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Lecture # 1 - Introduction To Finishing

Finishing refers to various processes applied to fabric after it is woven or knitted, aimed at enhancing its properties for specific uses, such as making it shrink-proof or water repellent. The document outlines different types of finishing, including physical/mechanical and chemical finishing, as well as temporary and permanent finishes. It also compares physical and chemical finishing in terms of cost, permanence, and methods used.

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Taki Md Tajoar Genius
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21 views4 pages

Lecture # 1 - Introduction To Finishing

Finishing refers to various processes applied to fabric after it is woven or knitted, aimed at enhancing its properties for specific uses, such as making it shrink-proof or water repellent. The document outlines different types of finishing, including physical/mechanical and chemical finishing, as well as temporary and permanent finishes. It also compares physical and chemical finishing in terms of cost, permanence, and methods used.

Uploaded by

Taki Md Tajoar Genius
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Lecture # 1

Introduction to Finishing
Finishing:
Finishing is the general term for many processes and treatments that fabric may undergo
after it has been made (woven or knitted) and colored (dyed or printed). It is the final
processing of the cloth, and its purpose is to make the fabric suitable for its intended end
use. For example, it makes the fabric shrink-proof, softer, stiffer, water repellent, crease
resistant, or a combination of these properties.

Flowchart of Fabric Finishing


Knit Fabrics Finishing Flowchart

Dyed Wet Fabrics

Softening or other chemical finishing

Hydro extracting/Squeezing/Dewatering

Drying (Dryer/Stenter)

Calendaring/Compacting

Fabric Inspection & Packing

Delivery to Garments

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Woven Fabrics Finishing Flowchart

Softening or other chemical finishing

Squeezing/Dewatering

Stentering

Calendaring/Sanforzing

Inspection & Packing

Delivery to Garments

Textile finishes are classified in several ways

1. Classification of finishing according to Function

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2. Classification of finishing according to Processing

Physical / Mechanical Finishing


The finishing process, which is performed by machines but not using of chemicals is
called Physical / Mechanical Finishing.

 Used to control dimension


 To improve appearance and handle etc.
 Less expensive.
Example: Calendaring, Embossing, raising, sanforizing, etc.

Chemical Finishing
The finishing process, which is performed by applying chemicals that react with fibres, is
termed chemical finishing.

 Used to make glossy protection


 To Improve Performance
 Highly expensive.
Example: Starching, mercerizing, resin finishing, antibacterial finish, etc.

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Temporary Finishing
The finishing process by depositing different materials on the fabric where the finishing
materials may be removed by easy washing or clearing is called temporary finishing.
This finishing is only achieved on the surface of the materials.

Permanent /Durable Finishing


In this process, the finishing materials stabilize up to the last position of using the
material and are not damaged in any transparent process.

It is of 2 types-
 Physical finishing: - Milling of wool, raising
 Chemical finishing: - mercerizing, resin finish

Different Between physical and Chemical Finishing

Physical Finishing Chemical Finishing


 Mainly performed by m/c  This is performed by m/c and chemicals.
 No Chemical is used.  Chemical is mostly used.
 Used to control dimension, improve  Used to make glossy protection and
appearance, handle etc. performance etc.

 Less expensive.  Highly expensive.


 Less permanent.  Comparatively Permanent.

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