MATHEMATICS

QUARTER 3
Week 7

Capsulized Self-Learning
Empowerment Toolkit

Schools Division Office of Zamboanga City

Region IX, Zamboanga Peninsula
Zamboanga City

“Unido, Junto avanza con el EduKalidad Cree, junto junto puede!”

Mary Rose A. Castillo

MT-I
Talon -Talon National High School
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SUBJECT &
GRADE LEVEL MATHEMATICS 10
QUARTER THIRD WEEK 7 DAY mm/dd/yyyy
TOPIC Probability of a Union of Two Events
LEARNING The learner illustrates the probability of a union of two events.
COMPETENCY (M10SP-IIIg-1)

IMPORTANT: Do not write anything on this material. Write your answers on

separate sheets.

UNDERSTAND
Probability of a Union of Two Events

Let’s
TERM PLAY!

Mechanics:
❖ Guess what math word is described by the 4 pictures.
❖ The number of empty boxes at the bottom represent the number of
letters of the answer.
❖ Random letters are provided which serve as the clues in getting the
right answer.
❖ Correct Math Word will lead you to our lesson for this week

Tetra Images/Getty Images

Tetra Images/Getty Images

Linarhose Bautista Gallery Tetra Images/Getty Images

Tetra Images/Getty Images

Mary Rose Castillo Gallery

Guide Questions:
1. How did you find the game? What makes it easy or difficult to
describe the given 4 pictures in 1 word? Reflect on your answer.
2. What are the words you were able to guess?
3. How is it relevant in this week’s topic?

Many events in our lives and surroundings cannot be predicted with total certainty.
We can only predict the chance of an event to occur such as how likely they are
to happen, using the idea of probability. Probability can range from 0 to 1,
where 0 means the event is impossible to happen and 1 indicates that a certain
event will occur.

Mary Rose A. Castillo, Master Teacher I, Talon – Talon National High School
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What is Probability of Events?

PROBABILITY OF EVENTS
The Probability of event E, denoted by P(E), is the probability that the
outcome of the experiment is contained in E. The probability of all the
events in a sample space adds up to 1.

In general:
𝑁𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑓𝑎𝑣𝑜𝑟𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒 𝑜𝑢𝑡𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑒/𝑠
𝑃𝑟𝑜𝑏𝑎𝑏𝑖𝑙𝑖𝑡𝑦 𝑜𝑓 𝑎𝑛 𝑒𝑣𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑷(𝑬) =
𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑓𝑎𝑣𝑜𝑟𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒 𝑜𝑢𝑡𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑒/𝑠

ILLUSTRATIVE EXAMPLES

Experiment Event (E) Favorable Total Probability

Outcome/s Outcomes of E P(E)
Tossing a coin Head will 1
occur 1 2 𝑜𝑟 0.5
2
Selecting a card Pulling out 4 1
from a deck of an Ace =
4 52 52 13
cards Card 𝑜𝑟
0.08
Rolling a die Getting a
number 5
5 6 𝑜𝑟 0.83
less than 6 6

CHECK
TERM ME OUT! B R Y

There are 12 colored marbles (4 blue, 5 red, 3 yellow) inside the jar. Let us find the
probability of picking these marbles from the jar.
4 1
a. What is the probability of picking a blue marble? = 𝑜𝑟 0 .33 𝑜𝑟 33%
12 3

5
b. What is the probability of picking a red marble? 𝑜𝑟 0.42 𝑜𝑟 42%
12
3 1
c. What is the probability of picking a yellow marble? = 𝑜𝑟 0.25 𝑜𝑟 25%
12 4

d. What color is most likely to be picked? 𝑅𝑒𝑑

8 2
e. What is the probability of picking a marble that is = 𝑜𝑟 0.67 𝑜𝑟 67%
12 3
not blue?

f. What is the probability of picking a green marble? 𝑐 0 𝑜𝑟 0%

Note that Probability can be expressed in fraction, decimal or percentage form.

Always simplify the fraction if possible.
Now let’s recall the basic concept of Probability using Venn diagram, brace yourself!

Mary Rose A. Castillo, Master Teacher I, Talon – Talon National High School
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Recall Events, Union and Intersection of events using Venn Diagram.

A B A B A B

A B A’
Complement of A

A B A B A B

B’ AUB A∩B
Complement of B A union B A intersection B

What is probability of a union and intersection of two events?

PROBABILITY OF A UNION OF TWO EVENTS

The probability that events A or B occur is the probability of the union of A
and B. The probability of a Union of Events A and B or both is denoted by
P(A U B).
The probability of a union of events A and B are illustrated in the given Venn Diagrams

P(A U B)

P(A U B)

PROBABILITY OF AN INTERSECTION OF TWO EVENTS

The probability that events A and B occur is the probability of the
intersection of A and B. The probability of an intersection of Events A and B
is denoted by P(A ∩ B).

P(A ∩ B)

Mary Rose A. Castillo, Master Teacher I, Talon – Talon National High School
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ILLUSTRATIVE EXAMPLES

Event A or Event B Equals AUB P(A U B)

3+4 7
U = 7
=
7
= 1 𝑜𝑟 100%
Odd Even Numbers in a Rolling a die
Numbers
{1, 3, 5}
U Numbers
{2, 4, 6}
= die

{1,2, 3, 4, 5, 6}
3+3
6
=
6
6
= 1 𝑜𝑟 100%
3+3−1 5

T
W
O
U O
N
E = T
W
O
(1)
(2)
N
E
(2)
6
𝑜𝑟 0.83 𝑜𝑟 83%
=
6

Event A and Event B Equals AUB P(A U B)

Odd Numbers Common Rolling a die
Numbers
{1, 3, 5}
less than 6
{1,2,3,4,5}
= elements
{1,3, 5}
3 1
=
6 2
𝑜𝑟 0.5 𝑜𝑟 50%
1

O
T
W
N
O E = O
(1)
6
𝑜𝑟 0.17
𝑜𝑟 17%

LEVEL
TERM ME UP!

One card is selected from a standard deck of 52 playing cards. Let us illustrate the
probability of selecting these cards. Set C is the universal set.
a. An Ace card (A) or a King card (K)
C C C
A 8 2
K K =
A 4 52 13
A 4
A K K 𝑜𝑟 0.15 𝑜𝑟 15%

A K A U K
P (A U K)
Total Possible Outcomes (C) = 52 4 4 4+4
P(A) = , P(K) = P(A U K) = =
Favorable Outcome for Ace card = 4 52
52 52 8
Favorable Outcome for King card = 4 𝑜𝑟 0.15 𝑜𝑟 15%
52
Favorable Outcome for King and Ace = 0
b. An Ace card (A) or a Heart card (H)
C C C
4 J
A 2 16 4
Q = 13
A A 7 K 52
8 5 3 1 12 𝑜𝑟 0. 31
9 10 or 31%
A 6 3
A H A U H
P (A U H)
Total Possible Outcomes (C) = 52 4 13 4+13−1
P(A) = , P(H) = P(A U H) =
Favorable Outcomes for Ace card = 4 52 52 52
1
Favorable Outcomes for Heart card = 13 P(A ∩ H) = 16
52 = 52 𝑜𝑟 0.31 𝑜𝑟 31%
Favorable Outcomes for Ace Heart = 1

Mary Rose A. Castillo, Master Teacher I, Talon – Talon National High School
 5

c. A Face card (F) or a Heart card (H)

C Q 2 C C
K 4 22 11
K K K 8 = 26
9 52
Q Q 10 9 3 10
Q 𝑜𝑟 0.42 𝑜𝑟 42%
J 7 6
J J
5 3
J
F H F U H P (F U H)

12 13 12+13−3
Total Possible Outcomes (C) = 52 P(F) = , P(H) = P(A U H) =
52 52 52
Favorable Outcomes for Face card = 12
3 22
Favorable Outcomes for Heart card = 13 P(F ∩ H) = = 52 𝑜𝑟 0.42 𝑜𝑟 42%
52
Favorable Outcomes for Face Heart = 3

SAQ 1: How do you determine the probability of a union of two events?

SAQ 2: Cite 3 situations in your daily life where probability is applied.

Let’s Practice! (Write your answer on the separate sheets.)

ACTIVITY
TERM 1: Shade My Region!

Directions: Using the Venn Diagram in numbers 2, 4, 5 and 7, shade the region/s that
make/s up the given probabilities. Note that U represents the universal set.

U
Event A Event B

.1 .2 .3

.4

1. P(A) 2. P(B) 3. P(A ∩ B) 4. P(A U B)

U U U U
A B A B A B A B
.2 .3 .2 .3 .1 .2 .3 .2 .3
.1 .1 .1
.4 .4 .4 .4

5. P(A’) 6. P(B’) 7. P(A U B’) 8. P(A U A’)

U U U U
A B A B A B A B
.2 .2 .2
.1 .3 .3 .2 3 .1 .3
.1 .1
.4 .4 .4 .4

Mary Rose A. Castillo, Master Teacher I, Talon – Talon National High School
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ACTIVITY
TERM 2: United We Learn, Divided in Ways

Teacher Rose asked the 40 students in her Math class if they preferred Modular (M) or
Online (O) distance learning modality or both. The results are shown in the different
Venn diagrams.

Directions: Given the shaded part/s in the Venn Diagram, identify the probability of the
indicated event/s by supplying the correct answer inside the blank box.

1 2
M O M O
.
21 6 6 10
M O

P(M) = or or 68% 10 P(O) = or .4 or

6 40
40 21
3 4
M O 3 M O

6 21 6 10

27 + −6
P(M ∩ O) = or .15 or P(M U O) =
40 40
P(M U O) = or .93 or
40

REMEMBER
Key Points
Probability of Events
The Probability of event E, denoted by P(E), is the probability that the
outcome of the experiment is contained in E. The probability of all the
events in a sample space adds up to 1.

Probability of a Union of Two Events

The probability that events A or B occur is the probability of the union of A
and B. The probability of a Union of Events A and B or both is denoted by
P(A U B).

Mary Rose A. Castillo, Master Teacher I, Talon – Talon National High School
 7

Probability of an Intersection of Two Events

The probability that events A and B occur is the probability of the
intersection of A and B. The probability of an intersection of Event A and B
is denoted by P(A ∩ B).

TRY
Let’s see how much have you learned today!

General Directions: Study the following assessments carefully and write your answers
on separate sheets.

Assessment 1. Let’s Continue!

Directions: One card is selected from a standard deck of 52 playing cards. Complete
the Venn diagrams to illustrate the probability of a union of two events then answer the
questions that follow.

a. A Diamond card (D) or a Spade card (S)

C C C
6
J K
2
3 7 5 Q ___ __ 13
9 8 4 ___________
A
10
D S D U S P (D U S)

1. How many possible outcomes are there? ______

2. What is P(D)? ____________
P(S) = ___________
3. What is the probability of intersection of Events D and S? _________
4. What is the probability of a union of Events D and S? ____________

b. A Diamond card (D) or a Queen card (Q)

C C C

___ Q ___ 12 ___ ___ _______

D Q D U Q
P (D U Q)

5. How many possible outcomes are there? ______

6. What is P(D)? ____________
(Q) = ___________
7. What is the probability of intersection of Events D and Q? _________
8. What is the probability of a union of Events D and Q? ____________

Mary Rose A. Castillo, Master Teacher I, Talon – Talon National High School
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Assessment 2. Spin the Wheel!

Directions: You are to spin the combo wheel once. Decode the message box by
determining the probabilities of the given events.

P(Red) P(Blue) P(Green) P(Yellow)

P(Circle) P(Yellow or Circle) P(Square) P(Red or Circle)

P(Blue or Heart) P(Circle or Heart) P(Red or Yellow) P(Heart)

S A P H U B

𝟑 𝟒 𝟗 𝟐
1 0
𝟏𝟎 𝟓 𝟏𝟎 𝟓

M K T E D I

𝟑 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟕
𝟓 𝟐 𝟓 𝟏𝟎 𝟑 𝟏𝟎

Mary Rose A. Castillo, Master Teacher I, Talon – Talon National High School
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Assessment 3. Shade your Choice!

Directions: Read and analyze each item carefully. Shade the letter of your answer on
a separate sheet.

Use the following Venn diagrams in answering numbers 1-3.

X Y X Y X Y X Y

Fig. 1 Fig. 2 Fig. 3 Fig. 4

O O O O 1) Which of the following represents the probability of a union of events X
and Y ?
A. Fig. 1 B. Fig. 2 C. Fig. 3 D. Fig. 4
O O O O 2) Which of the following represents P (X U Y’) ?
A. Fig. 4 B. Fig. 3 C. Fig. 2 D. Fig. 1
O O O O 3) Which of the following represents P (X ∩ Y) ?
A. Fig. 1 B. Fig. 2 C. Fig. 3 D. Fig. 4
O O O O 4) A coin is tossed, which of the following describes the probability of
getting a tail or a head?
A. It is certain to get a tail or a head.
B. Each event has an equal probability.
C. The probability of getting a tail or a head is 1.
D. All of the above.
O O O O 5) In a standard deck of 52 playing cards, which of the following gives an
equivalent probability of getting a club card or a red card?
3 1
i. ii. iii. 75% iv. 0.5 v. 0.75 vi. 50%
4 2
A. i, iii, iv B. i, iii, v C. ii, iv, vi D. ii, iii, v

O O O O 6) A die is rolled. What is the probability of getting an even number and an

odd number?
A. 0 B. ¼ C. ½ D. 1
For numbers 7 and 8. The table below shows the result of a survey of 100 students
on their preferred blended modular learning distance modality.

Learning Modality Number of Students

Modular (M) 86
Online (O) 65
O O O O 7) Which Venn diagram best represents the information in the table?

A. B. C. D.
U U U U
M O M O M O M O
51 14 65 51
35 86 65 86 35 65

Mary Rose A. Castillo, Master Teacher I, Talon – Talon National High School
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O O O O 8) Which Venn diagram illustrates the probability of a student choosing

Modular or Online or both modalities?
A. B. C. D.
U U U U
M O M O M O M O
.35 .51 .14 .86 .65 .86 .65 .35
.51 .65

For numbers 9 and 10. Teacher Rose asked the 40 students in her Math class if
they have radio (R) or tv (T) set at home for their blended modular instruction.
The results are shown in the Venn diagram.
U R T
0.2
0.3 0.4
0.1
O O O O 9) What is the probability that a student has a radio or tv set?
A. 0.1 B. 0.3 C. 0.5 D. 0.9
O O O O 10) What is the probability that a student has a radio and tv set ?
A. 0.1 B. 0.2 C. 0.3 D. 0.4

Callanta et. al. (2015). Mathematics - Grade 10 Learner’s Module

(First Edition) Pasig: REX Book Store, Inc. pages 328-340.
REFERENCE/S
https://wheelofnames.com/generator

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LEARNING RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT TEAM

MARY ROSE A. CASTILLO
WRITER
Talon – Talon National High School
LEARNING TEAM / Zandro G. Sepe, M.S. Ronald F. Manalo
EVALUATORS Dr. Elizabeth M. Raciles
MANAGEMENT AND Dr. Roy C. Tuballa, CESO VI Dr. Norma T. Francisco, CESE
SPECIALIST Dr. Jay S. Montealto, CESO VI Dr. Vilma A. Brown

“No hay cosa imposible. Cree, junto junto puede!”

Mary Rose A. Castillo, Master Teacher I, Talon – Talon National High School