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BNM Mod 5 - 100548

The document explains various methods for calculating the arithmetic mean for both ungrouped and grouped data, including direct, indirect, and step-deviation methods. It provides examples of calculating means for different datasets, such as student ages and heartbeats, and introduces the concept of weighted arithmetic mean with an example. The document serves as a comprehensive guide for understanding and applying mean calculations in statistical analysis.

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10 views5 pages

BNM Mod 5 - 100548

The document explains various methods for calculating the arithmetic mean for both ungrouped and grouped data, including direct, indirect, and step-deviation methods. It provides examples of calculating means for different datasets, such as student ages and heartbeats, and introduces the concept of weighted arithmetic mean with an example. The document serves as a comprehensive guide for understanding and applying mean calculations in statistical analysis.

Uploaded by

sijinadavid08
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Calculation of Mean

The arithmetic mean of X can be computed by any of the following methods.


Method Nature of Data
Ungrouped Data Grouped Data
Direct method ∑𝑋 ∑ 𝑓𝑋
𝑋= 𝑋=
𝑁 𝑁
Indirect method or ∑𝑑 ∑ 𝑓𝑑
Short- cut method 𝑋 = 𝐴 + 𝑋 =𝐴+
𝑁 𝑁
Step- Deviation method ∑ 𝑑′ ∑ 𝑓𝑑′
𝑋=𝐴+ 𝑐 𝑋=𝐴+ 𝑐
𝑁 𝑁

Where, 𝑋 indicates values of the variable 𝑋.


𝑁 indicates the number of values of 𝑋.
𝑓 indicates frequency of different groups.
A indicates assumed mean.
𝑑 indicates deviation from A. i.e., 𝑑 = 𝑋 − 𝐴

𝑐 indicates common factor or class size and 𝑑 =

∑ ⬚ indicates the summation or addition.

Q) The one-sided train fare of five selected students is recorded as follows: Rs.
10, 15, 5, 8 and 12. Calculate the arithmetic mean.
Solution:

Q) Given the following frequency distribution of first year students of a particular


college. Find mean age.
Age(years) 13 14 15 16 17
No. of students 2 5 13 7 3

Solution) The given distribution belongs to a grouped data and the variable
involved is ages of first year students. While the number of students represent
frequencies.
Age(X) Number of students(f) fX
13 2 26
14 5 70
15 13 195
16 7 112
17 3 51
N=30 454

∑ 𝑓𝑋 454
𝐴𝑀 = 𝑋 = = = 15.13 𝑦𝑟𝑠.
𝑁 30

Q) The weekly observations on cost-of-living index in a certain city for a


particular year are given below. Compute the average weekly cost of living index.
Cost of Living 140-150 150-160 160-170 170-180 180-190 190-200
index
No. of weeks 5 10 20 9 6 2

Solution) We use the deviation method by taking 𝐴 = 165 as the assumed mean.
class Class mark () Frequency d=X-A fd
(𝑓 )
140-150 145 5 -20 -100
150-160 155 10 -10 -100
160-170 165 20 0 0
170-180 175 9 10 90
180-190 185 6 20 120
190-200 195 2 30 60
total N=52 70

∑ 𝑓𝑑 70
𝑀𝑒𝑎𝑛 = 𝑋 = 𝐴 + = 165 + = 165 + 1.35 = 166.35
𝑁 52

Q) The number of heart beats per minute of 20 persons admitted to a hospital


are: 78, 77, 79, 80, 75, 81, 77, 78, 82, 79, 78, 76, 80, 78, 77, 78, 76, 79, 77, 78.
Calculate the mean of this data from the frequency distribution with class
intervals of length 2, and compare this with the exact value of the mean.
Solution: The frequency distribution of the data, with 4 class intervals of length
2 is:
No. of heart beats per sec Frequency
75-76 3
77-78 10
79-80 5
81-82 2
Total 20
The class values and the calculations necessary to obtain the mean is:
Class value Frequency(f) fX
75.5 3 226.5
77.5 10 775
79.5 5 397.5
81.5 2 163
Total 20 1562

∑ 𝑓𝑋 1562
𝐴𝑀 = 𝑋 = = = 78.10
𝑁 20
The mean calculated from the raw data is = 78.15

Thus, the exact value of the mean differs by only 0.05 from that obtained from a
frequency distribution with 4 class intervals.

Q) The following data shows the distance covered by 100 persons. Compute the
mean distance covered.
Distance (Km) 0-10 10-20 20-30 30-40
Number of persons 10 20 40 30

Solution) The distribution belongs to a grouped data and the variable involved in
ages of ‘distance covered’. While the ‘number of persons’ represent frequencies.
Distance (Km) No. of persons (f) Midpoint (X) fX
0-10 10 5 50
10-20 20 15 300
20-30 40 25 1000
30-40 30 35 1050
Total N = 100 2400
∑ 𝑓𝑋 2400
𝐴𝑀 = 𝑋 = = = 24𝑘𝑚
𝑁 100

Q) Find the mean of the following data using step deviation method.
Class 5-15 15-25 25-35 35-45 45-55 55-65 65-75
Frequency 6 10 16 15 24 8 7

Solution)
∑
𝑋 =𝐴+ 𝑐 , where A is the assumed mean (X with high frequency), 𝑑 =
and c is the class size (15-5= 10)

Class X (Midpoint) Frequency (f) 𝑋−𝐴 𝑓𝑑


𝑑 =
𝑐
5-15
15-25
25-35
35-45
45-55
55-65
65-75
Total N=

∑ 𝑓𝑑
𝑋 =𝐴+ 𝑐=
𝑁

HW
Q) The following frequency distribution showing the marks obtained by 50
students. Find the arithmetic using:
(i) Direct method
(ii) Short cut method
(iii) Step deviation method
Marks 20-29 30-39 40-49 50-59 60-69 70-79 80-89
Frequency 1 5 12 15 9 6 2
Weighted Arithmetic mean
Arithmetic mean computed by considering relative importance of each item is
called weighted arithmetic mean. Here, we assign weight to each item in
proportion to its relative importance.
∑𝑾𝑿
Weighted Arithmetic Mean 𝑿𝒘 =
∑𝑾

Where, 𝑋 = values of the items and 𝑤 = weight of the item.


Q) A student obtained 40, 50, 60, 80, and 45 marks in the subjects of Maths,
Statistics, Physics, Chemistry and Biology respectively. Assuming weights 5, 4,
3, 2 and 1 respectively, find Weighted Arithmetic Mean.
Solution:
Subjects Marks (X) Weight (W) WX
Maths 40 5 200
statistics 50 4 200
Physics 60 3 180
Chemistry 80 2 160
Biology 45 1 45
Total 15 825

∑𝑾𝑿 𝟖𝟐𝟓
𝑿𝒘 = = = 𝟓𝟓
∑𝑾 𝟏𝟓

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