Question Bank

Academic year 2024-25

Sub : Data communication and networking (DCN)
2 Marks Questions
1)​ List IEEE 802.x standards for networks.
IEE 802.11
IEE 802.11a
IEE 802.11b
IEE 802.11g
IEE 802.11n
IEE 802.11p

2)​ Give any two advantages of Hamming code.

i.​ Hamming code is easy to understand and implement.
ii.​ It can efficiently detect and correct single-bit errors in data without the need for
retransmission.

3)​ State the functions of network layer.(Any 2)

i.​ Logical addressing
ii.​ Routing.
iii.​ Congestion control
iv.​ Accounting and billing
v.​ Address transformation
vi.​ Source host to destination host error free delivery of packet.
4)​ Define Subnet and Supernet.
Subnet : A subnet, or subnetwork, is a logical division of a larger IP network into smaller,
more manageable segments, each with its own unique IP address range, facilitating efficient
network traffic routing and management.
Supernet : A "supernet" (also known as a supernetwork) is an IP network formed by
combining multiple smaller networks (or subnets) into a larger network.
5)​ List classes of IP addressing with their IP address range.
Class A 0 to 127

Class B 128 to 191

Class C 192 to 223

Class D 224 to 239

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 Class E 240 to 255

6)​ Compare OSI and TCP models (Any 2 points).

OSI reference model TCP/IP

It has 7 layers It has 4 layers

Transport layer guarantees delivery of Transport layer does not guarantees delivery
packets

7)​ Name the protocol used in

i.​ Transport Layer
ii.​ Application Layer
Protocol used in Transport Layer : TCP( Transmission control protocol)
UDP (User Datagram Protocol)
Protocol used in Application layer : SMTP(Simple Mail Transfer Protocol),
FTP(File Transfer Protocol).
8)​ Define Topology. List any 2 types of topologies.
Topology : Topology is physical layout of computers, cables and other connected devices
on a network.
•​ Mesh Topology.
•​ Star Topology.
4 Marks Question
1) Describe Piconet and Scatternet architecture with neat diagram.
❖​ Bluetooth is short range wireless technology.
❖​ Range of Bluetooth is 10 meters.
❖​ Bluetooth Architecture defines 2 types of networks.

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 PICONET
❖​ It consists of 1 master node and 7 slave nodes.
❖​ Piconet have 8 active nodes (7+1) in the range of
10 meters.
❖​ There can be only 1 master station in each
piconet.
❖​ Communication is between master and slave.
❖​ Slave to slave communication is not possible.
❖​ Piconet can have 255 parked nodes, that cannot
take part in communication.
❖​ There will be 7 slaves in active state and 255
nodes in parked state.

SCATTERNET
❖​ It is formed by combining various piconets.
❖​ Slave in one piconet can act as master in other
piconet.
❖​ Such a node can receive message from the
master in the first piconet and deliver the
message in second piconet.
❖​ Station can be member of two piconets.
❖​ Station cannot be master of two piconet.

2) Calculate CRC for the frame 110101011 and the generator for polynomial = x4 + x + 1
and write the transmitted frame.
Solve it

3) Compare IPv4 with IPv6. (Any 4 Points)

IPv4 IPv6
1. Source and destination addresses are 32 1. Source and destination addresses are 128
bits (4 bytes) in length. bits(16 bytes) in length.
2.IP header include a checksum. 2.IP header does not include a checksum.
3.IPsec support is optional 3.IPsec support is required
4. IP address represented in decimal 4. IP address is represented in hexadecimal
number system number system

4)​ Draw & explain OSI reference model.

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 Application layer : To allow access to network resources
Presentation Layer ; To translate , encrypt, and compress data.
Session layer : To establish manage and terminate sessions.
Transport layer : To provide reliable process to process message delivery and error
recovery.
Network layer :To move the packets from source to destination to provide internetworking
Data Link layer : To organize pitching o frames to provide. Hope to hope delivery.
Physical layer : To transmit bits over a medium to provide mechanical and electrical
specifications.

5)​ Differentiate between Hub & switch on the basis of layer, ports, device type, speed.
Parameter HUB Switch

Layer A hub operates on the OSI Switch operates on the OSI data link
physical layer. layer.

Ports Hub have 4or 12 ports. Switch can have 24 to 48 ports.

Device Hub follows broadcast Switch follows three i.e., multicast,

Type transmission. unicast, and broadcast type
transmission.

Speed Hub is slower than switch Switches are faster and more efficient
than hubs.

5)​ Explain IP address Format.

The IPv4 header is comprised of 12 required fields and 1 optional field.​
The minimum length of the header is 160 bits (20 bytes).

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6)​ Compare 3G and 4G mobile generations based on Data, Speed, Technology, Standard
and Services.
Parameter 3G 4G

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 Data

Speed The maximum upload rate While the maximum upload

of 3G technology is 5 rate of 4G technology is 500
Mbps. Mbps.

Technology The technology used in 3G The technology used in 4G

is WCDMA (Wideband is LTE (Long-Term
Code Division Multiple Evolution), and WiMAX
Access), Digital Broadband (Worldwide Interoperability
Packet Data CDMA 2000, for Microwave Access).
UMTS, EDGE, etc.

Standard

Services

7)​ You are asked to established a small network with minimum cost at least eight
computers. Also it is necessary to use centralized database. Which type of network
topology you will use? Justify your answer.
Due to necessity of centralized data base, we have to use the Client-Server network. As the
network is small & low cost, we can use the bus topology. The bus topology has the
following advantages:
i)​ 1. Low cost
ii)​ 2. Easy control.
iii)​ 3. It is easy to set-up and extend bus network.
iv)​ Cable length required for this topology is the least compared to other networks.
v)​ Linear Bus network is mostly used in small networks. Good for LAN.

8)​ Draw a neat diagram and describe working of star topology.

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 ​ In star topology each device has a dedicated point-to-point link to the central
controller called “Hub/Switch”
​ The devices in star topology are not directly connected to one another.
​ Each computer on a star network first communicates with a central hub/switch
that forwards the message either to all computers or to the destination computer.
​ The transmission occurs only through the central “hub / switch “ .
​ When device one wants to send data to device 2 it first sends the data to hub.
which then relays the data to the other connected device.
Advantages:
​ Good option for modern networks.
​ Robustness.(if one link fails, only that links is affected. All other links remain
active)
​ Easy to fault identification & to remove parts.
​ Scalable: No disruptions to the network when connecting(or) removing devices.
Disadvantage ;
​ If the central Hub/ Switch fails the entire network goes down.
​ Requirement of additional equipment.
9)​ List and explain any 4 network connecting devices.
Switches: A switch is a hardware device that provides a central connection point for cables
from workstations, servers, and peripherals. Switch forwards data only to the port on which
the destination system is connected.
Repeaters: Since a signal loses strength as it passes along a cable, it is often necessary to
boost the signal with a device called a repeater. The repeater electrically amplifies the signal
it receives and rebroadcasts it.
Routers: Routers are network devices that route data around the network. By examining data
as it arrives, the router can determine the destination address for the data; then, by using
tables of defined routes, the router decides the best way for the data to reach destination. The
router can direct traffic to prevent crash.
Hub : In computer networking, a hub is a simple device that connects multiple devices (like
computers or other network devices) to a single network, acting as a central point for data
transmission where data received on one port is broadcasted to all other ports.
10)​Name the layers in which the following protocols belong to :
a.​ SMTP ii) TCP-UDP iii) IP iv) PPP

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 Protocols Name of layer

SMTP Application Layer

TCP-UDP Transport Layer

IP Network Layer

PPP Data link layer