = 2
+C Integrating factor =el+
tan-'y
2 =
2
Solution is, ean dy
1+y?
Substituting in (), we get Let tany=t
3-as particular solution.
sin xy =
61. Consider equation
Lcos 2r +
2
1+y
1
dy = dt
dy
(1 +y) +(a-ean=0
d
= re-|1-e' dt = te -d+c
dy .*=tany. etany. elany +C is the
= -(1+y) required
dx
solution.
-(r-ean d Given x= 1, when y= 0
1+y² dy C=2
dr elan *= tany.plan y lan-'y +2

dy 1+y? 1+y² x= tan-y-1+ 2e-tan"y

dx 1
elany
63. () Put the value of x= x and y = y
dy 1+y? 1+y' (-y')dr+ 2ty dy = 0
1 elan'y
Here, P(y) = Qy)= 2y dy = 0
1+y² 1+y
1

LE = e = plany 2y dy
1 = 0
Solution is
dy
(.E)x = [{0F)·Q0)) dy
[enlan dy
dy So,
1+y? dr
=

e'tan dy
-dy

|Let tan-y=t
(ii)
Let y = VX
-
1
Differentiating both sides with respect to x, we get
dy dv
e = +x
+C dx d
2
= v+x
d
ptan = ...)
2
'-1-2
Given y= 0 whenx=1
d:
y'-1dv
21
-VN
21'
. etan o.1 = 1 2ano4 c
2 -1- y² 21
+C’C= 2y 1+v*
2 2 ’ log (1+v') = -log x+ log C
Substituting in (i), we get
= -log + log C
2 2

X=+ean
2 2
is particular solution.
= log C
62. Consider (lan'y-xdy = (1I +y')dr
dx lan 'y
= log C =>
x+y'
dy +y²