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AM101 Assignment III - 2023 24 Session

The document is an assignment for a Mathematics-I course at Delhi Technological University, containing various mathematical problems and proofs related to homogeneous functions, optimization, and Taylor series. It includes tasks such as verifying Euler's theorem, finding maximum and minimum values of functions, and estimating errors in approximations. The assignment concludes with specific answers to each problem presented.

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Himanshu Mehar
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4 views2 pages

AM101 Assignment III - 2023 24 Session

The document is an assignment for a Mathematics-I course at Delhi Technological University, containing various mathematical problems and proofs related to homogeneous functions, optimization, and Taylor series. It includes tasks such as verifying Euler's theorem, finding maximum and minimum values of functions, and estimating errors in approximations. The assignment concludes with specific answers to each problem presented.

Uploaded by

Himanshu Mehar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Department of Applied Mathematics

Delhi Technological University

Assignment-III

Course: Mathematics-I Code: AM-101

1. If f is a homogeneous function of degree n in two independent variables x and y, then


prove that
∂2f ∂2f 2
2∂ f
x2 + 2xy + y = n(n − 1)f.
∂x2 ∂x∂y ∂y 2

x(x3 − y 3 )
2. Verify Euler’s theorem (on homogeneous functions) for f (x, y) = .
x3 + y 3
∂2z 2
2∂ z
3. Show that = α if z = f (x − αy) + g(x + αy).
∂y 2 ∂x2
y y
4. If z = sin + x sin−1 , then show that
x x
∂2z ∂2z ∂2z
x2 2
+ 2xy + y 2 2 = 0.
∂x ∂x∂y ∂y
x+y ∂u ∂u 1
5. If u = cot−1 √ √ , prove that x +y + cot u = 0.
x+ y ∂x ∂y 2
x2 + y 2 + z 2
6. Show that w = sin−1 u, where u = , satisfies
x+y+z
∂w ∂w ∂w
x +y +z = tan w.
∂x ∂y ∂z
√ √
7. If u = sin( x + y), then show that
∂u ∂u 1 √ √ √ √
x +y = ( x + y) cos( x + y).
∂x ∂y 2

8. Find the dimensions of the closed rectangular box with maximum volume that can be
inscribed in the unit sphere.
8
Ans. √ cubic units.
3 3
9. Find the greatest and smallest values that the function f (x, y) = xy takes on the ellipse
x2 y2
+ = 1.
8 2
Ans. f (x, y) = xy takes its extreme values at the points (±2, 1), (±2, −1). Extreme
values are xy = 2 and xy = −2.

1
10. Find the maximum and minimum values of f (x, y) = x2 + xy + y 2 in the unit square
0 ≤ x ≤ 1, 0 ≤ y ≤ 1.
Ans. Maximum value = 3, Minimum value =0.

11. Find the shortest distance from the origin to the curve of intersection of the surfaces
xyz = αs
and y = βx where α > 0, β > 0.
α(β 2 + 1)
Ans. 3 .
2β

12. A climber at the summit of a mountain wants to descend to a lower altitude as fast as
possible. The altitude of the mountain (in meters) is given approximately by

5x2 + 4xy + 2y 2
ϕ(x, y) = 3000 − ,
10, 000

where x, y are horizontal coordinates on the earth (in meters), with the mountain summit
located above the origin. In thirty minutes, the climber can reach any point (x, y) on or
within a circle of radius 1000 m. What point should he travel to in order to get as far
down as possible in 30 minutes?

Ans. The climber should leave the point heading towards either of the points (894, 447)
or (−894, −447).

13. Expand f (x, y) = tan−1 xy about (1, 1) upto second degree terms using Taylor series.
Hence, compute f (1.1, 0.8).
1 1 1 1
Ans. 0.7854 + (x − 1) + (y − 1) − (x − 1)2 − (y − 1)2 ; 0.7229.
2 2 4 4
14. Use Taylor’s formula to find a quadratic approximation of ex sin y at the origin. Estimate
the error in the approximation if |x| ≤ 0.1 and |y| ≤ 0.1.
Ans. Quadratic approximation, ex sin y ≈ y + xy.
Error in the estimation is E(x, y) ≤ 0.000814.

End

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