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ES Q1 Week3b

Myself

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14 views2 pages

ES Q1 Week3b

Myself

Uploaded by

devinerulida09
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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WEEKLY LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET

Earth Science, Grade 11 Quarter 1, Week 3B

Fossil Fuels

Learning Competency:
Describe how fossil fuels are formed. (S11ES-Id-10)
Time Allotment: 2 hours

Specific Objectives:
1. Trace how fossil fuels are formed.
2. Compare and contrast coal and oil.
3. Cite uses of fossil fuels and their environmental concerns.
Key Concepts:

Fossil fuel refers to all deposits of organic materials capable of being burnt as fuels.
Fossil fuel comes in the form of:1. Coal 2. Oil/ Crude oil 3. Natural Gas

1. Coal- is a type of fossil fuel that is non-renewable source of energy. It is a solid rock
form of fossil fuel that originated from the dead plant and animal matter that piled up
in layers for over million years ago. Its material is highly composed of carbon content.

Ranks of Coal

a. The lowest rank of coal is lignite. It is brown in color and has an earthy, crumbly
texture. It is a low-grade fuel with a high moisture content that is used in industrial
boilers.
b. Sub-bituminous coal is in between lignite and bituminous. It is burned in industrial
boilers.
c. Bituminous coal is a medium rank coal. Its physical characteristics are generally
black, shiny, and hard. It is used to make coke, used in metallurgy.
d. Anthracite is the highest coal rank. It is shiny and has a conchoidal fracture. It is an
excellent fuel that is still used to heat homes.

 Carbon dioxide emissions from burning coal account for 44 percent of the world
total, and it's the biggest single source of the global temperature increase above pre-
industrial levels.

2. Oil / Crude oil or also known as Petroleum is another type of fossil fuel that is non-
renewable. It is a liquid type of fossil fuel composed mostly of hydrocarbons. Like coal,
petroleum originates from the remains of living organisms. Petroleum comes from ancient
marine organisms like marine plants, algae and bacteria. This can be extracted by drilling
on land or at sea. It can also be extracted through strip mining in the case of tar sands oil
and oil shale. Once extracted, this oil will be transported to refineries to transform oil into
usable fuels like propane, kerosene, gasoline and other fuel products.
Petroleum use accounts for nearly half the carbon emissions in the U.S.
and about a third of the global total. In addition to the air pollution released when oil
is burned, drilling and transport have led to several major accidents.

3Natural gas is a type of fossil fuel that is odorless, colorless hydrocarbon gas. It
made up of hydrocarbon that is mostly methane (CH 4). Natural gas, like other types of

Author: Christell Joy E. Raza


School/Station: Dapa National High School
Division: Siargao
email address: christelljoy.raza@deped.gov.ph
fossil fuels, is originated from the remains of plants, animals, microorganisms that once
lived millions of years ago. If a natural gas is found in porous and permeable rock beds
or mixed into oil reservoirs which can be extracted through drilling, this is called
conventional natural gas. On the other hand, unconventional natural gas are
those that are too difficult or expensive to extract and require a special stimulation
technique like fracking.

By combining fracking—or hydraulic fracturing—with horizontal drilling and other


innovations, the fossil-fuel industry has managed to extract resources that were
previously too costly to reach; 1. With natural gas we can generate electricity – with
steam turbines and gas turbines. 2. Heat from natural gas is delivered from forced-air
systems at temperatures between 50-60 degrees Celsius. The air from an electric heat
pump is typically delivered at 30-35 degrees Celsius, which is warm enough to heat a
room – but much cooler than the average human temperature of 36-37 degrees
Celsius.

Natural gas is cleaner than coal and oil in terms of emissions, but
nonetheless accounts for a fifth of the world's total, not counting the so-called fugitive
emissions that escape from the industry, which can be significant. Not all of the
world’s natural gas sources are being actively mined. Undersea methane hydrates, for
example, where gas is trapped in frozen water, are being eyed as a potential gas
resource.

Fossil Fuel Consumption

As of 2013, the Philippines’ fossil fuel consumption is 61.25% of the total country energy
consumption. Many power plants depend on coal and diesel as fuel for their equipment.

Advantages of using Fossil Fuels

 Many industries depend on the use of fossil fuels to power their machines and other
equipment.
 Fossil fuels are very efficient. It can produce huge amounts of energy especially coal
and oil.

Disadvantages of using Fossil Fuels

 Burning of fossil fuels produces carbon dioxide and other harmful gases which degrade
the environment.
 Fossil fuels cannot be renewed in short periods of time.

Author: Christell Joy E. Raza


School/Station: Dapa National High School
Division: Siargao
email address: christelljoy.raza@deped.gov.ph

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