Sets
Sets
~AMZIL r l
r
l Mathematics J
SETS
- - - - - lI One Shot l
1-----
Tarun Khandelwal Sir
B-Tech HT Delhi (AIR 289)
© Cardinal Number I
0 Cartesian Product of Sets I
© PYQs
e What is a Set)
Alwell-definedjcollection of objects.
[ Examples )
• IThe collection of vowels in English alphabets. I / r°' 'e ' L' u..} O,
Representation of a Sets
@Notes_Care
Q· Write the Following Sets in Roaster form-
• Set of all Natural numbers lying between 3 and 11 ---+ f 4 , c;-, 6 , ~ , ~ , <=t , I OJ
-- -
-,..·.-x-=N
,_
~
QUESTION )
The set of Natural numbers which are multiples of 6 and less than 50 is written
in set builder form as £
6/ I1, I~ "l '1, 3•, ~,, '1 l , 'f 'l
1
(A) {x: x E N and xis a multiple of 6} )o
(BJ {x: x = 6 and 0 < x < 50} )0
(CJ {x: xis a multiple of 6 and x $ 50} )()
(D) {x: xis a multiple of 6 and 0 < x < 50, x E N} /
'-V--) '---J
e Types of Sets)
¢
rJ,J_J__
@Notes_Care
sa
'b CA
@Notes_Care
QUEmON )
le~ ,l1,1.,;,1.i,'>",,,-:r1
A= {x : xis a natural number and x < 8} and
B = {1,2,3,4,S}. Which of the following is true? 13~ l r,2..,.,,,..,, 0
0 AcB ick
© B<;tA
I f: i
© 8€)\
® ✓
Difference Betwee
A=-- t 1,1-,"'>,'1}
(1,1-J CA
'2...f-fc v' I , '&, ~ A
~ ~ A. '-""
'f E- A ._
i 1lc.1t V
QUESTION ) C
✓
*
If a set A contains "n" distinct elements then number of Subsets is = ~ II'\..,
\ "'c._,_l'lc,-1-"c.._+~r,.._ - ©.ii A= { 1, ?..., ~. '1} f,,,.
}
~ , {~ \ , f "l. 1 , 1 ~ l~ f ~ 1
)U)
-----
~ su.1WA · '1co-t'1c, t-'1c~+'1(~ -+'f(~
= ~'1
e Proper Subse0
,1_;: [,,-i}
p~ /' f I ft\' f~)
s~~
@Notes_Care
QUESTION) ~
If A= {a, b, c, d, e} then the number of proper subsets are?
0 32
~
&c;- I
© 33 ~®
© 3\/
® None of these
Question ( IP Jan 111 Shift 2019) )
Let S = {1, 2, 3, ..., 100}. The number of non-empty subsets A of S such that the [Ans.A)
product of elements in A is even is
0 ;soc2so - 1)
® 2so_1
© 2so+1
® 2100_1
Let A = {1, 2,@ 4, s,®(i and B = {3, 6, 7, 9}. Then the number of elements in (Ans.112)
I_)
*
the set{C ~ A: C n B cf>} is _ _
)'\(( )-:- 'f'obJ S~~ ~ A:- - M ~~
J ~ ~"~-::~
[ ~~J
@Notes_Care ~-+ -
Set A has m elements and Set B has ~lements. If the total number of [Ans. .i
subsets of A is 112 more than total number of subsets of B, then the value
ofm · n is
QUESTION)
Two finite sets have m and n elements respectively. The total number of
subsets of first set is 992 more than the total number of subsets of the second
set. Find the value of m & n.
W\., 11\...
rJt. -=- C\Gt'2-t~
~"':._ ~ V\.~ <=t~ ~
~ 10_ at'> -::. Cf <t 'L
lo]-1_
~'• = ~ "N1
[ YY\.=lo
-
.,_, L. n= s
e PowerSet)
QUEmON )
f f(11) __ 7
11
'
/'~
. . . . Union of Sets
)\_ ( I\ V ~) -::. { I ,2.,~,'1, >,,, "t]
~ V\ ( 1'-t~)
N Xcy
® Y-X
(A-~
(J\- ~ =) A -(Af\~
QUESTION )
A= {x: x = 2(i)n s 3, n. _
'----J
EN}
_
= £ 2. .,'(, ~
B = {x : x = 3n, n s 3, n E N} -= f ~,(§), 9J
Find A - B : [ c( , tt }
@Notes_Care
0 A-B = (-1,1)
© B-A=R-(-3,1)
© An B = (-3,-1]
® Au B = R - [1, 3)
e Complement of a Set)
ltc w A'
[)< '. A (- l.fJ
OO I
A. C l-f' oo)
• uc - <p
• cl»c - V
• (AC)C ':. It
• AUAC ~ u @Notes_Care
• AnAc ; ~
• An ec
Quelllon ( 27"' Aug I" Shllt 21121} ) {!I /I P./\ <;) °;,-\ Z- ~,_ i
::.
1
' ~
o' '• t '\, •' ~
i: @ .~. r-
------
-··---~
- =➔-·· ---------
:@ ------------------------------- ------·· ······-···· ·---··· ···- ---
: 'l. 6
\4fl 8 nc ~ (-00,-~ U ( (; 00 j
(~ /) 'Bn c/" : :. C- <, 6 ) '
Symmetric Difference
v-- AUA'=U
AnU=A -./
An A'=♦
AUcj,=A ✓ (A')'= A
i) (A \J ~) =- (_;;;- f\ S)
~
(f\ f\ ~) -=- A U B
- AUB I\ flB
Lawsof Algebra of sets) Au ( ~(\C) = (A 11&) (\ ~VCJ!'
A(\ (~ uc) -=-(A" 0) U(A" c)
~
=
(i) A u (B n C) (A u B) n (A u C)
i.e. union is distributive over intersection.
=
(ii) A n (B u C) (A n B) u (A n C)
i.e. Intersection is distributive over Union.
Cardinal Number
@Notes_Care
QUEmON )
Let A and B be two sets such that n(A) = 24, n(A u B) = 46 and n(A n B) = 8. Find
(i) n(B) ; ~o V\ ( f\ u!,) ~ " (A-) -t Vl ( B) - V\ ( l'I A~
(ii) n(A - B) = It '1f> :- ~ ._. -+ V\ ( ~) _ <l>
(iii) n(B - A) -::.. ~o-i
= '2 "2-
~6 -
QUESTION ) i.,,(M U (,) =-. 2o 11'!!!1!11
'f\(1'A)=- 12- ~
In a school there are 20 teachers who teach math's{Qp chemistry. Out of these 12
teach math and 4 teach both math and chemistry. How many teach only
chemistry? 1\ C M /\ C) ::=- "f
r1 Cl) = ?
@10
+ V\ ( c ) - n ( M (\ C)
© 12
YL ( VV\ V c)
~o -=--
:= V\(VYI )
12.. -t ncc)-'-f .
©s✓ 2 o -=- <a -+ n (<-)
® None of these [ \'\ (<:) =: , -y
Y\ (~ ~):= L~-'f "'-@
The are two newspapers which are published in a city, namely A and 8. It is (Ans. DJ
known that 25% of the city population reads A and 20% reads 8 while 8% reads
both A and 8. Further 30% of those who read A but not 8, read advertisement
and 40% of those who read 8 but not A also read advertisements, while 50% of
those who read both A and 8 read advertisements. What is the percentage of the
population who read the advertisements?
0 13.7% @Notes_Care
'2..0:)
V\(A-)::. ~ S""
I\(~)-:.
n< "<'~)::. i ~J:
© 14.9%
© 14.7%
~It~ ,-=r
~
® 13.9%
1.-/"
~=: 12
C§J
containing both A and B is
__
Q_u_Es_n_o_N_[_J_EE_Ma_ln_20_2_3_(J_a_n_.-_1)_l_ _ _)
Number of 4-digit numbers that are less than or equal to 2800 and either [Ans. 710)
divisible by 3 or by 11, is equal to .
---
Out of 14 people, twelve said that it was not the case that they watched T.V. but (Ans.
did not listen to the~
radio. Also, for nine people it is R&t the case that they do not
---
watch T.V. and do not listen to the radio. Finally, seven people either watch T.V. or
listen to the radio but do not do both. Now let A be number of people that watch
T.V. and B be the number of people that listen radio. T fi@llil
0 A=2 (T /\ R)
© B=S
© A=4
✓
®J=7
Quntlon [JEE Main 2021)] )
The number of 4-digit numbers which are neither multiple of 7 nor multiple (Ans. 5143)
of3is. ~
Ii IJI JI JI
, 10 10 lo
~ooo - "Y\( ~U=t)
~(~)~ ~~~~J-t~J
~rn ~ ~-tlJ
V\(1-,):: ~!ill- [ t!ll
-iD i, J
e Cardinal Number)
For 3 Sets
I n(A u B u C) = n(A) + n(B) + n(C) - n(A n B)- n(B n C) - n(A n C) + n(A n B n C)
@Notes_Care
QUEmON )
h (()~ \t
"36- ,s-
© 9
Y\( I\ f\ Bn ():: s-
©~ 'l\('tv~vc)::: {>o
QUESTION )
From 50 students taking examinations in Mathematics, Physics and Chemistry, [Ans. 14)
each of the student has passed in at least one of the subject, 3 7 passed
Mathematics, 24 Physics and 43 Chemistry. At most._!J passed Mathemapcs filld
Physics, at most 29 Mathematics and Chemistry' and at most 20 Physics and
Chemistry. What is the largest possible number that could have passed all three
examination? @ =- Y\ ( M n P(\ C ) =- ?
~ ( M lJ PU c)
r\ ( M)-=.
@Notes_Care
~ 1-
Y) ({)) ::: "l'f
=- SO
-E_( + SO -=- ~1-- -t 1. '1 -+ ~ ~
r,
f'Af.-1- ·
]+
p I\ c ) V\((f\ f'\)-("""!)
~
)l
©:1/
@Notes_Care
- \ (~(_'i"' 6c+~) ( -x-~)( x-"2) =- o
Let the number of elements in sets A and B be five and two respectively. Then (Ans. CJ
the number of subsets of A x B each having at least 3 and at most 6 elements is
Y\( l't) -::. ,,
+ oc'1 oc
0 752 ~(~)= 1-
I0(
~
I
+
I
~ +
I O/
l.6
© 782
n <,.. -,r ~) ::.
l J
, ()
© 792
® 772
Range Problems on Cardinal Number
QUESTION)
In a survey it was found that, 63% Indians like mangoes whereas 76% Like
Statement Y\ (ti\) =- 6 ~ J
apples. If x % of Indians like both Apples and Mangoes then identify the correct
0 X = 39 Y\ (A) :: 16
th
__ _ _1_on_(&_
Quest _ _..-_sh_lft_20_20_)__)
_Sept
A survey shows that 73% of the persons working in an office like coffee, (Ans. BJ
whereas 65% in tea, If x denotes the percentage of them, who like both coffee
and tea, then x cannot be )(. E:--- [ 3 i ~ 6 $ J
0 63 n,(<)=~3 J
hCT)-=- 6~
© 36 ✓ X:::. "'(C f\T)
© 54
) ( ~ :. r-~1--6s-- If\>
® 38 ~ ,~i-,V\)
'(~ ~ ~i-
)l~~ ~ 6t;'
111
__
Qunt1
__ on_(2_1_ _A_u_g_1st
_sh_lft_2_021_)__)
Out of all the patients in a hospital 89% are found to be suffering from heart (Ans. AJ
ailment and 98% are suffering from lungs infection. If K % of them are
suffering from both ailments, then K can not belong to the set
KrNT -;. Cb'+ '1 <"I>-\ tro gT
0 {79, 81, 83, 85} , / -;:_
® {84, 86,@)90}
©3 ® Cantsay
"
QUEmON) @Notes_Care
Y\( An~) t\'\9-~
::} Y\(~u~)IYW'\
=- 3
= 9-3 ~@:)
Find also, the minimum number of elements in Au B.
09 ~6 ® Cantsay
QUEmON ) In a Class, 70% of the Students Like Apples, 80% like bananas, ffl
85% like Mangoes. If x % like all the Three fruits, then minimum '::tJI
value of x [Ans. DJ
Y\ (A)
Y\(B)::
= ~ /-
<ao /·
J ( ~ ~ I\ n ~)
~
_ g0 -t- ~ _ ( ro
-=== @
Y\(r,11)- </,~/
0 25%
Y\_( A"'BflM) ~
© 20%
Irr : : 5"o+i~ - l~
(l\n B) f\ c_
© 30%
~S-1/o
® ~
35%
QUEmON ) In a Class, 70% of the Students Like Apples, 80% like bananas, R'I
~
J
85% like Mangoes, 90% Like Oranges. If x % like all the four fruits,
· ·
th en mm1mum va1ue o f x )
A]
(Ans.
0 25%
✓
"' ( 0) =' 0
--
© 20%
© 30%
® 35%
e PYQs)
@Notes_Care
In a group of 100 persons 75 speak English and 40 speak Hindi. Each person (Ans. AJ
speaks at least one of the two languages. If the number of persons who speak
only English is a and the number of ersons who speak only Hindi is p, then the
eccentricity of the ellipse 25(P 2x2 + a 2y 2) = a 2p2 is r/..:. 6 0 , ~:. '25"'
2s-( _,,._,'L '-1,,.)
0A ::9/
v'ill Y\(f)=:':rS-
'it(tf)="fo ;.. -t a/p'l =-,
fa\ . 111'7
VJ.J./
n c~ uH) =--
\
1~
'
2 s-l -w--
,(__,_ T
'i'L
~
J -=- I
\:.J 12 <f\:)~ 1"")-+ t.ro-V\(£'l Hl\ ~ ~S""L
'/ : ,( 1.
3ill 12.~+~-=- I
© 12
~n(~f)~)=-li:
: "l.._ ...
: 0.-h,
; -1:;1... ~
~
I
"l..
b-=--i.s-
"ti
~s-
l
e == ~
f'jj;
l'l__
✓ 129 : :_ Q_ ( I- ' 7 '9- ' - ~ .___ ~1/,
12 \-l~"'" l'f~ (1-e°lJ f!_,_~ '~A-.~'1~
QUESTION[JEEMaln2019(Jan.)] ) ~ -;.. I ~o- Y\( M UC UP)
11..fo - , o"L ~ '3<7,
In a class of 140 students numbered 1 to 140, all even numbered students opted (Ans. DJ
Mathematics course, those whose number is divisible by 3 opted Physics course
and those whose number is divisible by 5 opted Chemistry course. Then the
number of students who did not opt for any of the three courses is (-:+
0 102 Y\ ( l'I) =- 01,:J=- '.l O 'V\ ( f\l\ ""') -=- ~~ ] ~ ~ ) =
© 42 'l\(p) = GI{~..} '1 {; ~ ( f(H) " ~~ =- 3 l
© 1 Ve)=. ~]='i ~(IV\'lC)::c ~J=-l'l
ftf\ ( f'\'1 Yn C) =- )'if.]- 1
®✓D 38 i..
-,o+Jr6t2~-(L~t~
~ ~·)+~
~3'1 -
__
Qu_E_s_n_o_N_[_JE_E_A_Dv_20_22_J_ _ _) ':l .. - ( ;"- -q n -t,-,, 0 ) =- ~
In a study about a pandemic, data of 900 persons was collected. It was found that (Ans. 0.80)
190 persons had symptom of fever, ~ YI <f) P=- ~ ::. f>/ - o -i ,,,,o-
220 persons had symptom of cough, =- VI(<:) «=,
220 persons had symptom of breathing problem, = n <BJ ~
330 persons had symptom of fever or cough or both, ~ C:O:: ( F VC) -=- '?> ~
@Notes_Care
350 persons had symptom of cough or breathing problem or both, -=-. Y\ ( C IJ B)
340 persons had symptom of fever or breathing problem or both, ~ n ( f V13)
~ersons had all three symptoms (fever, cough and breathing problem). -=- V\ ( F" c. f\'"%)
If a person is chosen randomly from these 900 persons, then the probability that the
person has at most one symptom is _ _ __
V\(fV<:)-=-. ,~o+1."l.o-(1C..·f~~ -:::3~~ =-)
Y\(C U~).:::.. -no i '27o- t~t3~ =- ~s-0
T\(J:'v~) = \~o+"'2.-io- Ot3~-==- °?>~<>
(Yl-1)6 ~ l~
,ntt~IGb [p
3l-
~
--
"2ft1
-=,.-
'
@
'h ~~Yi_ 6 h ~ ~3
SUit\ - " ( ~ l.l ~) 2.~~
Question (24th June 2nd Shift2022) ) 1o:bl
t,o S-o _ S 1)(6'1"
o(➔ is ~
11
-A·. div b~ 'l. J'-(f){a.t ~-+ fa+- --ti~ -= ~v bJ .,
~ ~ r.1.J.v l,~ 3 : V\(i)::.~t-t+,+- - _,,) 2. V\/rY' by 3
@Notes_Care
.,--
~~ageRaho!
- ..~ '-
@Notes_Care