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Broiler Home Feed Formulation

The document outlines the Pearson Square method for formulating broiler chicken feed, emphasizing the importance of digestible crude protein (DCP) content in various ingredients. It provides specific DCP values for common feed ingredients and details the nutritional requirements for different growth phases of broilers. Additionally, it includes practical feed formulations for starter, grower, and finisher phases, along with tips for preparation and where to purchase additives.

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chilubaharriet8
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203 views8 pages

Broiler Home Feed Formulation

The document outlines the Pearson Square method for formulating broiler chicken feed, emphasizing the importance of digestible crude protein (DCP) content in various ingredients. It provides specific DCP values for common feed ingredients and details the nutritional requirements for different growth phases of broilers. Additionally, it includes practical feed formulations for starter, grower, and finisher phases, along with tips for preparation and where to purchase additives.

Uploaded by

chilubaharriet8
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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BROILER HOME FEED FORMULATION

To formulate feeds, farmers have to use the Pearson Square method. In


this method, the digestible crude protein (DCP) is the basic nutritional
requirement for any feed preparation for all animals and birds.

Now, assuming that a farmer wants to make feed for their broiler
chickens using this method, they have to know the crude protein content
of each of the ingredients they want to use to make their feed.
The following are the DCP values for each of the common ingredients
used in feed making:

1.Whole maize — 8.23%

2.Soya — 45%

3.Fishmeal (Which can also be pounded chisense)— 55%

4.Maize bran — 7%

5.Sunflower — 35%

Each category of chickens has its own nutritional requirement. For


example, if we want to make feed for broilers, the feed should have at
least provide a diet with a digestible crude protein content of around 18-
22% for broiler chickens during the starter phase (0-2 weeks) and around
16-18% for the grower phase (2-4 weeks) and 16% for the finisher phase
(5-6 weeks).

If one was to formulate feed for broilers, then they would have to
calculate the percentage of DCP in each of the ingredients they want to
use to ensure that the total crude protein content is at least 18 per cent.

Therefore, to make a 100kg bag of feed for broilers, a farmer would


require the following ingredients:
To find out if all the above ingredients meet this standard of 18% crude
protein, you need to be aware of the DCP.To find the DCP of an ingredient
in feed formulation, you need to master this simple practical formula
below;

Kilogram of ingredient × DCP value of the same ingredient÷100 (100 is


used because the DCP is expressed in percentage form, therefore, don't
use any other number(s) other than 100,100 is the standard number which
is even used by commercial feed companies).Below are some of the
simple calculations in finding the DCP of ingredients used in feed:

✓Whole maize-34kg x 8.23 ÷100 = 2.80 %

✓Soya -12kg x 45kg ÷ 100 = 5.40 %

✓Fish meal -8 kg x 55kg ÷ 100 = 4.40 %

✓Lime -6 kg x 0 kg ÷ 100 = 0.00%

Total % of crude protein = 13.30%

To get the total crude protein percentage of all these ingredients in a


100kg bag of feed, the farmer should take this crude protein content of
the combined ingredients, divide by 100kg and multiply by 100, thus —
13.30 ÷70 ×100 = 19%; this shows that the crude protein content of the
above feed formulation is 19%, which is quite adequate for layers.

To calculate the digestible crude protein (DCP) content required in a


broiler feed, you need to consider the nutritional requirements of the birds.

The recommended DCP content in broiler feed varies depending on the


age of the birds. Generally, the DCP requirement for broilers is around
18%-22% in starter feed and 16-18% in grower and finisher feed.

For this calculation, let's assume we are making a grower feed with a DCP
content of 20%.
The formula to calculate the amount of DCP required in the feed is as
follows:

DCP requirement = (DCP content ÷100) × Total feed weight

DCP requirement = (20 / 100) * 100kg

DCP requirement = 20 kg

Therefore, you would need 20 kg of digestible crude protein in a 100 kg


broiler feed with a DCP content of 20%.

To ensure the chicken to get all they need in terms of nutrients such as
vitamins, minerals and amino acids, you need these additives in their
standard quantities.

In order to make it even simpler for farmers who would wish to make their
own feeds, below are feed formulations for each category of chickens and
stage of growth already worked out such that all the farmer needs is to
buy the ingredients and mix them:

:NOTE: Additives are available in all Agro shops in our 10 provinces.If


you're in the following provinces below we've included where you can find
the additives;

Western Province -Mongu

Luapula Province -Mansa

Eastern Province -Chipata

Southern Province -Choma, Mazabuka and Livingstone.

Northwestern Province -Solwezi

Northern Province -Kasama

Muchinga Province -Mpika


Central Province -Kabwe and kapiri

Copperbelt -In All districts

Lusaka -In All districts

STARTER FEED FOR 100KG

✓Maize K52.8kg

✓Maize bran 5.6Kg

✓Soya beans meal 18kg ( wash the soya then dry and take to the miller)

✓Sunflower meal 20Kg

✓Fish meal/grinded CHISENSE 5.6kg(You can use a mortar and pestle to


grind or simply a blender).

ADDITIVES

✓Methionine 200g

✓Table salt 200g

✓Lycyne 0.02

✓Premix 300g

✓Dicalcium phosphate (DCP) 200g


GROWER FEED FOR 100KG

✓Maize 50.4kg

✓Maize bran 5.6kg

✓Soya beans 22.8kg

✓Sunflower meal 18kg

✓Fish meal 5.2kg

ADDITIVES

✓Methionine 200g

✓Table salt 200g

✓Lycyne 0.04g

✓Premix 300g

✓DCP 1.9g

FINISHER FEED FOR 100KG

✓Maize 50.3kg

✓Maize bran 5.6kg

✓Soya beans 20.4kg

✓Sunflower meal 19kg

✓Fish meal 4.7kg


ADDITIVES

✓Methionine 200g

✓Lycyne 0.06kg

✓Table salt 200g

✓Premix 300g

✓DCP 1.8g

NOTE:All the additives are available at shops where agriculture products


are sold.

NOTE: SOYA WHICH IS STRAIGHT FROM THE FIELD HAS TO BE WASHED


TO REMOVE THE HARMFUL SUBSTANCES BEFORE TAKING IT TO BE
GRINDED.

✓Broiler chicks require 67g per day. Broiler finishers require 67g of feed
per day to the day of slaughter.

✓Chickens are very sensitive to aflatoxins- never use rotten maize while
making feeds.

WHERE TO BUY ADDITIVE INGREDIENTS?

Farmers who need raw materials for feed making including feed additives
(pre-mixes and amino acids) can order them from agroveterinary shops
nearest to them.

IMPORTANT TIPS ON FEED PREPARATION

✓When making home made feed rations, it is important to do


experimental trials, by isolating a number of chickens, feeding them and
observing their performance. If the feed rations are right, the broilers will
grow fast.
✓You can buy fishmeal from agro shops but making your own is also
great and cheap.Just buy dry Chisense and grind it into powder form
either by using a mortar and pestle or a blender.

Always mix the micronutrients (amino acids) first before mixing them
with the rest of the feed.

NOTE:For mixing, farmers are advised to use a drum mixer (many local
welders can make one) OR use a shovel to mix feed and make sure the
ingredients are evenly distributed.You need a large clean cement floor or
large tent where the ingredients can be mixed from.

BROILER GROWING PHASES

1. Starter Phase (weeks 0-2): During this phase, broilers are typically
housed in a brooding area with supplemental heat to keep them warm.
They are fed a specially formulated starter feed to promote growth and
development.

2. Grower Phase (weeks 2-4): As broilers grow, they transition to a grower


feed that is lower in protein but higher in energy to support continued
growth. During this phase, broilers may be transitioned to a larger housing
area with more space to move around.

3. Finisher Phase (weeks 5-6): In the finisher phase, broilers are fed a
finisher feed that is lower in protein and higher in energy to support rapid
weight gain. The focus during this phase is on maximizing growth and
reaching market weight.

4. Market Age (week 6): Broilers are typically ready for market at around 6
weeks of age, depending on the breed and desired market weight. They
are harvested and processed for sale to consumers.

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