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Q1L3 - Geometric

The document explains geometric sequences, which are formed by multiplying each term by a constant called the common ratio. It includes examples of finding common ratios, missing terms, and the nth term formula, as well as geometric means and series. Additionally, it provides formulas for finite and infinite geometric series and various examples to illustrate these concepts.

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bernalsamantha235
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21 views33 pages

Q1L3 - Geometric

The document explains geometric sequences, which are formed by multiplying each term by a constant called the common ratio. It includes examples of finding common ratios, missing terms, and the nth term formula, as well as geometric means and series. Additionally, it provides formulas for finite and infinite geometric series and various examples to illustrate these concepts.

Uploaded by

bernalsamantha235
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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GEOMETRIC SEQUENCE

✓ Sequence that are form by


multiplication. Each term in a
geometric sequence is found by
multiplying the previous term by the
same number.
✓ Thus, the constant
multiplier in a geometric
sequence is called common
ratio
Examples: Find the ratio of the 2 nd

number to the first number


1) 2 8
2) −3 9
1
3) 1
2
4) −5 −10
Examples: Find the ratio of the 2 nd

number to the first number


1) 2 8 4
2) −3 9 −3
1
3) 1 2
2
4) −5 −10 2
Examples: Find the ratio of the 2 nd

number to the first number


5) 12 4
6) −49 7
1 1
7)
4 2
Examples: Find the ratio of the 2 nd

number to the first number


1
5) 12 4
3
1
6) −49 7 −
7
1 1
7) 2
4 2
Common
Geometric Sequence
ratio (r)
8) 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, …
9) 6, -12, 24, -48, …
1 1 1
10) , , ,…
2500 500 100
Common
Geometric Sequence
ratio (r)
8) 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, … 2
9) 6, -12, 24, -48, … -2
10)
1
,
1
,
1
,… 5
2500 500 100
a) 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, …
Take note: b) 6, −12, 24, −48, …
✓r is positive whole number – if
increasing and all terms are also
positive
✓r is negative whole number – if
increasing and terms are alternate
positive and negative
c) 27, 9, 3, 1, …
d) −48, 12, −4, 1, …
Take note:
✓r is positive fraction – if decreasing
and all terms are also positive
✓r is negative fraction – if decreasing
and terms are alternate positive and
negative
Take note:
✓If you multiply/divide a certain
number to get the next term, then
it is geometric
✓If you add/subtract to get the
next term, then it is arithmetic
State whether each of the following sequences
is geometric or not. If it is what is the
common ratio?
Act 3: Find the missing terms in each geometric
sequence
1) 3, 12, 48, ___, ___
2) ___, ___, 32, 64, 128
3) 120, 60, 30, ___, ___
4) 5, ___, 20, 40, ___
6) −2 ___, ___, −16, −32, −64
5) ___, 4, 12, 36, ___
7) 256, ___, ___, −32, 16
1
8) 27, 9, ___, ___, , ___
3
1
9) , ___, ___, ___, 64, 256
4
Nth Term of Geometric
Sequence
Formula:
𝒏−𝟏
𝒂𝒏 = 𝒂𝟏 𝒓
Wherein: 𝑎𝑛 = nth term
𝑎1 = first term
n = number of terms
r = common ratio
Examples:
1) Find the 9th term of the sequence:
a. 10, 20, 40, 80, …
b. -24, 12, -6, 3, …
c. 5, -5, 5, -5, …
2) Find the 7th term of the geometric
sequence 5, 15, 45, 135, …
Examples:
1
3) 𝑎1 = −1, 𝑟 = , find 𝑎7
5

1
4) 𝑎10 = 524, 𝑟 = , find 𝑎1
2

5) 𝑎1 = 2048, 𝑎𝑛 = 16, 𝑛 = 8, find r


Geometric Means
Are the terms between any two given
terms of a geometric sequence.
Examples:
6) Find the three geometric means
between 32 and 1/8 .
7) Find two geometric means between 2
and 128.
Mean Proportional

a term between exactly two terms of a


geometric mean. 𝑎2 = ± 𝑎1 𝑎3
Examples:
8) Find the mean proportional to each pair
of numbers.
a. 3 and 12 b. -2 and -12
More Examples
9) Find 𝑎4 , 𝑎5 and 𝑎6 , if the first term
is 3 and 3 term is 48.
rd

10) The 2nd term of geometric


sequence is 1, and the 4 term is 9.
th

Find the 1 and 10 term.


st th

11) Insert 3 geometric means between


5 and 3125.
More Examples
12) A population of fruit flies is
growing in such a way that each
generation is 1.5 times as large as the
last generation. Suppose there were
100 insects in the first generation.
How many would there be in the
fourth generation?
More Examples
13) Find r and first term of the
geometric sequence with 3 term of
rd

20 and sixth term 160.

14) How much will be earned on day


20 if daily wages follow the sequence
1, 2, 4, 8, 16, … pesos?
Geometric Series

Is the sum of the terms of a geometric


sequence.
If the number of the terms in the
geometric sequence is finite, the sum of
terms is called a finite geometric series. If
not, the series is infinite.
Formula of Finite Geometric
Series
𝒂𝟏 𝒏
(𝟏−𝒓 ) 𝒂𝟏 𝒏
(𝒓 −𝟏)
𝑺𝒏 = or 𝑺𝒏 =
(𝟏−𝒓) (𝒓−𝟏)
Where:
𝒂𝟏 = first term
𝒏 = number of terms
𝒓 = common ratio
Formula of Infinite Geometric
Series
𝒂𝟏
𝑺∞ = , 𝒘𝒉𝒆𝒓𝒆 |𝒓| < 𝟏
(𝟏−𝒓)
Where:
𝒂𝟏 = first term
𝒓 = common ratio
Example:
1. Find the sum of the first seven terms of the
geometric sequence -5, 10, -20, 40,…
2. Find the sum of the first six terms of the
geometric sequence 3, 9, 27,…
3. Find the sum of a geometric sequence for
which the first term is 125, the last term is
1/5, and the common ratio is 1/5.
Example:
4. For the sum of the infinite sequence 5, 2.5,
1.25, 0.625,…
5. Find the value of the infinite geometric
series, 4 + 2 + 1 + ½ + ¼ ,…
6. Find the value of the infinite geometric
series 2 + 4 + 8 + 16, …
7. Find the sum of each infinite series, if it
exists. Explain why the sum exist or does not
exist.
1 1 1 𝑛−1
a. 1 + + +⋯ c. ∞
σ𝑛=1 4
5 25 5

b.4 + 12 + 36 … d. ∞
σ𝑛=1 3 2 𝑛−1
8. The new SP2NHS Website got
4,000 views on the first day.
During the next 4 days, the
number of page views increased
by 30% per day. What is the total
amount of page views in the first
five days.
9. A ball was dropped from a table
that is twenty-four inches high.
The ball repeatedly bounced
three-fourths of the distance
fallen. Approximately how far
would the ball have traveled when
it finally came rest?

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