Solar Report[ SAHIL
Solar Report[ SAHIL
Submitted By
SAHIL KHODAKE
R0LL NO.37
6th SEM B. TECH.
pg. 2
INTRODUCTION
For students enrolled in professional courses like engineering and
management, among others, an industrial visit is crucial. The equipment,
machinery, operational procedures, and everything else that students will
encounter in their particular field must all be displayed in their actual working
settings.
The faculty and students arrived at the college's solar power facility on 3 rd
April,2024, around 10:30 AM.The students were given a basic introduction to
power plants and how they operate. The Single Line Diagram (SLD) of a solar
power plant was also explained by the faculty. First, the students went to Solar
Plate Yard. The students next went to the inverter room, which converts D.C.
to
A.C. power, after visiting the solar plate yard. Students heard information
about about maintaining an inverter
pg. 3
OBJECTIVE OF THE SITE SURVEY
I. Understand different terminology used in solar system.
II. Understand difference between solar cell,solar module and solar
array.
III. Design and structure of PV Module.
IV. PV module power output :I-V equation of PV Module.
V. Rating of PV Module.
VI. Effect of solar Irradiation/Temperature.
VII. Different terminologies used in the solar PV system
VIII. Differentiating between solar cells, solar modules, and solar arrays
IX. Examining the I-V and power curves of PV modules
X. Observing the effect of solar irradiation and temperature on
performance
pg. 4
DESIGN AND STRUCTURE OF MODULE
solar photovoltaic (PV) module is a device that converts sunlight directly into
electricity through the photovoltaic effect. Its design and structure are
meticulously engineered to maximize efficiency, durability, and reliability. A
typical solar PV module comprises multiple solar cells, which are
semiconductor devices—often made of silicon—capable of generating
electrical current when exposed to light. These cells are interconnected and
encapsulated in a protective material, such as ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA),
ensuring mechanical integrity and environmental resistance. The front surface
of the module is covered with a high-transparency tempered glass, which
enhances durability.
The back sheet provides insulation and protects against moisture infiltration,
maintaining the module's long-term performance. A sturdy aluminum frame
surrounds the module, offering mechanical strength and facilitating secure
mounting. Electrical connections within the module are managed through
busbars and conductive materials that optimize current flow while reducing
resistive losses.
pg. 5
EXAMINING I-V AND POWER CURVE OF
PV MODULES
The Solar Cell I-V Characteristic Curves shows the current and voltage (I- V)
characteristics of a particular photovoltaic (PV) cell, module or array. It gives a
detailed description of its solar energy conversion ability and efficiency.
Knowing the electrical I-V characteristics (more importantly Pmax) of a solar
cell, or panel is critical in determining the device's output performance and
solar efficiency. Photovoltaic solar cells convert the suns radiant light directly
into electricity. With increasing demand for a clean energy source and the
sun's potential as a free energy source, has made solar energy conversion as
part of a mixture of renewable energy sources increasingly important. As a
result, the demand for efficient solar cells, which convert sunlight directly into
electricity, is growing faster than ever before. Photovoltaic (PV) cells are made
made almost entirely from semiconductor silicon that has been processed into
an extremely pure crystalline material which absorbs the photons from
sunlight.The photons hit the sillicon atoms releasing electrons causing an
electric current to flow when the photoconductive cell is connected to an
external load. For example, a battery.
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ [I-V Equation]
pg. 6
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN SOLAR CELL, SOLAR MODULE & SOLAR
ARRAY AND TERMINOLOGIES
TERMINOLOGIES
pg. 9
BYPASS AND BLOCING DIODE
Installed across individual solar cells or sections of a module, bypass diodes
allow current to bypass shaded or damaged cells. This prevents power loss due
to partial shading and minimizes the risk of hotspots, which could degrade the
module over time. Without these diodes, shaded cells could act as resistors,
reducing the module’s overall efficiency.
PARTIAL SHADING
Partial shading occurs when some solar cells in a photovoltaic (PV) module
receive less sunlight due to obstructions like trees, buildings, dirt, or debris.
This reduces power output, as shaded cells create resistance and act as loads
rather than generators. Bypass diodes help mitigate shading effects by
allowing current to flow around affected cells, preventing significant efficiency
losses.
pg. 10
INVERTER INFORMATION
NET METERING
pg. 11
GRID-CONNECTED SOLAR PV SYSTEM
pg. 12
DIFFERENCE IN STANDALONE AND GRID-CONNECTED SYSTEM
❌Cons:
Requires connection to a stable power grid.
Grid outages impact system operation unless backup power is available.
Net metering policies may vary, affecting financial savings.
No complete energy independence; partial reliance on utilities
pg. 13
STANDARD SPECIFICATIONS
pg. 14
POWER PLANT COMPONENT DESCRIPTION
pg. 15
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION
1. SOLAR PV PANELS
2. INVERTER
MAKE K- Solar
Model ____
Max. DC Power (W) 130000
Max. AC Power 100000
AC Voltage Range (V) 420-440
Efficiency (%) 99.9
Over voltage protection YES
Over current Protection YES
Protection IP65
Topology Transformer less
Standard warranty [years] 5-10
Weight (kg) 69.5
pg. 16
3. MCB AC & DC
Electric Data
Max DC Voltage _____
Max. Input Current 130000
Nominal Grid Voltage 100000
Nominal Insulation Voltage 420-440
Nominal Grid Frequency 99.9
Max AC Output Current YES
AC Protection YES
4. LIGHTING ARRESTER
Rating
Rated Voltage 12 KV
pg. 17
DAY GENERATION ACCORDING TO MOBILE APP
pg. 18
WHAT WE LEARN?
Generation process: - We entered in to the plant we shown that there
was Thirty unit for producing electricity and capacity of this plant is 25
MW. There were all units are working at that time. The information
about plant which have been we got below
CONCLUSION
From the visit we get the information of the Solar power plant and
working of its. We get the practical knowledge for our future. We also
get information about the instrument which comes in our study in
future.
THANK YOU !!
pg. 19