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Earth Science Lesson 7

Fossil fuels such as coal, oil, and natural gas are the world's primary energy source. They provide most of the energy for transportation, electricity, heating and cooling buildings, and industrial activities. Coal forms from ancient plant remains and there are four main types: lignite, sub-bituminous, bituminous, and anthracite. Oil forms from microscopic organisms and is found underground. Natural gas forms from methane and is lighter than air. These fossil fuels were trapped in rock formations over millions of years.

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Frances Marinnelle Estrellan
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40 views23 pages

Earth Science Lesson 7

Fossil fuels such as coal, oil, and natural gas are the world's primary energy source. They provide most of the energy for transportation, electricity, heating and cooling buildings, and industrial activities. Coal forms from ancient plant remains and there are four main types: lignite, sub-bituminous, bituminous, and anthracite. Oil forms from microscopic organisms and is found underground. Natural gas forms from methane and is lighter than air. These fossil fuels were trapped in rock formations over millions of years.

Uploaded by

Frances Marinnelle Estrellan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ENERGY RESOURCES

(FOSSIL FUELS, GEOTHERMAL, HYDROELECTRIC)


It is the world’s primary energy source. It provides most

of the energy that supports human transportation, electricity

production, heating and cooling of buildings and various

industrial activities.
Fossil fuels include coal, oil or petroleum, and

gas, which are nonrenewable sources of energy

derived from the remains of prehistoric plants and animals

that died millions of years ago and were buried under the

right conditions to form fossils.


Three Major Forms of Fossil Fuels
Coal

A black combustible rock made up of elemental carbon

(basic element among fossil fuel), hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen,

and varying amount of sulfur. Coal is formed from the remains

of plants that once grew in swamps and forest millions of years

ago. It is the most abundant fossil fuels.


Four Types of Coal
a. Lignite – is a soft brownish-black coal that forms the lowest level
of a coal family, composed of 70% carbon

b. Sub-bituminous – is a dull black coal. It gives off a little more


energy than lignite when it burns

c. Bituminous – sometimes called ``soft coal”

d. Anthracites – the hardest coal and gives off a great amount of


heat when it burns
Oil or Petroleum

It is naturally occurring liquid compound of complex hydrocarbon and is found

in geological formations underneath earth’s surface. Petroleum is a fossil fuel

derived from large quantities of microscopic organisms such as algae and

planktons, the remains of these organism remain settled to the sea or lake bottoms.

It forms within a specific depth, pressure and temperature range known as “oil

window”.
Natural Gas

Is a hydrocarbon mostly made up of methane (CH4) made of

carbon and hydrogen atoms. This gas is lighter than air and is highly

flammable.
Petroleum and natural gas migrates upwards and are

sometimes stores within porous reservoir rocks, such as

sandstone, until they become trapped by an impermeable layer of

rock to prevent further migration. This scenario gives rise to

petroleum and natural gas deposits that are being extracted at

present.

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