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Mini Project PDF

The document outlines a mini project for 5th-year civil engineering students focused on designing a wastewater treatment plant, covering stages from screening to secondary clarifier. It details design parameters, expected outcomes for each treatment stage, and includes requirements for project deliverables such as a report and AutoCAD drawings. The project aims to evaluate the system's efficiency in reducing pollutants and its environmental impact, with a submission deadline of January 12, 2025.

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28 views3 pages

Mini Project PDF

The document outlines a mini project for 5th-year civil engineering students focused on designing a wastewater treatment plant, covering stages from screening to secondary clarifier. It details design parameters, expected outcomes for each treatment stage, and includes requirements for project deliverables such as a report and AutoCAD drawings. The project aims to evaluate the system's efficiency in reducing pollutants and its environmental impact, with a submission deadline of January 12, 2025.

Uploaded by

Mitiku
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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AAiT, Water Supply and Environmental Engineering

Waste Water Treatment Target: - 5th yrs. Civil Students (Extension)

Mini Project: Design and Analysis of a Wastewater Treatment Plant (20%)

Objective: To design a basic wastewater treatment system covering the stages from screening to
the secondary clarifier, and analyze its operational efficiency and environmental impact.

1. Introduction

• Overview: Brief explanation of the importance of wastewater treatment in protecting


water resources and public health.
• Purpose of the Project: Develop a simplified design of a treatment plant and evaluate its
effectiveness in reducing organic load and suspended solids.
• Scope: Focus on the stages from screening to secondary clarifier.

2. Process Description

2.1 Screening

• Design Parameters:
o Bar spacing: 15-50 mm for coarse screens.
o Flow velocity: 0.6-1.0 m/s to prevent clogging.
o Material: Stainless steel for durability.
• Expected Outcomes: Reduction of large debris by 80-90%.

2.2 Grit Removal

• Purpose: Eliminate heavy inorganic materials such as sand and gravel that could damage
pumps and reduce treatment efficiency.
• Design Parameters:
o Detention time: 2-5 minutes.
o Flow velocity: 0.2-0.3 m/s to allow grit to settle while keeping organic matter in
suspension.
o Hopper slope: 45° for easy removal.
• Expected Outcomes: Reduction of inorganic grit by 95%.

2.3 Primary Sedimentation

• Purpose: Remove settleable organic and inorganic solids as well as floating materials.
• Design Parameters:
o Detention time: 1.5-2.5 hours.
o Overflow rate: 30-50 m³/m²/day.
o Sludge removal frequency: Daily or as needed.
• Expected Outcomes: Removal of 50-70% of total suspended solids (TSS) and 25-40%
of biochemical oxygen demand (BOD).

Eyosias B. (PhD candidate)


AAiT, Water Supply and Environmental Engineering

Waste Water Treatment Target: - 5th yrs. Civil Students (Extension)

2.4 Biological Treatment (Activated Sludge Process)

• Purpose: Reduce organic matter and nitrogen content in wastewater through microbial
activity.
• Design Parameters:
o Aeration tank detention time: 6-8 hours.
o Dissolved oxygen level: 2-4 mg/L for optimal microbial activity.
o Food-to-microorganism (F/M) ratio: 0.2-0.5 kg BOD/kg MLSS/day.
• Aeration Methods: Diffused or mechanical aeration.
• Expected Outcomes: Reduction of BOD by 85-95% and ammonia by 50-75%.

2.5 Secondary Clarifier

• Purpose: Separate biological flocs (activated sludge) from treated water.


• Design Parameters:
o Detention time: 2-3 hours.
o Surface loading rate: 20-30 m³/m²/day.
o Sludge return rate: 25-50% of influent flow.
• Expected Outcomes: Reduction of TSS to below 30 mg/L and improved water clarity.

3. Process Flow Diagram

Include a simplified schematic showing the stages from screening to the secondary clarifier, with
flow rates and major equipment labeled.

4. Design Calculations

• Flow Rate: Assume a design flow of 10,000 m³/day.


• Sizing Calculations:
o Bar screen dimensions.
o Grit chamber dimensions.
o Primary clarifier and secondary clarifier surface areas.
o Aeration tank volume and air requirements.

5. Environmental and Operational Analysis

• Effluent Quality Standards: Compare expected outcomes with national or WHO


standards for effluent discharge.
• Sludge Management: Brief description of sludge handling and disposal.
• Energy Usage: Approximation of power consumption for aeration and pumping.

6. Conclusion and Recommendations

Eyosias B. (PhD candidate)


AAiT, Water Supply and Environmental Engineering

Waste Water Treatment Target: - 5th yrs. Civil Students (Extension)

• Summary of the expected efficiency of the designed treatment system.


• Recommendations for improving energy efficiency and reducing operational costs.
• Suggestions for further studies, such as tertiary treatment options or sludge reuse.

7. References

• Cite all standards, textbooks, and journal articles used for design and analysis.

Deliverables

1. Project Report:
o Detailed descriptions of each treatment stage.
o Design calculations and key operational parameters.
2. AutoCAD Drawings:
o Plan, elevation, and sectional views of individual treatment units.
o Overall layout of the treatment plant.

NB: Students are required to include AutoCAD drawings for each treatment unit and the overall
layout of the plant. Emphasis will be placed on the accuracy of dimensions, annotations, and
adherence to design standards.

Submission Date: 12, Jan,2025

Eyosias B. (PhD candidate)

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