BASKETBALL of leather, rubber, or composite materials.

History of basketball The size and weight can vary depending

• Basketball has a fascinating on the level of play (e.g., men's, women's,
history that dates back to 1891. It or youth basketball).
was invented by Dr. James A. Men's Basketball:
Naismith, a Canadian physical • Size 7: The official size for men's
education instructor, at the professional, college, and high
International YMCA Training school basketball.
School in Springfield, • Circumference: 29.5 inches (75
Massachusetts cm)
• Naismith was tasked with creating • Weight: 22 ounces (623.7 grams
an indoor game to keep athletes in B. Women's Basketball:
shape during the cold winter • Size 6: The official size for
months. He came up with a game women's professional, college, and
that involved throwing a soccer high school basketball.
ball into peach baskets nailed to • Circumference: 28.5 inches (72
the lower railing of the gym cm)
balcony. • Weight: 20 ounces (566.9 grams)
• The first public basketball game • 2. Hoop (Basket): The hoop
was played on March 11, 1892, in consists of a rim (18 inches in
Springfield, Massachusetts diameter) attached to a
• The game quickly gained backboard. The rim is positioned
popularity and spread to colleges 10 feet above the ground. The
and universities across the United backboard can be made of
States. By 1946, the National materials like tempered glass,
Basketball Association (NBA) was acrylic, or plastic.
established, and it grew into a • 3. Court: A basketball court is a
multibillion-dollar enterprise rectangular playing surface with
• Basketball's popularity continued specific dimensions. Standard
to grow internationally, with the court dimensions are 94 feet long
sport being included in the and 50 feet wide for professional
Olympic Games in 1936 and college play, and 84 feet long
Objectives of the game and 50 feet wide for high school
• 1. To score more points than the play. The court includes markings
opposing team within the allotted such as the three-point line, free-
game time throw line, and key (painted area).
• 2. Prevent the opposing team from PARTS of the COURT
scoring by blocking shots, stealing 1. The Paint (The Key)
the ball, and applying defensive 2. The Free-Throw Line
pressure. 3. The Free-Throw Circle
Equipment in basketball 4. The Three-Point Line
1. Basketball- The primary piece of 5. The Baseline and Sideline
equipment, a basketball is typically made 6. The Center Circle
7. The Restricted Area past the midcourt line within 8
Rules and Regulations seconds after gaining possession. If
1. Game Duration: A standard game the team fails to do so, they
consists of four quarters, each commit a turnover, and the
lasting 12 minutes in the NBA or opposing team is awarded
10 minutes in international play. possession of the ball.
Overtime periods are typically 5 • • 3-Second Rule: Offensive players
minutes cannot stay in the key (painted
2. Team Composition: Each team has area) for more than three seconds
five players on the court, including without actively moving or
positions like guard, forward, and attempting to score.
center.
3. Scoring: Points are awarded for
field goals (2 or 3 points) and free
throws (1 point). The team with
the most points at the end of the
game wins.
4. Ball Movement: Players must
dribble (bounce) the ball while
moving. Passing is also used to
advance the ball and create scoring
opportunities.
Violations in basketball
• 1. Traveling: A player cannot take
more than two steps without
dribbling the ball. Violations result
in a turnover.
• Double Dribble: A player cannot
dribble the ball, stop, and then
start dribbling again. This results
in a turnover.
• Shot Clock: Teams have a limited
time (24 seconds in the NBA) to
attempt a shot. Failure to do so
results in a shot clock violation.
• Fouls: Physical contact, such as
hitting or pushing, is penalized
with personal fouls. Accumulating
too many fouls can lead to
disqualification or free throws for
the opposing team.
• •8 seconds violation: It requires the
offensive team to advance the ball