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Computer Notes CH 2

Data transmission involves breaking data into smaller packets for easier control and routing, with each packet containing a header, payload, and trailer for error checking. Packet switching allows each packet to take its own path to the destination, with routers determining the best route based on current traffic. USB is a serial data bus that automatically recognizes connected devices, offering benefits like no need for external power, but has slower transfer rates compared to internet connections.

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8 views3 pages

Computer Notes CH 2

Data transmission involves breaking data into smaller packets for easier control and routing, with each packet containing a header, payload, and trailer for error checking. Packet switching allows each packet to take its own path to the destination, with routers determining the best route based on current traffic. USB is a serial data bus that automatically recognizes connected devices, offering benefits like no need for external power, but has slower transfer rates compared to internet connections.

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subhanfarooq1100
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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CH#2:

Data Transmission:
>When sending data over long distances, it is broken
into data packets
>Data packets are usually smaller typically 64KIB,
making easy to control data
>The idea of splitting data helps to send Packets through
different route to destination.
Draw backs:
>When data is received, we need to recognise it or
assemble it.

Packet Structure:
(1)Packet Header:
>A packet header contains destination address (IP
address)
>Sequence number of Packet
> Originator address and Packet size
(2)Payload:
>It consists of actual data sent from sender to receiver.
Packet Trailer:
>Some ways to identify end of Packet
>It is an Error checking Method.
Cyclic Redundancy Check:
>Senders add all Values of 1 bit in Payload and store it
as hex value in trailer.
>Later Sender send data to receiver when data is
received, receiver checks hex
>Value that was stored in trailer and add up 1 bit in
payload.
>If same then no changes occur.
Packet Switching:
>Method to send data when data is broken in number of
packets.
>Each Packet follows its own Path.
>Routers determine route of Packet.
>IP address is used in selecting route for Packets by
router.
>Routing selection depends on number of Packets
waiting to be processed at each
Route.
>Shortest Path is always selected but shorter paths
sometimes get Busy and are not the best option.
>Packets reach destinations in different orders.
USB:
>Form of Serial data Bus.
>Computer Automatically Recognize it when attached to
computer through USB ports.
Benefits:
>Device automatically detects a device when it is
connected.
>Supports different transmission rate.
>Needs no external power to Operate.
Drawbacks:
>Transfer rate is slower than internet Connection.

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