Here are 100 multiple-choice questions (MCQs) based on the content you provided, in line with NEET-

level difficulty.

1. The central nervous system (CNS) includes:

• A) The brain and spinal cord

• B) The brain and peripheral nerves

• C) The spinal cord and ganglia

• D) Peripheral nerves and autonomic nerves

Answer: A) The brain and spinal cord

2. The peripheral nervous system (PNS) consists of:

• A) The brain and spinal cord

• B) Nerves associated with the CNS

• C) The spinal cord and brain stem

• D) The sensory organs

Answer: B) Nerves associated with the CNS

3. The afferent nerve fibres:

• A) Carry impulses from the CNS to muscles

• B) Carry impulses from tissues/organs to the CNS

• C) Carry impulses to smooth muscles

• D) Are involved in reflex actions

Answer: B) Carry impulses from tissues/organs to the CNS

4. Efferent nerve fibres:

• A) Carry impulses from the CNS to muscles and organs

• B) Carry impulses to the CNS

• C) Are part of the somatic nervous system only

• D) Do not involve the CNS

Answer: A) Carry impulses from the CNS to muscles and organs

5. The somatic nervous system controls:

• A) Involuntary actions

• B) Skeletal muscles

• C) Heartbeat and digestion

• D) Reflexes

Answer: B) Skeletal muscles

6. The autonomic nervous system controls:

• A) Voluntary movements of skeletal muscles

• B) Involuntary organs and smooth muscles

• C) Reflex actions

• D) Sensory and motor activities of the body

Answer: B) Involuntary organs and smooth muscles

7. The sympathetic nervous system is part of:

• A) The somatic nervous system

• B) The autonomic nervous system

• C) The central nervous system

• D) The sensory system

Answer: B) The autonomic nervous system

8. The parasympathetic nervous system is responsible for:

• A) "Fight or flight" responses

• B) Rest and digest functions

• C) Reflex actions

• D) Sensory input to the CNS

Answer: B) Rest and digest functions

9. The visceral nervous system is:

• A) Part of the autonomic nervous system

• B) Responsible for voluntary control of muscles

• C) Limited to the brain and spinal cord

• D) Associated with conscious actions

Answer: A) Part of the autonomic nervous system

10. A neuron is composed of all of the following parts except:

• A) Dendrites

• B) Cell body

• C) Axon

• D) Ganglia

Answer: D) Ganglia

11. The cell body of a neuron contains:

• A) Dendrites and axons

• B) Nissl’s granules and organelles

• C) Synaptic clefts

• D) Myelin sheaths

Answer: B) Nissl’s granules and organelles

12. Dendrites of a neuron:

• A) Transmit impulses away from the cell body

• B) Transmit impulses towards the cell body

• C) Do not have Nissl's granules

• D) Are always unbranched

Answer: B) Transmit impulses towards the cell body

13. The axon of a neuron:

• A) Transmits impulses towards the cell body

• B) Contains Nissl's granules

• C) Is covered by Schwann cells in myelinated neurons

• D) Is unbranched

Answer: C) Is covered by Schwann cells in myelinated neurons

14. The synaptic knob of an axon contains:

• A) Nissl’s granules

• B) Neurotransmitters

• C) Mitochondria

• D) Receptors

Answer: B) Neurotransmitters

15. Multipolar neurons are found in the:

• A) Retina

• B) Cerebral cortex

• C) Sensory organs

• D) Embryonic stage

Answer: B) Cerebral cortex

16. Bipolar neurons are found in the:

• A) Retina of the eye

• B) Cerebral cortex

• C) Spinal cord

• D) Autonomic ganglia

Answer: A) Retina of the eye

17. Unipolar neurons are typically found in the:

 • A) Adult human body

• B) Embryonic stage

• C) Retina of the eye

• D) Spinal cord

Answer: B) Embryonic stage

18. Myelinated axons:

• A) Conduct impulses more slowly than unmyelinated axons

• B) Are covered by Schwann cells

• C) Lack nodes of Ranvier

• D) Are found only in the brain

Answer: B) Are covered by Schwann cells

19. The nodes of Ranvier are:

• A) Gaps between Schwann cells in myelinated axons

• B) Found in unmyelinated neurons

• C) Responsible for the generation of action potentials

• D) Present in the cell body of the neuron

Answer: A) Gaps between Schwann cells in myelinated axons

20. Unmyelinated axons:

• A) Conduct impulses faster than myelinated axons

• B) Lack Schwann cells around them

• C) Are found only in the autonomic nervous system

• D) Are covered by a thicker myelin sheath

Answer: B) Lack Schwann cells around them

21. Resting potential in a neuron is caused by:

• A) High concentration of Na+ inside the axon

 • B) Active transport of ions by the sodium-potassium pump

• C) Rapid influx of Na+ into the axon

• D) Depolarization of the membrane

Answer: B) Active transport of ions by the sodium-potassium pump

22. The inside of the axon is negatively charged during:

• A) Depolarization

• B) Resting potential

• C) Action potential

• D) Synaptic transmission

Answer: B) Resting potential

23. During the resting potential of a neuron, the concentration of K+ is:

• A) Higher inside the neuron than outside

• B) Higher outside the neuron than inside

• C) Equal inside and outside the neuron

• D) Irrelevant to resting potential

Answer: A) Higher inside the neuron than outside

24. The membrane potential of a neuron during the resting state is maintained by:

• A) Passive diffusion of Na+ and K+

• B) The sodium-potassium pump

• C) The influx of neurotransmitters

• D) Depolarization

Answer: B) The sodium-potassium pump

25. Depolarization in a neuron is caused by:

• A) The efflux of K+ ions

• B) The influx of Na+ ions

 • C) The movement of chloride ions into the axon

• D) The release of neurotransmitters

Answer: B) The influx of Na+ ions

26. The action potential in a neuron:

• A) Results from the influx of K+ ions

• B) Involves the reversal of membrane polarity at the depolarized site

• C) Is generated only in the dendrites

• D) Is caused by a change in the ionic concentration outside the axon

Answer: B) Involves the reversal of membrane polarity at the depolarized site

27. After depolarization, the neuron quickly returns to its resting potential due to:

• A) The opening of sodium channels

• B) The closing of potassium channels

• C) The efflux of K+ ions

• D) The active transport of Na+ into the neuron

Answer: C) The efflux of K+ ions

28. The conduction of nerve impulses along an axon is:

• A) Continuous, with no interruption

• B) Saltatory, jumping from node to node in myelinated axons

• C) Slower in myelinated axons

• D) Unaffected by myelin sheaths

Answer: B) Saltatory, jumping from node to node in myelinated axons

29. The synaptic cleft:

• A) Is present only at electrical synapses

• B) Allows direct transmission of electrical signals between neurons

• C) Is the space between pre- and post-synaptic neurons in chemical synapses

 • D) Contains neurotransmitters during resting potential

Answer: C) Is the space between pre- and post-synaptic neurons in chemical synapses

30. The neurotransmitters are released into the synaptic cleft from:

• A) The pre-synaptic neuron

• B) The post-synaptic neuron

• C) The synaptic vesicles

• D) The axon terminal

Answer: A) The pre-synaptic neuron

Certainly! Here are the revised questions for 30 to 46 based on the content provided:

30. The main function of the axon in a neuron is to:

• A) Transmit impulses towards the cell body

• B) Receive stimuli from other neurons

• C) Transmit nerve impulses away from the cell body

• D) Produce neurotransmitters

Answer: C) Transmit nerve impulses away from the cell body

31. The Nissl’s granules present in the cell body of a neuron are involved in:

• A) Protein synthesis

• B) Transmission of nerve impulses

• C) Storing neurotransmitters

• D) Generating the action potential

Answer: A) Protein synthesis

32. Dendrites are specialized to:

• A) Transmit nerve impulses away from the cell body

• B) Receive impulses from other neurons

 • C) Produce myelin sheaths

• D) Protect the neuron from damage

Answer: B) Receive impulses from other neurons

33. Which type of neuron is found in the retina of the eye?

• A) Multipolar neuron

• B) Bipolar neuron

• C) Unipolar neuron

• D) Interneuron

Answer: B) Bipolar neuron

34. Myelinated nerve fibers are found in:

• A) The brain and spinal cord only

• B) The peripheral nervous system only

• C) Both the central and peripheral nervous systems

• D) Only in voluntary muscles

Answer: C) Both the central and peripheral nervous systems

35. The gaps between two adjacent myelin sheaths are called:

• A) Nodes of Ranvier

• B) Axon terminals

• C) Synaptic clefts

• D) Schwann cells

Answer: A) Nodes of Ranvier

36. Unmyelinated nerve fibers are:

• A) Enclosed by Schwann cells that do not form a myelin sheath

• B) Found only in the central nervous system

• C) Found only in the autonomic nervous system

 • D) Covered with a thick myelin sheath

Answer: A) Enclosed by Schwann cells that do not form a myelin sheath

37. The resting potential of a neuron is primarily maintained by:

• A) Passive diffusion of ions across the membrane

• B) The sodium-potassium pump

• C) The flow of neurotransmitters

• D) The movement of K+ ions out of the neuron

Answer: B) The sodium-potassium pump

38. During the resting potential of a neuron, the concentration of sodium ions (Na+) is higher:

• A) Inside the axon

• B) Outside the axon

• C) In the synaptic cleft

• D) In the dendrites

Answer: B) Outside the axon

39. The membrane of a neuron becomes depolarized when:

• A) Potassium ions (K+) flow out of the neuron

• B) Sodium ions (Na+) flow into the neuron

• C) The sodium-potassium pump is activated

• D) Neurotransmitters are released at the synapse

Answer: B) Sodium ions (Na+) flow into the neuron

40. The action potential in a neuron is generated when:

• A) Sodium ions (Na+) move out of the neuron

• B) Potassium ions (K+) enter the neuron

• C) Sodium ions (Na+) move into the neuron, reversing the membrane potential

• D) The neuron reaches its resting potential

Answer: C) Sodium ions (Na+) move into the neuron, reversing the membrane potential

41. After an action potential passes, the neuron:

• A) Is incapable of responding to further stimuli until the resting potential is restored

• B) Immediately responds to another action potential

• C) Increases the concentration of sodium ions inside the neuron

• D) Stops sending nerve impulses

Answer: A) Is incapable of responding to further stimuli until the resting potential is restored

42. The process by which an action potential is propagated along the axon is called:

• A) Diffusion

• B) Saltatory conduction

• C) Active transport

• D) Depolarization

Answer: B) Saltatory conduction

43. At the synapse, neurotransmitters are released from:

• A) The synaptic cleft

• B) The dendrites of the post-synaptic neuron

• C) The axon terminal of the pre-synaptic neuron

• D) The axon of the post-synaptic neuron

Answer: C) The axon terminal of the pre-synaptic neuron

44. In chemical synapses, neurotransmitters are released into the synaptic cleft in response to:

• A) The generation of an action potential

• B) The movement of ions through the synaptic membrane

• C) The binding of receptors on the post-synaptic neuron

• D) The arrival of a nerve impulse at the axon terminal

Answer: A) The generation of an action potential

45. The neurotransmitter acetylcholine is involved in:

• A) Muscle contraction at the neuromuscular junction

• B) Inhibiting nerve impulses

• C) Reducing heart rate

• D) Regulating memory in the hippocampus

Answer: A) Muscle contraction at the neuromuscular junction

46. Electrical synapses are characterized by:

• A) A fluid-filled gap between neurons

• B) Direct transmission of electrical impulses through gap junctions

• C) The release of neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft

• D) A slower transmission of nerve impulses compared to chemical synapses

Answer: B) Direct transmission of electrical impulses through gap junctions

These questions cover the essential aspects of neurons, their structure, and their functions, following
the NEET format. Let me know if you'd like further revisions or additional questions!

46. The outermost layer of the meninges is called the:

• A) Arachnoid mater

• B) Pia mater

• C) Dura mater

• D) Myelin sheath

Answer: C) Dura mater

47. The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is produced by:

• A) The ventricles of the brain

 • B) The choroid plexus

• C) The spinal cord

• D) The dura mater

Answer: B) The choroid plexus

48. The primary function of the cerebrospinal fluid is to:

• A) Supply oxygen to the brain

• B) Maintain the brain's blood-brain barrier

• C) Cushion the brain and spinal cord

• D) Facilitate nerve impulses in the CNS

Answer: C) Cushion the brain and spinal cord

49. Which of the following is responsible for the voluntary control of skeletal muscles?

• A) Medulla oblongata

• B) Cerebellum

• C) Somatic nervous system

• D) Autonomic nervous system

Answer: C) Somatic nervous system

50. Which part of the brain is primarily involved in memory formation and emotional response?

• A) Thalamus

• B) Hippocampus

• C) Cerebellum

• D) Medulla oblongata

Answer: B) Hippocampus

51. The blood-brain barrier is formed by:

• A) Endothelial cells of capillaries in the brain

• B) Astrocytes and oligodendrocytes

 • C) Dendritic cells

• D) Microglial cells

Answer: A) Endothelial cells of capillaries in the brain

52. The left hemisphere of the brain is primarily responsible for:

• A) Logical reasoning and language processing

• B) Motor control of the left side of the body

• C) Processing sensory information

• D) Emotions and memory storage

Answer: A) Logical reasoning and language processing

53. The right hemisphere of the brain is primarily responsible for:

• A) Logical reasoning

• B) Visual-spatial tasks and artistic ability

• C) Muscle coordination

• D) Language processing

Answer: B) Visual-spatial tasks and artistic ability

54. The region of the brain that controls heartbeat, breathing, and blood pressure is the:

• A) Cerebellum

• B) Medulla oblongata

• C) Hypothalamus

• D) Corpus callosum

Answer: B) Medulla oblongata

55. Which of the following brain regions is responsible for processing visual information?

• A) Occipital lobe

• B) Temporal lobe

• C) Parietal lobe
 • D) Frontal lobe

Answer: A) Occipital lobe

56. The parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system is primarily responsible for:

• A) "Fight or flight" responses

• B) Increasing heart rate and blood pressure

• C) "Rest and digest" functions

• D) Reflex actions in the spinal cord

Answer: C) "Rest and digest" functions

57. Which structure of the brain is responsible for regulating circadian rhythms (sleep-wake cycles)?

• A) Medulla oblongata

• B) Pineal gland

• C) Hypothalamus

• D) Cerebellum

Answer: B) Pineal gland

58. The primary function of the spinal cord is to:

• A) Process sensory information

• B) Transmit signals between the brain and the body

• C) Control autonomic functions

• D) Regulate emotions and memory

Answer: B) Transmit signals between the brain and the body

59. The reflex arc is:

• A) A pathway for voluntary motor responses

• B) A pathway involving the brain only

• C) A pathway that transmits sensory signals only

• D) A rapid, involuntary response to a stimulus

Answer: D) A rapid, involuntary response to a stimulus

60. Which of the following is a function of the hypothalamus?

• A) Regulates body temperature

• B) Coordinates voluntary movements

• C) Processes sensory input

• D) Controls auditory functions

Answer: A) Regulates body temperature

61. The neurotransmitter released at the neuromuscular junction is:

• A) Dopamine

• B) Acetylcholine

• C) Glutamate

• D) Serotonin

Answer: B) Acetylcholine

62. The neurotransmitter responsible for mood regulation, sleep, and appetite is:

• A) Dopamine

• B) GABA

• C) Serotonin

• D) Norepinephrine

Answer: C) Serotonin

63. Which of the following is true about the sympathetic nervous system?

• A) It is activated during stressful situations

• B) It decreases heart rate and blood pressure

• C) It promotes digestion

• D) It regulates rest and sleep

Answer: A) It is activated during stressful situations

64. A person experiencing a decrease in heart rate, lowered blood pressure, and increased digestion is
likely experiencing:

• A) Sympathetic nervous system activity

• B) Parasympathetic nervous system activity

• C) Voluntary motor control

• D) A reflex arc response

Answer: B) Parasympathetic nervous system activity

65. The main component of the blood-brain barrier that prevents large molecules from passing into
the brain is:

• A) Tight junctions between endothelial cells

• B) Astrocytic foot processes

• C) The axon terminals

• D) Schwann cells

Answer: A) Tight junctions between endothelial cells

66. The parasympathetic nervous system predominantly uses which neurotransmitter?

• A) Acetylcholine

• B) Norepinephrine

• C) Dopamine

• D) Glutamate

Answer: A) Acetylcholine

67. The sympathetic nervous system predominantly uses which neurotransmitter?

• A) Acetylcholine

• B) Norepinephrine

• C) Serotonin

• D) Dopamine
Answer: B) Norepinephrine

68. In which part of the nervous system are sensory neurons located?

• A) Spinal cord

• B) Autonomic ganglia

• C) Peripheral nervous system

• D) Brainstem

Answer: C) Peripheral nervous system

69. The major function of Schwann cells is to:

• A) Form the blood-brain barrier

• B) Secrete neurotransmitters

• C) Produce myelin in the peripheral nervous system

• D) Provide nutrients to neurons

Answer: C) Produce myelin in the peripheral nervous system

70. Which of the following statements about action potentials is true?

• A) Action potentials are graded responses

• B) Action potentials only occur in the brain

• C) Action potentials are "all-or-nothing" responses

• D) Action potentials result from the movement of glucose across the membrane

Answer: C) Action potentials are "all-or-nothing" responses

71. A neuron’s refractory period:

• A) Allows the neuron to rest and recharge

• B) Is the time during which the neuron cannot generate another action potential

• C) Occurs only during depolarization

• D) Is unaffected by ion channels

Answer: B) Is the time during which the neuron cannot generate another action potential
72. The substance that acts as an inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system is:

• A) Dopamine

• B) Glutamate

• C) GABA (Gamma-aminobutyric acid)

• D) Norepinephrine

Answer: C) GABA (Gamma-aminobutyric acid)

73. Which of the following best describes the function of the hippocampus?

• A) It processes visual information

• B) It regulates breathing and heart rate

• C) It is involved in memory formation and spatial navigation

• D) It controls skeletal muscle movement

Answer: C) It is involved in memory formation and spatial navigation

74. The “fight or flight” response is primarily mediated by:

• A) The parasympathetic nervous system

• B) The sympathetic nervous system

• C) The somatic nervous system

• D) The voluntary nervous system

Answer: B) The sympathetic nervous system

75. A person with damage to the cerebellum would most likely exhibit:

• A) Difficulty in coordinating movements

• B) Impaired ability to speak

• C) Difficulty in breathing

• D) Loss of sensory perception

Answer: A) Difficulty in coordinating movements

76. Which of the following is NOT a function of the spinal cord?

• A) Transmitting signals between the brain and body

• B) Conducting reflex actions

• C) Storing memories

• D) Relaying sensory and motor information

Answer: C) Storing memories

77. The sympathetic nervous system arises from which part of the spinal cord?

• A) Thoracic

and lumbar regions

• B) Cervical and sacral regions

• C) The brainstem

• D) The peripheral nerves

Answer: A) Thoracic and lumbar regions

78. The outer layer of the brain, involved in higher cognitive functions, is called the:

• A) Limbic system

• B) Cerebellum

• C) Cerebral cortex

• D) Brainstem

Answer: C) Cerebral cortex

79. The sympathetic nervous system and parasympathetic nervous system are divisions of the:

• A) Peripheral nervous system

• B) Central nervous system

• C) Somatic nervous system

• D) Autonomic nervous system

Answer: D) Autonomic nervous system

80. Which of the following is the most abundant excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain?

• A) Dopamine

• B) GABA

• C) Glutamate

• D) Acetylcholine

Answer: C) Glutamate

These additional questions help to round out the topics covered in the NEET syllabus, from brain
structure to neurotransmission and reflex arcs. Let me know if you'd like more questions!