NSS Mathematics in Action (2nd Edition) 4A Full Solutions

Other Learning Resources (b) The roots of the required quadratic equation are
  2 and 2   .
Sum of roots    2  2  
Integrated Exercise (p. E.14)  3  3
 3(   )
Part A
1. (a) 6x2  x  2  0  3(2)
(3x  2)(2 x  1)  0  6
Product of roots  (  2 )(2   )
3x  2  0 or 2x  1  0
 2 2    4  2 2
2 1
x or x  2 2  5  2 2
3 2
 2( 2   2 )  5
(b) 2 x 2  3( x  1)  2(14)  5(5)
3
2 x 2  3x  3  0
∴ The required quadratic equation is
 (3)  (3) 2  4(2)(3) x 2  (6) x  3  0
x
2(2) x2  6x  3  0
3  33

4 6. (a) 3i  2i 2  i 3  3i  2(1)  i
  2  2i
2. ( x  k )( x  1)  x  k
( x  k )( x  1)  ( x  k )  0 3i 3  i 2i  5
( x  k )( x  1  1)  0
(b)  
2i  5 2i  5 2i  5
( x  k )( x  2)  0 (3  i )(2i  5)

x  k  0 or x  2  0 (2i ) 2  52
x  k or x2 6i  15  2i 2  5i

 4  25
3. (a) Distance travelled by the car 6i  15  2( 1)  5i

 5(t  4)(t  3) km  29
 5(t 2  7t  12) km  13  11i

 29
(b) 5(t  7t  12)  250
2
13 11
  i
t 2  7t  12  50 29 29
t 2  7t  38  0
From the graph, t = 3.6 or 10.6 (rejected) 7. (a  i ) 2  2(a  i )  k  0
∴ Speed of the car
 5(3.6  4) km/h a 2  2ai  i 2  2a  2i  k  0
 38 km/h a 2  2ai  1  2a  2i  k  0
a 2  2a  k  1  (2a  2)i  0
4. ∵ The quadratic equation has no real roots. 2a  2  0
∴ 0 a  1
(6) 2  4(3)(k  1)  0 a 2  2a  k  1  0
36  12k  12  0
(1) 2  2(1)  k  1  0
 12k  48
1 2  k 1  0
k 4
k 2
∴ The range of values of k is k  4.

2 8. (a) f (3)  1
5. (a) Sum of roots        2
1 (3  7) 2  k  1
5 16  k  1
Product of roots     5
1 k   15
2  2
  2  2   2  2
 (   ) 2  2
 (2) 2  2(5)
 14

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(b) f ( x)  0 5
(ii) ∵ Slope of AB  and y-intercept = –1
( x  7) 2  15  0 2
( x  7) 2  15 5
∴ The equation of AB is y  x  1 (or
2
x  7   15
5x  2 y  2  0 ).
x  7  15 ∵ y-axis is the axis of reflectional symmetry
∴ The roots are irrational numbers. of △ABC.
∴ Coordinates of C = (2, 4)
9. (a) ∵ y-intercept = 3 1  4
Slope of AC 
∴ r 3 0  ( 2)
 x  2x  3  0
2 5

2
x2  2x  3  0
5
( x  3)( x  1)  0 ∴ The equation of AC is y   x  1 (or
2
x  3  0 or x  1  0 5x  2 y  2  0 ).
x  3 or x 1
∴ p  3, q  1 12. (a) Equation of BC:
y  (2) 3  (2)

(b) [ x  3(3)][ x  3(1)]  0 x3 23
y  2 1
( x  9)( x  3)  0 
x  3 1
x 2  6 x  27  0
y  2  x3
2 y  x5
10. (a) The slope of 2 x  ky  8  0 is  .
k
1 (b) (i) The slope of BC is 1.
The slope of x  3 y  1  0 is  . ∵ AD  BC
3
∴ The slope of AD = 1
∵ The two lines are parallel.
Equation of AD:
2 1
∴   y  (1)
k 3  1
x6
k 6
y  1  x  6
y  x  5
(b) ∵ 3x  2 y  m  0 and nx  5 y  10  0 are the
equations of two coincident lines.
 y  x  5 ......(1)
3 2 m (ii) 
∴  
n 5  10  y   x  5 ......(2)
∴ 2n  15 and 5m  20 By substituting (2) into (1), we have
x  5  x  5
15
n and m  4 2 x  10
2
x5
By substituting x = 5 into (1), we have
11. (a) ∵ y-axis is the axis of reflectional symmetry of y 55
△ABC.
0
∴ y-axis is the angle bisector of BAC.
∴ The coordinates of D  (5, 0)
1  4
(b) (i) Slope of AB  13. (a) ∵ 2x + 1 is a factor of f(x).
02
5  1
 ∴ f    0
2  2
3 2
 1  1  1
2    k     3    2  0
 2  2  2
1 k 3
   20
4 4 2
1 k  6  8  0
k  3

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NSS Mathematics in Action (2nd Edition) 4A Full Solutions

(b) By the remainder theorem, Part B

f (2)  2(2)3  3(2) 2  3(2)  2 17. (a) Sum of roots  q
 16  12  6  2 2  3i  2  3i  q
 20 q 4
∴ The remainder is 20. P roductof roots  r
(2  3i )(2  3i )  r
14. (a) f ( x)  (6 x 2  19x  19)( x  1)  15
22  (3i ) 2  r
 6 x3  19x 2  19x  6 x 2  19x  19  15 49r
 6 x3  13x 2  4 r  13

(b) 6 x  13
(b) f ( x)  ( x  p)( x2  4 x  13)
x 2  1 6 x 3  13x 2  0 x  4 f (2)  27
6 x 3  0 x 2  6x (2  p )[2 2  4(2)  13]  27
 13x 2  6 x  4 (2  p)(9)  27
2 p 3
 13x 2  0 x  13
p 1
6x  9
f ( x)  0
∴ Quotient = 6 x  13
( x  1)( x 2  4 x  13)  0
∴ The real root of the equation is 1.
15. (a) (i) 2a 2  2a  4  2(a 2  a  2)
 2(a  2)(a  1) 18. (a) f ( x)  9 x  2 x 2
(ii) 4a  16a  16  4(a  4a  4)
2 2
 9 
 2 x 2  x 
 4(a  2) 2  2 
 9 9 9 
2 2

(iii) 2a 2  8  2(a 2  4)  2  x 2  x       
 2  4   4  
 2(a  2)(a  2)
 9  9    81 
2

 2  x 2  x      2 
(b) 2a 2  2a  4  2  (a  2)  (a  1)  2  4    16 
4a 2  16a  16  22  (a  2) 2  9  81
2

 2 x   
2a 2  8  2  (a  2)  (a  2)  4 8
∴ H.C.F.  2  (a  2) 81
∴ The optimum value is .
 2(a  2) 8

L.C.M.  22  (a  2) 2  (a  1)  (a  2) (b) (i) ∵ AEFG and HIJD are two identical squares.
 4(a  2) 2 (a  1)(a  2) ∴ Length of their sides = p cm
q cm 2  area of GHIF  area of EFKB  area of IJCL
q  p (6  2 p )  p (6  p )  p (6  p )
x 2  3 x  9 x 3  27
16. (a)  2
x   3x x 9  6 p  2 p2  6 p  p2  6 p  p2
x 2  3x  9 ( x  3)( x  3)  18 p  4 p 2
 
x( x  3) ( x  3)( x 2  3x  9)
36
1 (ii) q
 2
x
18 p  4 p 2  18
4 p 2  18 p  18  0
1 x5
(b)  2 p2  9 p  9  0
x  2 x 2  2 x  15
1 x5 (2 p  3)( p  3)  0
 
x  2 ( x  5)( x  3) 2p 3 0 or p 3 0
1 1 3
  p or p  3 (rejected)
x2 x3 2
x 3 x  2

( x  2)( x  3)
5
 2
x  x6

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(iii) q  18 p  4 p
2 (ii) Area of △ABC
(7  1)7
 2(9 p  2 p ) 2
 sq. units
2
  9  81
2
 21sq.units
 2  2 p     (from (a))
  4 8  Area of △ABD
2 (7  1)16
 9  81  sq.units
 4 p    2
 4 4
 48 sq.units
∵ The maximum area of the shaded region is
Area of quadrilateral ADBC
81 2
cm .  (21  48) sq.units
4
 69 sq.units
∴ Dorothy’s claim is not correct.

8 21. (a) f ( x)  2 x 2  12x  10

19. (a)      4
2
 2( x 2  6 x)  10
7
   6 6 
2 2
2  2  x 2  6 x         10
  2   2  
     2( x  3) 2  2(32 )  10
(b) Coordinates of M   , 0
 2 
 2( x  3) 2  8
4 
 , 0 ∴ p  3 and q  8
 2 
 ( 2, 0) By substituting (6, r) into y  2 x 2  12x  10 , we
have
(c) (i) The axis of symmetry of the graph is x = 2. r  2(6) 2  12(6)  10
(ii) By substituting x = 2 into y  2 x 2  8x  7 ,  10
we have
y  2(2) 2  8(2)  7 (b) (i) ∵ R(6, 10) is the vertex of the graph of
 8  16  7 y = g(x).
 1 ∴ g(x) = a(x – 6)2 + 10, where a is a constant
∴ The coordinates of the vertex  (2,  1) ∵ y = g(x) passes through P(3, –8).
∴ g (3)  8

20. (a) Let f ( x)  a( x  1)( x  7) . a (3  6) 2  10  8

∵ y-intercept = 7 9a  18
∴ a(1)(7)  7 a  2
a 1 ∴ g ( x)   2( x  6) 2  10
∴ f ( x)  ( x  1)( x  7)
 x2  8x  7 (ii) Let (x, y) be the coordinates of Q.
∵ QR = PR and R(6, 10) is the vertex of the
graph y = g(x).
(b) (i) g ( x)   f ( x)  k ∴ The axis of symmetry of the graph of
 ( x 2  8 x  7 )  k y = g(x) is x = 6, and QP is a horizontal line,
  x2  8x  k  7 the mid-point of QP lies on the axis of
∵ The graph of y  g (x) touches the x-axis symmetry x = 6.
at a point. px
i.e. 6 and y  q
∴ 0 2
82  4(1)(k  7)  0 x  12  3  8
64  4k  28  0 9
4k  36 ∴ Coordinates of Q = (9, –8)
k  9 10  (8)
Slope of QR   6
69
g ( x)   x 2  8 x  (9)  7
10  (8)
  x 2  8 x  16 Slope of PC   6
03
∵ The y-intercept of the graph of y = g(x) ∵ Slope of QR = slope of PC
is –16.
∴ QR// PC
∴ The coordinates of D  (0,  16)
∴ David’s claim is correct.

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NSS Mathematics in Action (2nd Edition) 4A Full Solutions

22. (a) ∵ 2x + 1 is a factor of 23. (a) ∵ f (x) is divisible by 2 x  1 .

f ( x)  2 x 3  mx2  (n  1) x  4 . 1
∴ f 0
 1 2
∴ f    0
 2 1
3
1
2
1
3 2 2   a   11   b  0
 1  1  1 2 2 2
2    m    (n  1)    4  0
 2   2   2 1 a 11
  b 0
1 m n 1 4 4 2
   40
4 4 2 a  4b  21  0 ......(1)
 1  m  2n  2  16  0 ∵ When f (x) is divided by x  1 , the
m  2n  13  0.......( 1) remainder is 12.
∴ f (1)  12
∵ 2x + 1 is a factor of g ( x)  2 x 2  nx  m .
2(1)3  a(1) 2  11(1)  b  12
 1
∴ g    0  2  a  11  b  12
 2
2 a  b  3  0 ......(2)
 1  1
2    n    m  0 (1)  (2):
 2  2 3b  18  0
1 n b6
 m0
2 2
2m  n  1  0.......( 2) By substituting b = 6 into (2), we have
a 63 0
2  (1)  (2):
5n  25  0 a  3
n  5
By substituting n = 5 into (1), we have (b) f ( x)  2 x3  3x2  11x  6
m  2(5)  13  0 x2  x  6
m  3
2 x  1 2 x 3  3 x 2  11x  6
2 x3  x 2
(b) f ( x)  g ( x)
 2 x3  3x 2  (5  1) x  4  2 x 2  5 x  3  2 x 2  11x  6

 2 x3  x 2  x  1  2x2  x
x2  x  1  12 x  6
 12x  6
2 x  1 2 x3  x 2  x  1
2 x3  x 2 f ( x)  2 x3  3x 2  11x  6
 (2 x  1)( x 2  x  6)
 2x2  x  1
 ( x  2)(2 x  1)( x  3)
 2x2  x
2x  1
2x  1 (c) (i) g ( x)  2 x3  7 x 2  3x

∴ f ( x)  g ( x)  (2 x  1)( x 2  x  1)  x(2 x 2  7 x  3)
 x( x  3)(2 x  1)
f ( x)  ( x  2)  (2 x  1)  ( x  3)
g ( x  1) x2  x  2 g ( x)  x   (2 x  1)  ( x  3)
(c) 
f ( x)  g ( x) x3  1 ∴ H.C.F.  (2 x  1)( x  3)
2( x  1) 2  5( x  1)  3 ( x  1)( x 2  x  1)
  L.C.M.  x( x  2)(2 x  1)( x  3)
(2 x  1)( x 2  x  1) ( x  2)( x  1)
2( x 2  2 x  1)  5 x  5  3 1
 
2x  1 x2
2x2  4x  2  5x  8

(2 x  1)( x  2)
2x2  x  6

( 2 x  1)( x  2)
( 2 x  3)( x  2)

(2 x  1)( x  2)
2x  3

2x  1

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5 1 0  (2)
(ii)  25. (a) Slope of L1 
f ( x) g ( x) 1 0
5 1 2
  ∵ L1 // L2
( x  2)(2 x  1)( x  3) x( x  3)(2 x  1)
∴ Slope of L2 = 2
5 x  ( x  2)
 Equation of L2:
x( x  2)(2 x  1)( x  3)
y0
4x  2 2
 x  (3)
x( x  2)(2 x  1)( x  3)
y
2(2 x  1) 2
 x3
x( x  2)(2 x  1)( x  3) y  2x  6
2 ∵ y-intercept of L2 = 6

x( x  2)( x  3) ∴ Coordinates of C  (0, 6)

24. (a) By substituting y = 0 into the equation of AP, we

(b) (i) ∵ Q(m, n) lies on L2.
have
x04 0
∴ n  2m  6
PQ  m
x4
∴ The x-intercept of AB is 4. QR  n  2m  6
∴ Coordinates of A = (4, 0) ∴ Area of rectangle OPQR
∵ AC is the median of OB in △OBC.  m(2m  6) sq.units
∴ A is the mid-point of OB.
(ii)  m(2m  6)  2(m 2  3m)
∴ Coordinates of B = (2(4), 0)  (8, 0)
 3 3 
2 2

 2 m 2  3m       
(b) Equation of BP:   2   2  
y0 20 2
  3 9
x 8 68  2 m    2 
 2 4
y 2
 
2
3 9
x 8  2  2 m   
y  x  8  2 2
x  y 8  0 3
When m   ,
∵ The y-intercept of BP is 8. 2
∴ Coordinates of C  (0, 8)  3
n  2    6
 2
(c) Let BP : PC = a : b. 3
8b  0(a ) ∴ The area of the largest rectangle is
6 9
ab sq. units and its dimensions are
6a  6b  8b 2
6a  2b 3 3
3 units  units (or units  3 units).
a 1 2 2

b 3
∴ BP : PC  1 : 3

(d) ∵ The lengths of the bases of △AOC and △ABP

are the same.
∴ Area of △AOC : area of △ABP
= height of △AOC : height of △ABP
=8:2
= 4: 1
∵ The heights of △ABP and △ACP are the
same.
∴ Area of △ABP : area of △ACP  BP : PC
 1: 3
∴ The required ratio
 4 :1: 3

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