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Word of IDEAS

The document discusses the interplay between global culture, media, and religion, emphasizing how media influences cultural globalization through various stages of development, from oral communication to digital media. It outlines the outcomes of globalization on culture, including cultural differentialism, convergence, hybridity, and glocalization, as well as the major world religions and their characteristics. Additionally, it highlights the tools that unite people globally on a religious basis.
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
5 views33 pages

Word of IDEAS

The document discusses the interplay between global culture, media, and religion, emphasizing how media influences cultural globalization through various stages of development, from oral communication to digital media. It outlines the outcomes of globalization on culture, including cultural differentialism, convergence, hybridity, and glocalization, as well as the major world religions and their characteristics. Additionally, it highlights the tools that unite people globally on a religious basis.
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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World of

IDEAS
Section 1: Global Culture & Media

Section 2: The Globalization of Religion

2
What is Culture?
Global media cultures
explores the
relationship between
the media, culture, and
globalization.
Culture
Culture refers to the unified style of human knowledge,
beliefs, and behavior from which people learn, and the
ability to communicate knowledge to the next generations.
o Its development has been mainly influenced by media.
MEDIA
The media have an important impact on cultural globalization
in two mutually interdependent ways:
• The media provide an extensive transnational transmission of
cultural products.
• They contribute to the formation of communicative networks
and social structures.
MEDIA’S FIVE STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT
ORAL COMMUNICATION
• o Language became the most important tool for exploring
the world and the different cultures.

• ORAL COMMUNICATION
• SCRIPT
• PRINTING PRESS
• ELECTRONIC MEDIA
• DIGITAL MEDIA
6
ORAL COMMUNICATION

• Oral communication led to markets,


trade, and cross continental trade
routes.
• Language and cultures are
intertwined.
• A particular language usually points
out to a specific group of people.

7
• For example, when you interact with another language, it means
you are also interacting with the culture or you are also
interacting with the culture that speaks the language. You
cannot understand one’s culture without assessing the
language directly.

• Language is learned which means it can be culturally transmitted.


We can say that the culture of humans is as different as the
8
world’s languages. So, they are likely to change overtime.
• In industrialized countries, the changes in the language are more
rapid.
• Modern techniques for fast communication transmission across the
globe through broadcasting and the presence of translation
services around the world. It helped make usable knowledge to be
accessible to people anywhere in the world.
• World benefits form the fast transference in availability and exchange
of social,
• political, technological, and scientific knowledge.
9
SCRIPT

• Script allowed humans to communicate


over a larger space and for a much longer
duration. It allowed the permanent
codification of economic, cultural, religious,
and political practice.

• Also in script, knowledge, beliefs, and


behaviors were written and made available
for transmission to the next generation, to
the other nations and cultures.
10
PRINTING PRESS

• Printing Press allowed the


continuous production, reproduction,
and circulation of print materials.

• This period of media development


affects globalization by transforming
various institution such as school,
markets, businesses, churches,
governments, and many others.
11
ELECTRONIC MEDIA

• Electronic media includes the telegraph,


telephone, radio, film, and television. o The
wide reach of these media continues to open
up new perspectives in the economic,
political, and cultural processes of globalization.

• The electronic age is the invention of the


transistor ushered in the electronic era.
People harness the power of transistor that
led to the transistor communication and it
12 became more efficient and effective.
DIGITAL MEDIA

• Digital media relies on digital codes. It


can be created, modified, and stored in
any digital electronic device.
• o Digitalized content is transmitted
over the internet and computer
networks. Digital media is also known
as new media. Consisting of contents
that are organized and distributed on
digital platforms. Platforms include
13
internet, social media, and computers.
What is MEDIA
• Media is a carrier of culture. It is a tool for the interaction of
people with different cultures.
• o The real media is the people.
• o Pieterse (2004) asserts that the only outcomes of the
influence of globalization on culture are cultural
differentialism, cultural convergence, and cultural hybridity.

14
The term media comes from
the word, “medium” which is
defined as channel, means, or
methods.

Media is the generic term for


all human invented technology
that extends the range, speed,
or channels of all
communication. Media can
also be tied to what we call
mass media or the media that
reach large audiences

15
OUTCOMES OF THE INFLUENCE OF
GLOBALIZATION ON CULTURE
Cultural Differentialism

o Cultural differentialism Example:


views cultural difference
as immutable. o As the The terrorist attacks during 9-
West and non-Western 11 attacks and the subsequent
civilizations interact or wars in Afghanistan and Iraq.
are brought in contact For many people, this event is
through globalization, seen as the product of a clash
clash of civilizations between western and Islamic
such as that of the West culture and the eternal
and Islam logically differences between them.
follows.
17
Cultural Convergence

Example: the K-pop culture.


o Cultural convergence suggests Other examples are the use
that globalization engenders a of technology participation in
growing sameness of cultures. global sports and the English
However, the culture of powerful language.
and progressive countries
Cultural convergence occurs
becomes culture. when multiple cultures become
more like one another through
exposure to their traditions,
ideals, and languages.
18
Cultural Hybridity
o It is the mixing and merging of
cultures resulting in the creation of
new cultural forms in language,
food, fashion, arts, music, among
others.

Example:

global restaurants like KFC

or McDonalds because they


modify their menus to suite
19
the taste of different cultures.
GLOCALIZATION
• The continuous accommodation and assimilation by local cultures of the
cultures of the world due to globalization.

• Glocalization is the combination of the words “globalization” and


“localization”. The term is used to describe a product or service that is
developed and distributed globally but is also adjusted to accommodate
the user and consumer in a local market.

• Example would be cars that are sold worldwide but adjusted to meet
local criteria such as emission standards, the side of steering wheels (left
or right).
Another is global fast-food chain offering geographically specific menu
20
items that cater to local taste.
THE GLOBALIZATION
OF RELIGION
RELIGION

• Religion is a collection of cultural systems, beliefs systems, and world


views that establishes symbols that relate humanity to spirituality and
to moral values.
• Religion is the foundation of modern republics.
• It is the belief in and worship of a superhuman controlling power,
especially a god or gods. It is also may be defined as cultural system or
designated behaviors or practices even morals, prophecies, ethics,
organizations that relates humanity to supernatural transcendental or
spiritual elements.

• TRIVIA: Malaysian government places religion at the center of their


political system
THE MOST KNOWN RELIGIONS ACROSS
THE WORLD

• The major religions of the world mentioned differ in many respects


including how each religion is organized and the belief system
each upholds. Other differences include the nature or belief in a
higher power, even in the history of how the world and the religion
began and the use of sacred text and objects.

23
CHRISTIANITY
• Largest religion in the world.

• It started 2000 years ago in Palestine with Jesus of


Nazareth, a charismatic leader who thought his followers
about caritas.
• The word caritas means charity or treating others as you
would like to be treated yourself.

24
ISLAM
• is monotheistic. Monotheistic means they believe only in single god.

It follows the teaching of Prophet Muhammed born in Mecca. Muhammed


is seen only as a Prophet not as a divine being and he is to believe the
messenger of Allah or their god who is divine.

Islam means peace and submission. So, the sacred text of Muslim or the
sacred book which is called “Quran”. As with Christianity’s old testament,
many of the Quran stories are shared with the Jewish faith and division
exists within Islam, but all Muslim are guided by their five beliefs or
practices which they sometimes called “pillars”.

25
ISLAM
• Pillars:

• o Allah is the only god and Muhammed is his prophet.


• o Daily prayer
• o Helping those in poverty.
• o Fasting as a spiritual practice.
• o Pilgrimage to the holy center of Mecca.

26
HINDUISM
• the oldest religion in the world.
• Hinduism originated in the Indus River Valley with roughly 1 billion
followers.
• Hinduism is the 3rd largest of the world’s religion.
• Hindus believe in divide power that can manifest different entities.
• Hindus also believe in karma and reincarnation.

27
BUDHISM
• was founded by Siddhartha Gautama.
• Siddhartha Gautama was said to have given up a comfortable upper-class
life to follow one of poverty and spiritual devotion.
• At the age of 35, he famously meditated under a sacred fig tree and
vowed not to rise before he achieved enlightenment called “Bodhi”. After
this experience, he became known as Buddha or the enlightened one.
• So, the followers are drawn to Buddha’s teaching and the practices of
meditation and he later established monastic order.
• According to Buddha’s teachings, he encourages his followers to lead a
moral life.
28
CONFUCIANISM
• was the official religion of China until it was officially abolished when
Communist leadership discourage religious practice in 1949.
• The religion was developed by Confucius. He is an extraordinary teacher, his
lessons which were about self-discipline, respect for authority, and
tradition and Jen.
• Jen is a kind treatment of ever person which were collected in a book
called the Analects. Some religious scholars consider Confucianism more
of a social system than a religion because Confucianism focuses on
sharing wisdom about moral practices but does not involve any type of
specific worship nor does it have formal objects.

29
TAOISM
• the purpose of life is inner peace and harmony.
• “Tao” is usually translated as way or path. The founder of the religion is
generally recognized to be a man named Lao Tzu.
• Their beliefs emphasize the virtue of compassion and moderation. The
concept of Ying yang symbol came from Taoism and the concept of polar
forces or central Taoist ideas.
• Some scholars have compared these Chinese traditions to its Confucian
counterpart by saying that Confucianism is concerned with day-to-day rules
of conduct while Taoism is concerned with a more spiritual level of
being.
30
JUDAISM
• after their exodus from Egypt in 13th century, Jews or a nomadic society
became monotheistic or worshiping only one god.
• The Jews covenant or promise of special relationship with Yahweh or
their god is an important element of Judaism.
• Their sacred text is called “torah” which Christians also follow as the first
five books of the bible.
• The collection of a sacred Jewish or oral interpretation of the Torah is
called the Talmud.
• Jews emphasizes moral behavior and action as opposed to beliefs or
personal salvation in the next world.
31
TOOLS OF UNITING PEOPLE ALL OVER THE
WORLD ON RELIGIOUS BASIS
• 1. Books
• 2. Movies
• 3. Cell phone apps
• 4. Social networks
• 5. Charity funds
• 6. Special internet sites
• 7. Religious schools
32
PECIT
GENERAL EDUCATION
GE 7
CONTEMPORARY WORLD

Thank Ark….

you

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