MAHARASHTRA STATE BOARD OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION

NAVJEEVAN EDUCATION SOCIETY POLYTECHNIC

MICRO PROJECT

Academicyear:2024-25

Guided Transmission Media

Course: Information Technology

Program code: IF-4K
Course: Data Communication and Network
Course code : 314318
 MAHARASHTRA STATE BOARD OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION
Certificate

This is to certify that 1 . Ishan Shilimkar

2 . Tanishka Habbu
3 . Neal Daine
of 4th Semester of Diploma in Information Technology of Institute, Navjeevan
Polytechnic (Code: 0144) has completed the Micro Project satisfactorily in
Subject: DCN for the academic year 2024- 2025 as prescribed in the
curriculum.
Place: Bhandup. Enrollment no: 1. 23111050329
2.23111050330
3.23111050331
Date:-……………

Subject Teacher Head of the Department Principal

 Guided Transmission Media

NAVJEEVAN POLYTECHNIC, BHANDUP[W]

GROUP DETAILS
SR. NO Name of Roll no Enrollment No Seat no
Group
Members

1 Ishan 417 23111050329

Shilimkar

2 Tanishka 418 23111050330

Habbu

3 Neal Daine 419 23111050331

Helped and guided by :-

Ms. Reema Kadam
Resources Required:-

Sr No Name of Specifications Quantity Remarks

resources/material
1 Computer Windows 11: Intel(R) 1 Hardwareand
Core(TM) i : 4GB8.00 software used
GB
System type :64 bit
operating
2 internet Google chrome 1 Any specification

3 MS office MS word - -
 Topic: Guided Media Transmission
Academic Year: 2024-2025
Name of Faculty: Ms.Reema Kadam
Program Code: Information technology(IF4K)
Course & Course Code: Data Communication and Network
RollNo: 417,418,419
EnrollmentNo: 23111050329, 23111050330, 23111050331
Semester:IV
Name of Candidate: Ishan Shilimkar, Tanishka Habbu, Neal Daine
Sr.NO Week Activity of Performed Planned start Planned Finish Name of
Date Date Responsible Team
member

1.
1st Discussion and finalizati- All Team Members
on of topic

2. 2nd Preparation and All Team Members

submission of Abstract

3.
3th Collection of Data All Team Members

4.
4th Implementation All Team Members

5. All Team Members

5th Check, Validation and
Execution of code

6. All Team Members

6th Compilation of Report
And Presentation

7. 7th Actual Presentation &

Final submission of
All Team Members
Micro Project
  Introduction to Guided Media Transmission
Guided media refers to a communication medium through which data is transmitted in a
defined path or physical medium. This path is controlled, and the signals are directed along
specific routes. It contrasts with unguided media, where the signal is broadcast freely in the
air.

The primary types of guided media include:

1. Twisted Pair Cables: These consist of pairs of wires twisted together. They are
commonly used in telephone lines and local area networks (LANs). The twisting of
the wires helps reduce interference.
2. Coaxial Cables: This type of cable has a central conductor, insulating layer, metal
shield, and outer covering. It's often used in cable television and internet connections.
3. Optical Fiber Cables: These cables use light to transmit data through glass or plastic
fibers. Optical fibers can carry data over long distances and at very high speeds,
making them ideal for high-bandwidth applications like internet backbones and
telecommunications.

 Transmission Medium:-
Transmission media refers to the physical medium through which data is transmitted from
one device to another within a network. These medium can be wired or wireless. The
choice of medium depends on factors like distance, speed, and interference. In this article,
we will discuss the transmission media. In this article we will see types of transmission
media in detail.

What is Transmission Media in Computer Networks?

A transmission medium is a physical path between the transmitter and the receiver i.e. it is
the channel through which data is sent from one device to another. Transmission Media is
broadly classified into the following types:
1. Guided Media
Guided Media is also referred to as Wired or Bounded transmission media. Signals being
transmitted are directed and confined in a narrow pathway by using physical links.
Features:
 High Speed
 Secure
 Used for comparatively shorter distances
There are 3 major types of Guided Media:
Twisted Pair Cable
It consists of 2 separately insulated conductor wires wound about each other. Generally,
several such pairs are bundled together in a protective sheath. They are the most widely
used Transmission Media. Twisted Pair is of two types:

 Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP):UTP consists of two insulated copper wires twisted
around one another. This type of cable has the ability to block interference and does not
depend on a physical shield for this purpose. It is used for telephonic applications.

Advantages of Unshielded Twisted Pair

 Least expensive
 Easy to install
 High-speed capacity
Disadvantages of Unshielded Twisted Pair
 Lower capacity and performance in comparison to STP
 Short distance transmission due to attenuation
 Shielded Twisted Pair (STP): Shielded Twisted Pair (STP) cable consists of a special
jacket (a copper braid covering or a foil shield) to block external interference. It is used in
fast-data-rate Ethernet and in voice and data channels of telephone lines.
Advantages of Shielded Twisted Pair
 Better performance at a higher data rate in comparison to UTP
 Eliminates crosstalk
 Comparatively faster
Disadvantages of Shielded Twisted Pair
 Comparatively difficult to install and manufacture
 More expensive
 Bulky

Application of Shielded Twisted Pair:-

 Telecommunications: Twisted pair cables are widely used in telephone systems for voice
communication.

 Local Area Networks (LANs): These cables are the backbone of Ethernet networks,
connecting devices like computers, printers, and switches within a building or campus.

 Internet Connectivity (DSL): Digital Subscriber Line (DSL) internet services use twisted
pair cables to deliver high-speed internet over existing telephone lines.

 Security Systems: Twisted pair cables are often used in CCTV camera installations to
transmit video signals.

 Audio Transmission: Sometimes used in audio systems to transmit signals, especially in

low-cost or short-distance applications.

Coaxial Cable:-
Coaxial cable has an outer plastic covering containing an insulation layer made of PVC or
Teflon and 2 parallel conductors each having a separate insulated protection cover.
The coaxial cable transmits information in two modes: Baseband mode(dedicated cable
bandwidth) and Broadband mode(cable bandwidth is split into separate ranges). Cable
TVs and analog television networks widely use Coaxial cables.
 Advantages of Coaxial Cable
 Coaxial cables has high bandwidth .
 It is easy to install.
 Coaxial cables are more reliable and durable.
 Less affected by noise or cross-talk or electromagnetic inference.
 Coaxial cables support multiple channels
Disadvantages of Coaxial Cable
 Coaxial cables are expensive.
 The coaxial cable must be grounded in order to prevent any crosstalk.
 As a Coaxial cable has multiple layers it is very bulky.
 There is a chance of breaking the coaxial cable and attaching a “t-joint” by hackers, this
compromises the security of the data.

Application Of Coaxial Cable :-

 Cable Television (CATV): Coaxial cables are used to deliver cable TV signals to homes,
providing both video and audio signals.

 Internet Connectivity: Used in broadband internet connections, where they carry high-
speed data signals from the internet service provider to homes or businesses.

 Closed-Circuit Television (CCTV): Coaxial cables are often used to connect cameras to
recording devices in security systems, offering a stable connection for video transmission.

 Radio Frequency Transmission: Common in transmitting radio frequency (RF) signals

for various communication systems, such as antennas, satellite dishes, and radio stations.

 Data Transmission: Employed in certain data communication systems, especially for

short to medium distances requiring high bandwidth and reduced interference.

Optical Fiber Cable:-

Optical Fibre Cable uses the concept total internal reflection of light through a core made
up of glass. The core is surrounded by a less dense glass or plastic covering called the
coating. It is used for the transmission of large volumes of data. The cable can be
unidirectional or bidirectional. The WDM (Wavelength Division Multiplexer) supports two
modes, namely unidirectional and bidirectional mode.
Advantages of Optical Fibre Cable
 Increased capacity and bandwidth
 Lightweight
 Less signal attenuation
 Immunity to electromagnetic interference
 Resistance to corrosive materials
Disadvantages of Optical Fibre Cable
 Difficult to install and maintain
 High cost

Applications of Optical Fibre Cable:-

 Medical Purpose: Used in several types of medical instruments.
 Defence Purpose: Used in transmission of data in aerospace.
 For Communication: This is largely used in formation of internet cables.
 Industrial Purpose: Used for lighting purposes and safety measures in designing the
interior and exterior of automobiles.

Difference Between Twisted pair cable, Co-axial cable, and Optical fiber:-

Characteristics Twisted pair cable Co-axial cable Optical fiber cable

Signal Takes place in the Takes place in the Takes place in an

 Characteristics Twisted pair cable Co-axial cable Optical fiber cable

electrical form
electrical form over
over the inner optical form over
the metallic
conductor of the glass fiber.
conducting wires.
transmission cable.

Requires 4
components from
inner to outer-
 Solid conductor
Bundling of very
wire
thin optical fibers
Pair of insulated  Layer of
made up of glass
copper wires insulation
or plastic in a
 Grounding
single cable.
conductor
 Layer of
exterior
Consists of insulation.

Installation and
Implementation
Simple and easy Relatively difficult Difficult

Affected due to The external The external

External magnetic external magnetic magnetic field is magnetic field is
field field. less affected. not affected.

power loss due to

Power loss due to
Power loss due to absorption,
conduction and
conduction. scattering, and
radiation.
Cause of power bending.

Large diameter Large diameter

than Optical fiber than Optical fiber Small diameter
Diameter cable. cable.

The twisted-pair Co-axial cable has Optical fiber cable

cable has low moderately high has a very high
Bandwidth bandwidth. bandwidth. bandwidth.

Electromagnetic EMI can take EMI is reduced to

EMI is not present.
interference(EMI) place. shielding.

Fairly easy
Easy installation. Difficult to install.
Installation installation.
 Characteristics Twisted pair cable Co-axial cable Optical fiber cable

In twisted pair In coaxial cable In optical fiber

cable has very has low cable has very low
Attenuation high attenuation. attenuation. attenuation.

Twisted pair cable

Moderately high Very high data
supports a low
data rate. rate.
Data rate data rate.

Twisted pair cable Co-axial cable has Optical fiber cable

has low noise higher noise has the highest
Noise immunity immunity. immunity. noise immunity.

The cost is very

Cost is moderate Cost is expensive.
Cost low.

Repeater spacing Repeater spacing Repeater spacing

Repeater Spacing is 2-10 km. is 1-10 km. is 10-100 km.

Security is not Security is not Security is

guaranteed of the guaranteed of the guaranteed of the
Security transmitted signal. transmitted signal. transmitted signal.

 Unshielded
Twisted Pair  Single mode
(UTP)  RG59 fiber (SMF)
 Shielded  RG6  Multimode fiber
Twisted Pair (MMF)
Types (STP)

Reasons-
Reasons- absorption,
Reasons-
conduction and scattering
conduction
radiation dispersion and
Power loss bending
 Micro Project Evaluation Sheet:-
Name of Student:- Ishan Shilimkar
Enrollment No:- 23111050329
Name of Programme: Information Technology
Semester: IV.
Course Title: Data communication and computer network
Code: 314318. Title of Micro Project: Guided Transmission media.

Sr.no Charateristic to be Poor(Marks Average( Marks Good(Marks Excellent( Marks Sub Total
assessed 1-3) 4 - 5) 6-8 ) 9- 10)

(A)Process and Product Assessment (Convert above total marks out of 6 marks.)

1Relevance to the
.Course

2LiteratureReview/
.informati on
collection

3Completion of the
.target as per project
proposal

4Analysis of dataand
.representation

5Quality of
.Prototype/Model

6Report Preparation.
.

(B) Individual Presentation/Viva (Convert above marks Total Marks out of 4)

7Presentation
.

8Viva
.

(A)Process and Product Assessment (6marks) (B)IndividualPresentation/Viva(4 Total Marks 10

marks)

Comments/Suggestions about team work. Leadership/inter-personal communication

……………………………………………………………………………… Name and
designation of the Teacher: - Ms. Reema Kadam
Dated Signature …………………………………………….
 Micro Project Evaluation Sheet:-
Name of Student:-, Tanishka Habbu
Enrollment No:- 23111050330
Name of Programme: Information Technology
Semester: IV.
Course Title: Data communication and computer network
Code: 314318. Title of Micro Project: Guided Transmission Media

Sr.no Charateristic to be Poor(Marks Average( Marks Good(Marks Excellent( Marks Sub Total
assessed 1-3) 4 - 5) 6-8 ) 9- 10)

(A)Process and Product Assessment (Convert above total marks out of 6 marks.)

1Relevance to the
.Course

2LiteratureReview/
.informati on
collection

3Completion of the
.target as per project
proposal

4Analysis of dataand
.representation

5Quality of
.Prototype/Model

6Report Preparation.
.

(B) Individual Presentation/Viva (Convert above marks Total Marks out of 4)

7Presentation
.

8Viva
.

(A)Process and Product Assessment (6marks) (B)IndividualPresentation/Viva(4 Total Marks 10

marks)

Comments/Suggestions about team work. Leadership/inter-personal communication

……………………………………………………………………………… Name and
designation of the Teacher: - Ms.Reema Kadam
Dated Signature …………………………………………….
 Micro Project Evaluation Sheet:-
Name of Student:- Neal Daine
Enrollment No:- 23111050331
Name of Programme: Information Technology
Semester: IV.
Course Title: Datacommunication and computer network
Code: 31418. Title of Micro Project: Guided Transmission media

Sr.no Charateristic to be Poor(Marks Average( Marks Good(Marks Excellent( Marks Sub Total
assessed 1-3) 4 - 5) 6-8 ) 9- 10)

(A)Process and Product Assessment (Convert above total marks out of 6 marks.)

1Relevance to the
.Course

2LiteratureReview/
.informati on
collection

3Completion of the
.target as per project
proposal

4Analysis of dataand
.representation

5Quality of
.Prototype/Model

6Report Preparation.
.

(B) Individual Presentation/Viva (Convert above marks Total Marks out of 4)

7Presentation
.

8Viva
.

(A)Process and Product Assessment (6marks) (B)IndividualPresentation/Viva(4 Total Marks 10

marks)

Comments/Suggestions about team work. Leadership/inter-personal communication

……………………………………………………………………………… Name and
designation of the Teacher: - MS.Reema Kadam
Dated Signature …………………………………………….