FIRST PRE-BOARD EXAMINATION: 2024 – 25

SUBJECT: PHYSICS
Grade: X Max. Marks: 80
Duration: 2 Hrs.
Answers to this paper must be written on the paper provided separately.
You will not be allowed to write during first 15 minutes.
This time is to be spent in reading the question paper.
The time given at the head of this Paper is the time allowed for writing the answers.
Section A is compulsory. Attempt any four questions from Section B.
The intended marks for questions or parts of questions are given in brackets [ ].

SECTION A (40 marks)

(Attempt all questions from this Section.)

Question 1
Choose the correct answers to the questions from the given options. [15]
(Do not copy the question, write the correct answers only.)
(i) For a stable equilibrium of a body its centre of gravity must be __________.
(a) at the base of the body
(b) at the centre of the body
(c) above the base and near the centre of the body
(d) does not matter, can be anywhere
(ii) The work done by a fielder when he takes a catch in a cricket match is:
(a) Zero (b) Negative
(c) Positive (d) can be (a) or (b)
(iii) Look at the image of the pulley. If the block has a mass of 5 kg, which of the following
statements is true about the minimum effort required to lift the block if friction is
ignored.
(a) It would take 0 kg of effort to lift the bucket.
(b) It would take 2.5 kg of effort to lift the bucket.
(c) It would take 5 kg of effort to lift the bucket.
(d) It would take 10 kg of effort to lift the bucket.

(iv) For a ray of light incident on a prism of angle A, the wrong statement is:
(a) The angle of deviation will increase with increase in angle A
(b) The angle of deviation will increase as refractive index is increased
(c) Angle of deviation is more for violet than red light
(d) All colours deviate to same extent.

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(v) A beam of light is incident through the holes on side A and emerges out of the hole on
the other face of the box as shown in the figure. Which of the following could be inside
the box?
(a) Concave lens
(b) Rectangular glass slab
(c) Prism
(d) Convex lens

(vi) Assertion (A): An empty test tube placed in water in a beaker with its mouth outside
the water surface appears silvery when viewed from a suitable direction.
Reason (R): The substance in water appears silvery due to refraction of light.
(a) Both A and R are true. (b) Both A and R are false.
(c) A is false but R is true. (d) A is true but R is false.
(vii) A tuning fork of frequency 256Hz will resonate with frequency.

(viii) If three resistors 𝑅1, 𝑅2 and 𝑅3 are connected in series and by R1 ˃ R2 ˃ R3, then what
(a) 128Hz (b) 256Hz (c) 384Hz (d) 356Hz.

is the relation between the currents 𝐼1, 𝐼2 and 𝐼3 respectively flowing through them?

(d) 1/I1 < 1/I2 < 1/ 𝐼3

(a) I1 = 12 = I3 (b) I1 < I2 < I3
(c) I1 ˃ I2 ˃ I3
(ix) Identify the option that displays the correct wiring with correct colour code.

(a) (b)

(c) (d)

(x) The given rods will attract each other when:

(a) A and C are connected to positive terminal of the
battery.

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 (b) B and C are connected to the positive terminal of the battery.
(c) A and D are connected to the positive terminal of the battery.
(d) A and D are connected to the negative terminal of the battery.

(xi) Which of the following is incorrect when a solid changes in to a liquid, without any
change in temperature?
(a) The average kinetic energy of the molecules increases.
(b) The average kinetic energy of the molecules decreases.
(c) The potential energy of the molecules increases.
(d) The potential energy of the molecules decreases.
(xii) A radioactive element is placed in an evacuated chamber. Then the rate of radioactive
decay will
(a) decrease
(b) increase
(c) remain unchanged
(d) depend on the surrounding temperature
(xiii) A lens produces a magnification of + 0.5.
(a) It is a concave lens and v=0.5u (b) It is a convex lens and v=0.5u
(c) It is a concave lens and v= -0.5u (d) It is a convex lens and v= -0.5u
(xiv) The centre of gravity of a cricket ball is at:
(a) its geometric centre (b) its bottom touching the ground
(c) its topmost point (d) at any point on its surface
(xv) What is the ratio of wavelengths between P, Q and R?

(a) 3:2:1 (b) 1:2:3

(c) 6:3:2 (d) 2:3:6

Question 2
(i) Complete the following by choosing the correct answers from the bracket: [6]
(a) When a bell fixed on a cycle rings, then the energy conversion that takes place is
__________.
(b) The position of centre of gravity of a body of given mass depends on________.
(c) One horse power is equal to __________W.
(d) Pitch of sound is determined by its ____________.
(e) In nuclear reaction237 237
90 Th → 91 Pa + X . Here particle X is ___________.

(f) A radiation P is focused by a proper device on the bulb of a thermometer. The

mercury in the thermometer shows rapid increase. Radiation P is___________.
9
(ii) (a) Refractive index of glass with respect to water is . Find the refractive index of
8
water with respect to glass.
(b) Name the principle used to find the value in part (a). [2]
(iii) (a) Draw a graph to show the current- voltage relationship of an ohmic resistor.
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 (b) Give one example of an ohmic resistor. [2]
Question 3
(i) A tight rope walker in a circus holds a long flexible pole to help stay balanced on the
rope. Holding the pole horizontally and perpendicular to the rope helps the performer.
Name and state the principle used by the walker. [2]

(ii) Why echoes cannot be heard in a small room? [2]

(iii) “Refractive index of a medium is least for the red colour of light”. Justify this
statement. [2]
(iv) In the following atoms, which one is a radio isotope? Give one use of this isotope.
O16, C 14, N14, He4. [2]
(v) A source of heat supplies heat at a constant rate to a solid cube. The variation of the
temperature of the cube with the heat supplied is shown in the figure given below.
(a) What does the slope of the part DE represent?
(b) If CD = 2.5 AB, what does it mean?

(vi) A fuse is rated 5 A. Can it be used with a geyser

rated 1540 W, 220 V? Give supporting calculations to justify your answer. [2]
(vii) Observe the electric circuit given below and answer the questions that follow.

(a) If we increase the current in the above circuit using a rheostat, will the reading of
the voltmeter decrease or increase?
(b) Give a reason for your answer in (a).
(c) The present reading of the voltmeter is 2 V, and the current in the circuit is 0.8 A.
Calculate the potential drop when the current in the circuit becomes 1 A.

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 Given E = 3V. [3]
SECTION B (40 marks)
(Attempt any four questions from this Section)

Question 4
(i) A car is moving on a levelled road and gets its velocity doubled. In this process,
(a) How would the potential energy of the car change?
(b) How would the kinetic energy of the car change?
(c) How will its momentum change? [3]
(ii) The graph shows load against effort for a lever with load and effort on the same side of
the fulcrum.

(a) Which feature of the load and effort graph must be calculated to determine the
mechanical advantage?
(b) Which class does this lever belong to?
(c) Give one example for the type of lever you explained in (b). [3]
(iii) The wheel shown in the diagram has a fixed axle passing through O.
The wheel is kept stationary under the acting of (1) a horizontal force
F1 at A and (2) a vertical force F2 at B.
(a) Show the direction of force F2 in the diagram.
(b) Which of the force F1 or F2 is greater?
(c) Find the ratio between the forces F1 and F2.
Given: AO = 2.5 cm, BO’ = 1.5 cm and O’O = 2.0 cm. [4]
Question 5
(i) Figure shows a mixture of blue, green and red coloured rays’ incident normally on a
right-angled glass prism. The critical angles of the material of the prism for red, green
and blue are 46°, 44° and 43° respectively. Copy the diagram and complete the path of
each colour till it emerges out through the prism. [3]

(ii)
AB is an object and PQ is its real, inverted image. The
lengths of AB and PQ are equal. This is possible when
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 a lens is present between the object and its image.

(a) What kind of lens is used here? Also, state the

position of the lens and where it is to be placed.
(b) Name a device where this lens action is used. [3]
(iii) (a) State two differences between mechanical and electromagnetic waves.
(b) Name the electromagnetic radiations having:
(I) highest wavelength (II) maximum heating effect [4]
Question 6
(i) We often see a guitarist to adjust his guitar for tuning before any musical performance
as shown in figure.

(a) What adjustment is he doing here by rotating the knobs?

(b) While playing the guitar he also places his finger at different position on the
strings. How does it affect the desired pitch?
(c) Also explain how the thickness of strings affects the pitch. [3]
(ii) The diagram below shows the displacement- time graph for a vibrating body.

(a) Name the type of vibrations produced by the vibrating body.

(b) Give one example for a body producing such vibrations.
(c) Why is the amplitude of the wave gradually decreasing? [3]

(iii) Two simple pendulums C and D of different lengths are suspended from the same
string/wire as shown in the given figure. When C is displaced from its mean position
and let go, it is found that D also starts vibrating.

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 (a) Name the phenomenon responsible for the vibrations of D.
(b) Does the frequency of vibration of D depend on its own length or on the
frequency of vibration of C?
(c) An observer standing between two parallel cliffs, emits an intense sound note.
Two successive echoes are then heard after 5 s and 7 s. Calculate the distance
between the cliffs. (Speed of sound = 340 m/s) [4]
Question 7
(i) (a) Shruthi draws magnetic field lines close to the axis of a current carrying circular
loop. As she moves away from the centre of the circular loop, she observes that
the lines keep on diverging. Explain the reason for her observation.
(b) How does an increase in the temperature affect the specific resistance of a:
(I) Metal and (II) Semiconductor? [3]
(ii) The diagram below shows three resistors connected across a cell of e.m.f. 1.8 V and
internal resistance r. Calculate:
(a) current through 3 Ω resistor.
(b) the internal resistance r. [3]

(iii) For a science exhibition, two students A and B brought two similar exhibits. Both the
exhibits consist of a coil placed in the magnetic field. Student A rotates the coil and
the bulb connected to it glows. Student B passes current through the coil and the coil
rotates.
(a) Name the phenomena involved with the exhibit of student A.
(b) State the principle based on which the exhibit of student B works.
(c) List the application of the above exhibits in daily life. [4]

Question 8
(i) (a) An equal quantity of heat is supplied to two substances A and B. The substance A
shows a greater rise in temperature. What can you say about the heat capacity of
A as compared to that of B?
(b) Explain why one feels ice cream at 0° C colder than water at 0°C?
(c) Specific heat capacity of substance A is 3.8 J g-1 K-1 whereas the specific heat
capacity of substance B is 0.4 J g-1 K-1. Which of the two is a good conductor of
heat? [3]

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(ii) A solid of mass 50 g at 150°C is placed in 100 g of water at 11°C, when the final
temperature recorded is 20°C. Find the specific heat capacity of the solid.
(Specific heat capacity of water = 4.2 J/g° C) [3]
(iii) (a) Water freezes to form ice. What change would you expect in the average kinetic
energy of the molecules?
(b) Some ice is heated at a constant rate, and its temperature is recorded after every
few seconds, till steam is formed at 100°C. Draw a temperature time graph to
represent the change. Label the two phase changes in your graph.
(c) State the effect of an increase of impurities on the melting point of ice? [4]
Question 9
(i) (a) When does the nucleus of an atom tend to be radioactive?
(b) A certain nucleus X has a mass number 14 and atomic number 6. The nucleus X
changes to 147Y after the loss of a particle. Name the particle emitted and represent
this change in the form of an equation. [3]
(ii) Complete the diagram as given by drawing the deflection of radioactive radiations in an
electric field. [3]

(iii) An atomic nucleus A is composed of 84 protons and 128 neutrons. The nucleus A emits
an alpha panicle and is transformed into a nucleus B.
(a) What is the composition of B?
(b) The nucleus B emits a beta particle and is transformed into a nucleus C. What is
the composition of C?
(c) What is the mass number of nucleus A?
(d) Does the composition of C change if it emits gamma radiations? [4]

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