6 IIT/JEE

Years
126 Sets
MAIN
MATHEMATICS
Chapterwise, Topicwise Typewise & Sub Type
Solved Papers
Revision Notes & Formulas
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 INDEX
Fundamental of mathematics ........................................................................................... 9-13
Type I: Greatest Integer function and G.C.D ................................................................................................. 10
Type II: Fractional part of a number ............................................................................................................... 11
Type III: Divisibility and remainder theorem ................................................................................................. 11
Set, relation and function ............................................................................................... 14-62
Type I: Set, Operation on set and Venn diagram ............................................................................................ 14
Type II: Cartesian product of sets ................................................................................................................... 18
Type III: Types of relation and its counting ................................................................................................... 19
Type IV: Properties of function and its graph................................................................................................ 28
Type V: Types of functions and number of functions .................................................................................... 39
Type VI: Domain, co-domain and range of function ...................................................................................... 48
Quadratic Equation ......................................................................................................... 63-75
Type I: Formation of quadratic equation with given roots.............................................................................. 63
Type II: Nature of roots and relation between roots and coefficients ............................................................. 65
Type III: Conditions for common roots .......................................................................................................... 70
Type IV: Location of roots ............................................................................................................................. 71
Type V: Solution of quadratic and higher degree equation ............................................................................ 72
Complex Numbers ......................................................................................................... 76-125
Type I: Algebra of complex number ............................................................................................................... 76
Type II: Conjugate, modulus and argument.................................................................................................... 86
Type III: Euler form and De Moivre’s Theorem .......................................................................................... 104
Type IV: Power of iota ................................................................................................................................. 106
Type V: Geometry of complex number ........................................................................................................ 108
Type VI: Cube root and nth root of unity ...................................................................................................... 124
Sequence and Series..................................................................................................... 126-182
Type I: Arithmetic progression and it’s properties ....................................................................................... 126
Type II: Sum of n-terms of an A.P. .............................................................................................................. 138
Type III: Geometric progression and its properties ...................................................................................... 144
Type IV: Sum of finite and infinite terms of G.P. ........................................................................................ 150
Type V: Relations between means of AP, G.P. and H.P. ............................................................................. 156
Type VI: Summation of Series ..................................................................................................................... 159
Type VII: Miscellaneous Question ............................................................................................................... 173
Matrix and determinant ............................................................................................. 183-265
Type I:Elementary properties of Matrices and Determinant ......................................................................... 188
Type II: Adjoint and its properties ................................................................................................................ 210
Type III: Inverse of a matrix ......................................................................................................................... 220
Type IV: Characteristic equation and Eigen values ...................................................................................... 225
Type V: Symmetric and skew symmetric matrices....................................................................................... 227
Type VI: Solution of system of equation with the help of matrix................................................................. 230
Type VII: Miscellaneous .............................................................................................................................. 256
Permutation and Combination ................................................................................... 266-293
Type I: Elementary properties of nPr and nCr................................................................................................. 266
Type II: Permutation as an arrangement and combination as a selection ..................................................... 272
Type III: Distribution of identical objects..................................................................................................... 284
Type IV: Distribution of distinct objects ...................................................................................................... 285
Type V: Miscellaneous ................................................................................................................................. 287
Binomial theorem......................................................................................................... 294-324
Type I: Binomial theorem for a positive integral index ................................................................................ 294
Type II: Coefficient of terms and sum of coefficient in Binomial Expansion .............................................. 302
Type III: General Terms and middle terms ................................................................................................... 314
Type IV: Miscellaneous ................................................................................................................................ 320

2
Statistic and Probability .............................................................................................. 325-381
Type I : Calculation of mean, Median, Mode grouped and ungrouped data calculation of standard deviation,
variance and Mean deviation for grouped of ungrouped data...................................................................... 326
Type II : Probability of an event (Multiplication and Addition) ................................................................... 352
Type III : Conditional probability and Property of probability ..................................................................... 358
Type IV : Probability Distribution of Random Variate ................................................................................ 359
Type V : Miscellaneous Problem of Probability ........................................................................................... 365
Type VI : Bernoulli Trials and Binomial Distribution .................................................................................. 368
Type VII : Dependent, Independent Events and Baye’s theorem ................................................................. 374
Limit, Continuity and Differentiability ..................................................................... 382-441
Type I : Real value functions, algebra of functions Polynomial, rational, Trigonometric and exponential
functions, Inverse functions.......................................................................................................................... 385
Type II : Continuity and Differentiability .................................................................................................... 407
Type III : Rolls theorem and Lagrange’s Mean value theorem .................................................................... 421
Method of Differentiation ........................................................................................... 442-446
Type I : Differentiation of sum, Difference, Product and quotient of two functions. .................................. 442
Type II : Differentiation of Trigonometric, Inverse Trigonometric, Logarithmic, Exponential Composite and
Implicit Functions, Derivative of order upto two......................................................................................... 444
Application of derivatives ........................................................................................... 447-478
Type I : Maxima and Minima of functions, Increasing/Decreasing Functions of one variable .................... 448
Type II : Tangent/Normal ............................................................................................................................. 466
Type III : Rate of change .............................................................................................................................. 475
Indefinite Integration .................................................................................................. 479-493
Type I : Integration and Integration of Functions ......................................................................................... 480
Type II : Fundamental Integrals involving algebraic, Trignometric, exponential and Logarithmic
Functions ...................................................................................................................................................... 484
Type III : Miscellaneous ............................................................................................................................... 487
Application of integral................................................................................................. 494-530
Type I : Area of curve along axis and line ................................................................................................... 495
Type II : Area bounded by two curve ........................................................................................................... 507
Type III : Area bounded by miscellaneous curve ......................................................................................... 517
Definite Integration ..................................................................................................... 531-580
Type I : Theorem of Definite Integrates and its Properties ........................................................................... 531
Type II : Evaluation of Definite Integrals ..................................................................................................... 547
Type III : Leibnitz’s Rule and Reduction formula ........................................................................................ 564
Type IV : Miscellaneous ............................................................................................................................... 568
Differential Equations ................................................................................................. 581-637
Type I : Order and Degree ............................................................................................................................ 583
Type II : Variable Separable form ................................................................................................................ 584
Type III : Homogeneous Differential equation ............................................................................................. 595
Type IV : Linear Differential equation ........................................................................................................ 601
Type V : Application of Differential equation ............................................................................................. 628
Type VI : Exact Form ................................................................................................................................... 637
Coordinate Geometry .................................................................................................. 638-656
Type I : Distance and section formula .......................................................................................................... 639
Type II : Co-ordinates of centroid, circumcenter, orthcentre incentre, ......................................................... 640
Type III : Miscellaneous ................................................................................................................................ 650
Straight line .................................................................................................................. 657-670
Type I : Slope of line and points of line........................................................................................................ 657
Type II : Equation of line in different form and pair of straight lines ........................................................... 659
Type III : Angle between two lines and Image of point ............................................................................... 665
Type IV : Distance of a point from a line ..................................................................................................... 669
3
Circle ............................................................................................................................. 671-702
Type I : General equation of 2n degree curve ............................................................................................... 671
Type II : Equation of circle & its intercept ................................................................................................... 672
Type III: Position of point & line and circle ................................................................................................ 679
Type IV: Tangent to circle, chord, common tangent, common chord .......................................................... 681
Type V: Intersection of circles, locus ........................................................................................................... 693
Type VI: Mixed Question of circle and parabola.......................................................................................... 697
Parabola ........................................................................................................................ 703-721
Type I : Standard equation of Parabola......................................................................................................... 703
Type II: Chord of Parabola .......................................................................................................................... 708
Type III: Locus ............................................................................................................................................. 711
Type IV: Properties of Tangent .................................................................................................................... 712
Ellipse ............................................................................................................................ 722-739
Type I Equation of Ellipse ............................................................................................................................ 722
Type II: Position of point, line and ellipse .................................................................................................... 728
Type III: Chord of contact, Chord with given middle point, properties of tangent & locus ......................... 730
Type IV: Mixed Questions of ellipse and circle ........................................................................................... 737
Hyperbola ..................................................................................................................... 740-758
Type I : Equation of Hyperbola .................................................................................................................... 740
Type II : Locus.............................................................................................................................................. 750
Type III : Rectangular Hyperbola ................................................................................................................. 751
Type IV : Mixed Questions of Ellipse and Hyperbola .................................................................................. 756
Three dimensional Geometry ..................................................................................... 759-820
Type I : Direction Cosines and Direction ratio ............................................................................................ 761
Type II : Line in space .................................................................................................................................. 766
Type III : Shortest Distance and section formula ......................................................................................... 802
Type IV : Angle Between two plane and line ............................................................................................... 818
Solution of triangle ...................................................................................................... 821-828
Type I: sine, cosine, projection formula ....................................................................................................... 822
Type II: Area of triangle, m-n rule................................................................................................................ 824
Type III: Radius of circumcircle, incircle, excircle ....................................................................................... 826
Vector Algebra ............................................................................................................. 829-873
Type I : Algebra of Vector ............................................................................................................................ 830
Type II : Product of two vector ..................................................................................................................... 835
Type III : Scalar and vector triple products .................................................................................................. 848
Type IV : Angle between two vector ............................................................................................................ 858
Type V : Projection of vector a on b ............................................................................................................. 869
Trigonometry and Inverse trigonometric function ................................................. 874-928
Type I: Trigonometric ratios and their identities ......................................................................................... 877
Type II: Trigonometric function ................................................................................................................... 885
Type III: Trigonometric equation ................................................................................................................. 893
Type IV: Inverse trigonometric function and their property ......................................................................... 904
Type V: Height and distance ........................................................................................................................ 917
Linear Inequalities and Linear Programming .......................................................... 929-930
Type I: Linear inequality .............................................................................................................................. 929
Type II: Number of solution ......................................................................................................................... 930
Mathematical Induction and mathematical Reasoning .......................................... 931-944
Type I: Remainder and Quotient theorem..................................................................................................... 931
Type II: Comparison with contradiction and contrapositive ......................................................................... 933
Type III: Truth table ..................................................................................................................................... 936
Type IV: Logic symbols and connective ...................................................................................................... 940
4
 CHAPTER WISE ANALYSIS CHART
S.N. CHAPTER NAME 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024
1. Fundamental of mathematics 1 03 03 11 00
2. Set, relation and function 9 11 19 18 78 46
3. Quadratic Equation 00 2 00 2 20 19
4. Complex Numbers 26 26 22 20 43 18
5. Sequence and Series 25 26 25 26 61 37
6. Matrix and determinant 26 28 45 42 84 39
7. Permutation and combination 11 14 21 12 65 23
8. Binomial theorem 11 10 14 10 43 14
9. Statistic and probability 16 21 32 27 55 34
10. Limit, Continuity and Differentiability 22 20 38 30 37 38
11. Method of Differentiation 0 0 0 0 4 4
12. Application of derivatives 11 10 12 27 23 14
13. Indefinite Integration 13 40 4 5 14 8
14 Application of integral 10 14 19 19 42 22
15. Definite Integration 12 11 27 17 40 26
16. Differential Equations 9 9 25 23 40 33
17. Coordinate Geometry 0 0 0 10 8 16
18. Straight line 3 4 5 3 8 9
19. Circle 20 8 23 13 25 21
20. Parabola 5 3 13 4 19 10
21. Ellipse 3 4 3 9 17 8
22. Hyperbola 10 6 8 9 9 11
23. Three dimensional Geometry 0 0 0 31 108 27
24. Solution of triangle 2 4 1 6 5
25. Vector Algebra 11 10 27 10 50 35
26. Trigonometry and Inverse 22 11 40 28 35 22
trigonometric function
27. Linear Inequalities and Linear 0 0 0 5
Programming
28. Mathematical Induction and 12 11 11 16 39 3
mathematical Reasoning

5
 IIT JEE Mains Years wise Trend Analysis Chart
Years No. of Papers No of Questions
2019 (January) 8 8 × 30 = 240
2019 (April) 8 8 × 30 = 240
2020 (January) 6 6 × 30 = 180
2020 (September) 10 10 × 30 = 300
2021 (February) 6 6 × 30 = 180
2021 (March) 6 6 × 30 = 180
2021 (July) 8 8 × 30 = 240
2021 (August) 8 8 × 30 = 240
2022 (June) 12 12 × 30 = 360
2022 (July) 10 10 × 30 = 300
2023 (January) 12 12 × 30 = 360
2023 (April) 12 12 × 30 = 360
2024 (January) 10 10 × 30 = 300
2024 (April) 10 10 × 30 = 300
Total 126 3780

Syllabus
UNIT 1: SETS, RELATIONS, AND FUNCTIONS:
Sets and their representation: Union, intersection, and complement of sets and their algebraic
properties; Power set; Relation, Type of relations, equivalence relations, functions; one-one, into
and onto functions, the composition of functions
UNIT 2: COMPLEX NUMBERS AND QUADRATIC EQUATIONS:
Complex numbers as ordered pairs of reals, Representation of complex numbers in the form a + ib
and their representation in a plane, Argand diagram, algebra of complex number, modulus, and
argument (or amplitude) of a complex number, Quadratic equations in real and complex number
system and their solutions Relations between roots and co-efficient, nature of roots, the formation
of quadratic equations with given roots.
UNIT3: MATRICES AND DETERMINANTS:
Matrices, algebra of matrices, type of matrices, determinants, and matrices of order two and three,
evaluation of determinants, area of triangles using determinants, Adjoint, and evaluation of inverse
of a square matrix using determinants and, Test of consistency and solution of simultaneous linear
equations in two or three variables using matrices.
UNIT 4: PERMUTATIONS AND COMBINATIONS:
The fundamental principle of counting, permutation as an arrangement and combination as
selection, Meaning of P (n,r) and C (n,r), simple applications.
UNIT 5: BINOMIAL THEOREM AND ITS SIMPLE APPLICATIONS:
Binomial theorem for a positive integral index, general term and middle term, and simple
applications.
UNIT 6: SEQUENCE AND SERIES:
Arithmetic and Geometric progressions, insertion of arithmetic, geometric means between two
given numbers, Relation between A.M and G.M.
UNIT 7: LIMIT, CONTINUITY, AND DIFFERENTIABILITY:
Real–valued functions, algebra of functions, polynomials, rational, trigonometric, logarithmic, and
exponential functions, inverse function. Graphs of simple functions. Limits, continuity, and
differentiability. Differentiation of the sum, difference, product, and quotient of two functions.
Differentiation of trigonometric, inverse trigonometric, logarithmic, exponential, composite, and
6
implicit functions; derivatives of order up to two, Applications of derivatives: Rate of change of
quantities, monotonic-Increasing and decreasing functions, Maxima and minima of functions of one
variable.
UNIT 8: INTEGRAL CALCULAS:
Integral as an anti-derivative, Fundamental integral involving algebraic, trigonometric, exponential,
and logarithmic functions. Integrations by substitution, by parts, and by partial functions.
Integration using trigonometric identities.
Evaluation of simple integrals of the type
dx dx dx dx dx dx ( px + q ) dx ,
∫x 2
+ a2
, ∫ x ±a2 2
, ∫a 2
− x2
, ∫ a −x
2 2
, ∫ ax 2
− bx + c
, ∫ ax − bx + c
2
, ∫ ax 2
+ bx + c
( px + q ) dx a 2 ± x 2 dx ,
∫ ax 2 + bx + c
, ∫ ∫ x 2 − a 2 dx

The fundamental theorem of calculus, properties of definite integrals. Evaluation of definite

integrals, determining areas of the regions bounded by simple curves in standard form.
UNIT 9: DIFFRENTIAL EQUATIONS
Ordinary differential equations, their order, and degree, the solution of differential equation by the
method of separation of variables, solution of a homogeneous and linear differential equation of the
type
dy
+ p(x) y = q(x)
dx
UNIT 10: CO-ORDINATE GEOMETRY
Cartesian system of rectangular coordinates in a plane, distance formula, sections formula, locus,
and its equation, the slope of a line, parallel and perpendicular lines, intercepts of a line on the co-
ordinate axis.
Straight line
Various forms of equations of a line, intersection of lines, angles between two lines, conditions for
concurrence of three lines, the distance of a point form a line, co-ordinate of the centroid,
orthocentre, and circumcentre of a triangle,
Circle, conic sections
A standard form of equations of a circle, the general form of the equation of a circle, its radius and
central, equation of a circle when the endpoints of a diameter are given, points of intersection of a
line and a circle with the centre at the origin and sections of conics, equations of conic sections
(parabola, ellipse, and hyperbola) in standard forms,
UNIT 11: THREE DIMENSIONAL GEOMETRY
Coordinates of a point in space, the distance between two points, section formula, directions ratios,
and direction cosines, and the angle between two intersecting lines. Skew lines, the shortest
distance between them, and its equation. Equations of a line
UNIT 12: VECTOR ALGEBRA
Vectors and scalars, the addition of vectors, components of a vector in two dimensions and three-
dimensional space, scalar and vector products,
UNIT 13: STATISTICS AND PROBABILITY
Measures of discretion; calculation of mean, median, mode of grouped and ungrouped data
calculation of standard deviation, variance, and mean deviation for grouped and ungrouped data.
Probability: Probability of an event, addition and multiplication theorems of probability, Baye's
theorem, probability distribution of a random variate,
UNIT 14: TRIGONOMETRY
Trigonometrical identities and trigonometrical functions, inverse trigonometrical functions, and
their properties.

7
Trend Analysis of IIT Math Questions through Pie
Chart and Bar Graph

8
01.
Fundamental of Mathematics
Formula Case II. 0 < a < 1
Intervals: Here, f(x) = ax decrease with the increase in x, i.e.,
f(x) is decreasing function on R.
Intervals are basically subsets of R and are
commonly used in solving inequalities or in finding
domains. If there are two numbers a, b ∈ R such that
a < b, we can define four types of intervals as
follows:
Symbols Used
Open interval : (a, b) = {x : a < x < b} i.e. end points
are not included. ( ) or ] [ "In general, exponential function increases or
Closed interval : [a, b] = {x : a ≤ x ≤ b} i.e. end decreases as (a > 1) or (0 < a < 1) respectively".
points are also included. [ ] Logarithmic Function
This is possible only when both a and b are finite. The function f(x) = loga x; (x, a > 0) and a ≠ 1 is a
Open - closed interval : (a, b] = {x : a < x ≤ b} logarithmic function.
( ] or ] ] Thus, the domain of logarithmic function is all real
(iv) Closed - open interval : [a, b) = x : a ≤ x < b} positive numbers and their range is the set R of all
[ ) or [ [ real numbers.
The infinite intervals are defined as follows: We have seen that y = ax is strictly increasing when
(a, ∞) = {x : x > a} a > 1 and strictly decreasing when 0 < a < 1.
[a, ∞) = {x : x ≥ a} Thus, the function is invertible. The inverse of this
function is denoted by loga x, we write
(– ∞, b) = {x : x < b}
y = ax ⇒ x = logay;
[∞, b) = {x : x ≤ b}
where x∈R and y∈(0, ∞) writing y = loga x in place
(– ∞, ∞) = {x : x ∈ R} of x = loga y, we have the graph of y = loga x.
Modulus Function

 x, x ≥ 0
y= x =
 –x, x < 0

"It is the numerical value of x".

"It is symmetric about y-axis" where domain ∈R
and range ∈ [0, ∞]. Thus, logarithmic function is also known as inverse
Properties of Modulus: of exponential function.
For any a, b ∈ R Properties of logarithmic function
|a| ≥ 0 |a| = |–a|, loge(ab) = loge a + loge b {a, b > 0}
|a| ≥ a |a| ≥ –a a
log e   = log e a − log e b {a, b > 0}
b
a a
|ab| = |a| |b| = loge am = m loge a {a > 0 and m ∈ R}
b b loga a = 1 {a > 0 and a ≠ 1}
| a + b| ≤ |a| + |b| |a – b| ≥ ||a| – |b|| 1
Exponential Function log b m a = log b a {a, b > 0, b ≠ 1 and m}
m
Here, f(x) = ax, a > 0, a ≠ 1, and x ∈ R, where 1
domain ∈ R, Range ∈ (0, ∞). log b a = {a, b>0 and a, b ≠ 1}
log a b
Case I. a > 1
Here, f(x) = y = ax increase with the increase in x, log m a {a, b > 0 ≠ {1} and m > 0}
log b a =
i.e., f(x) is increasing function on R. log m b
a loga m = m {a, m > 0 and a ≠ 1}
a logc b = blogc a {a, b, c > 0 and c ≠ 1}
If logm x > logm y ⇒  x > y, if m > 1 {m, x, y, > 0
 x < y, if 0 < m < 1
and m ≠ 1}
9 YCT
Signum function; y = Sgn(x) Type I: Greatest Integer function and G.C.D
It is defined by; 1. The remainder, when 19200 + 23200 is divided by
x x +1, if x > 0 49, is ________.
 or ; x≠0 
y = Sgn(x) =  x x =  −1, if x < 0 JEE Mains 01/02/2023 Shift-I
 0;
 x = 0  0, if x = 0 Ans. (29) : (19)200 + (23)200 ÷ 49
= (23)200 + (19)200
= (21+2)200 + (21–2)200
if n is even then expression
(x +y)n + (x – y)n
= 2  n C 0 x n y 0 + n C 2 x n − 2 y 2 + .... + n C n x 0 y n 
Here, Domain of f(x) ∈R. and (21+2)200 + (21–2)200=
Range of f(x) ∈ {–1, 0, 1}.
 200 C0 21200 20 + 200 C 2 21199 22 + .... + 200 C 200 210 2 200 
Greatest integer function
[x] indicates the integral part of x which is nearest and = m(49) + 2 ×1×2200
smaller integer to x. It is also known as floor of x. ⇒ 2(2)200 = (2)201
Thus, [2.3] = 2, [0.23] = 0, [2] = 2, [–8.0725] = –9, (23)67 = (7+1)63
…. In general;
n ≤ x < n + 1 (n ∈ Integer) ⇒ [x] = n. =  67 C0 7 6710 + 67 C 2 7 6512 + .... + 67 C67 7 0167 
Here, f(x) = [x] could be expressed graphically as; = m(49) + (67 × 7) +1
67 × 7 + 1
=
49
469 + 1
x [x] =
49
0 ≤ x <1 0
470 490 – 20
1≤ x < 2 1 = =
49 49
2≤x <3 2
490 20
= −
Domain of function- f(x) ∈ (–∞, ∞). 49 49
Range of function f(x) ∈ I. Remainder = 49 – 20
Properties of greatest integer function = 29
[x] = x holds, if x is integer. 2. The remainder, when 7103 is divided by 17, is
[x + I] = [x] + I, if I is integer. ____.
[x + y] ≥ [x] + [y]. JEE Mains 13/04/2023 Shift-II
103 102
If [φ (x)] ≥ I, then φ (x) ≥ I. Ans. (12) : 7 = 7.7
If [φ (x)] ≤ I, then φ (x) < I + 1. = 7 (72)51
[–x] = –[x], if x ∈ integer. = 7 (51–2)51 → remainder =7 (–2)51
[–x] = –[x] –1, if x ∉ integer. ( )
−7 23 (16 ) = −56 (17 − 1) → Remainder = −56 ( −1)
12 12 12

"It is also known as stepwise function/floor of x."

Remainder = –56 + 17 k
Fractional part of function
Here, {.} denotes the fractional part of x. Thus, in y = – 56 +68
= {x} = 12
x = [x] + {x} = I + f ; where I = [x] and f = {x} 3. If gcd (m, n) = 1 and
∴ y = {x} = x –[x], where 0 ≤ {x} < I ; shown as: 12 – 22 + 32 – 42 + …. + (2021)2 – (2022)2 +
x {x} (2023)2 = 1012 m2n then m2 – n2 is equal to:
0 ≤ x <1 x (a) 180 (b) 220
1≤ x < 2 x −1
(c) 200 (d) 240
JEE Mains 06/04/2023 Shift-II
2≤ x <3 x−2
−1 ≤ x < 0 x + 1 Ans. (d) : Given,
−2 ≤ x < −1 x + 2
12 – 22 + 32 – 42 + …. + (2021)2 – (2022)2 + (2023)2 =
1012 m2n
Properties of fractional part of x = (1 – 2) (1 + 2) + (3 – 4) (3 + 4) + …..+ (2021 – 2022)
{x} = x ; if 0 ≤ x <1 (2021 + 2022) + (2023)2 = (1012) m2n
{x} = 0 ; if x∈ integer. ⇒ (–1) [1 + 2 + 3 + 4 +….+ 2022] + (2023)2 = (1012)
{–x} = 1 –{x} ; if x ∈ integer. m2n
10 YCT
 2023 ( 2024 ) Type III: Divisibility and remainder theorem
⇒ 1012m 2 n = = 2023 × 1012 7. Among the statements:
2
1012m2n = 2023×1012 (S1) : 20232022 – 19992022 is divisible by 8
(S2) : 13(13)n – 11n – 13 is divisible by 144 for
⇒ m2n = 2023
infinitely many n ∈ ℕ
⇒ m2n = (17)2 × 7
(a) only (S2) is correct
∴ m = 17, n = 7
(b) only (S1) is correct
Hence, m2 – n2 = (17)2 – 72 = 289 – 49 = 240
(c) both (S1) and (S2) are incorrect
4. The largest natural number n such that 3n (d) both (S1) and (S2) are correct
divides 66! is ____.
JEE Mains 06/04/2023 Shift-II
JEE Mains 08/04/2023 Shift-I
Ans. (d) :
Ans. (31) :
∵ xn – yn = (x – y) [xn–1 + xn–2 y + xn–3y2 + …. + yn–1]
 66   66   66  xn – yn is divisible by x – y
 3  +  9  +  27 
Stat 1 → (2023)2022 – (1999)2022
22 + 7 + 2 = 31 (2023) – (1999) = 24.k
∴ (2023)2022 – (1999)2022
Type II: Fractional Part of a Number
is divisible by 8
42022 Stat 2 →
5. Fractional part of the number is equal to
15  1 12n

(a)
4 8
(b) ( n
) 
13 × (1 + 12 ) = 13 C0 (1) (12 ) + C1 (1) (12 ) + ......

n n 0 n n −1 1

15 15 
1 14
Cn (12 )  − 12n − 13
n
(c) (d) n
15 15 
JEE Mains 13/04/2023 Shift-I
= 13 (12n ) − 12n + 13  n C2 (12 ) + ......n Cn (12 ) 
2 n

Ans. (c) : Sol.  

= 156n − 12n + 13  n C2 (12 ) + ......n Cn (12 ) 
2 n
 42022   24044   (1 + 15)  1
1011

 = = =  
 15   15   15  15 = 144n – 144m
 n × ( n − 1) 2  If (n = 144m, m∈N) then it is divisible by 144 for
∵ (1 + x ) =1 + nx +
n
x + ....... infinite values of n.
 2!  8. 25190 – 19190 – 8190 + 2190 is divisible by
2 403 (a) 34 but not by 14
6. If the fractional part of the number is (b) 14 but not by 34
15
(c) Both 14 and 34
k (d) Neither 14 not 34
then k is equal to
15 JEE Mains 08/04/2023 Shift-II
(a) 14 (b) 6 Ans. (a) : Sol.
(c) 4 (d) 8 xn – yn = (x – y) (xn–1 + xn–2 y + xn–3 y2 + … + yn–1)
JEE Main 09.01.2019, Shift-I (25190 – 19190) – (8190 – 2190)
2 403
2400 (25–19) k1 – (8–2)k2
Ans. (d) : Given, = 23 × 6k1 – 6k2
15 15
100
6(k1 – k2)
16 8
= (1 + 15 )
100
= 8× div by 2 & 3 both
15 15 (25190 – 8190) – (19190 – 2190)
Now, using binomial theorem,
(25 – 8) a – (19 – 2)b
8
(1 + 15n ) 17a – 17b = 17(a – b) div by 17
15
(25190 + 2190) – (19190 + 8190)
8 8
+ × 15n
15 15
[n∈N] ( (252 )95 + (22 )95 ) – ( (19)2 )95 – (82 )95 )
8 (628 + 4) (x) – (361 + 64) (y)
+ 8n
15 629 x – 425 y
Therefore comparing fractional part, we get – 629 x – 425 y
8
=
k If div by 2 & 17 both ⇒ div by 34
15 15 If div by 2 but not div by 7
k =8 So, div by 34 but not by 14
11 YCT
9. Let the number (22)2022 + (2022)22 leave the Ans. (710) : Lower four digit number
remainder α when divided by 3 and β when = 1000
divided by 7. Then (α α2 + β 2) is equal to Higher four digit number = 2799
(a) 13 (b) 20 Which is divisible by = 3
(c) 10 (d) 5 Tn = a + (n – 1) d
JEE Mains 10/04/2023 Shift-II 2799 = 1002 + (n – 1) 3
Ans. (d) : Given, (n – 1) 3 = 1797
(22)2022 + (2022)22 3n – 3 = 1797
Divided by 3 3n = 1800
(21 + 1)2022 + (2022)22 n = 600
= 3k + 1 Divisible by 11,
(α = 1)  2799 
1 to 2799 →  = 254
Divided by 7  11 
(21 + 1)2022 + (2023 – 1)22  999 
1 to 999 →  = 90
7k + 1 + 1 (β = 2)  11 
7k + 2
So, the numbers = 254 – 90 = 164
So α2 + β 2 ⇒ 5 Divisible by 33
10. The total number of four digit numbers such 1 to 2799 = 84
that each of the first three digits is divisible by 1 to 999 = 30
the last digit, is equal to_____. 1000 to 2799 = 54
JEE Main-29.06.2022, Shift-II ∴ n (3) + n (11) – n (33)
Ans. (1086) : : Let a, b, c, d is four digit number so the = 600 + 164 – 54 = 710
first three digits a, b, c divisible by d. 13. Let the number (22)2022 + (2022)22 leave the
If the d = 1, 2, 3, 4 remainder α when divided by 3 and β when
No. of such numbers divided by 7. Then (α α2 + β 2) is equal to
d=1 9 × 10 × 10 = 900 (a) 10 (b) 5
d=2 4 × 5 × 5 = 100 (c) 20 (d) 13
d =3 3 × 4 × 4 = 48 JEE Main-10.04.2023, Shift-II
d=4 2 × 3 × 3 = 18 Ans. (b) : (22)2022 + (2022)22
d=5 1×2×2=4 For α
d=6 4 × 4 = 16 Divided by 3
So, total 4 digit numbers = 900 + 100 + 48 + 18 + 4 + 16 (21 + 1)2022 + (2022)22 = 3k + 1
= 1086 α=1
11. The number of 3 digit numbers, that are divisible And for β divided by 7
(21 + 1)2022 + (2023 – 1)22 = 7k + 1 + 1 = 7k + 2
by either 3 or 4 but not divisible by 48, is
β=2
(a) 400 (b) 472
Hence, α = 1 and β = 2
(c) 432 (d) 507 Therefore, α2 + β 2 = 12 + 22 = 1 + 4 = 5
JEE Main-29.01.2023, Shift-II
14. A natural number has prime factorisation
Ans. (c) : Total number of three digit = 900 given by n = 2x 3y 5z where y and z are such that
 900  5
Divisible by 3 = 300 ∵ = 300  y + z = 5 and y–1 + z–1 = , y > z. Then, the
 3  6
No. divisible by 12 = 75 number of odd divisors of n, including 1, is
900 (a) 11 (b) 6
No. divisible by 4 = = 225 (c) 6x (d) 12
4
JEE Main 26.02.2021, Shift,- I
Number divisible by either 3 or 4
Ans. (d) : Given,
= 300 + 225 – 75 = 450 n = 2x 3y 5z
We have to remove divisible by 48 = 18 y+z=5
Required number of numbers = 450 – 18 = 432 1 1 5
12. Number of 4-digit numbers that are less than + =
y z 6
or equal to 2800 and either divisible by 3 or by
z+y 5
11, is equal to : ⇒ =
JEE Main-31.01.2023, Shift-I yz 6
12 YCT
 5 5 Ans. (c): Given, (2021)2023
⇒ = = (7 × 288 + 5)2023
yz 6
Here, 7 × 288 goes to 0 because 288 is a multiple of 7.
⇒ yz = 6 So, 52023
∵ ( y − z ) = ( y + z ) − 4yz = (7 – 2)2023
2 2

= (–2)2023
∴ (y – z)2 = 25 – 4 × 6
= −1× 21 ( 23 )
674
⇒ (y – z)2 = 25 – 24
⇒ (y – z) = ± 1 = – 1 × 2 (7 + 1)674
Also, y+z=5 ….(i) = – 2(1 + 7)674
and, y – z = ± 1 ….(ii) =–2+7
From equation (i) & (ii) we get = 5.
y = 3 or 2 18. The remainder when 32022 is divided by 5 is
z = 2 or 3 (a) 1 (b) 2
n = 2 x. 3 y. 3 z (c) 3 (d) 4
JEE Main-24.06.2022, Shift-I
⇒ n = 2 0. 3 2. 5 3
Ans. (d) : Given, 32022
Total odd divisors = (3 + 1) (2 + 1) = 12
= (32)1011
15. If (2021)3762 is divided by 17, then the = (9)1011
remainder is ....... . = (10 – 1)1011
JEE Main 17.03.2021, Shift - I = 1011C0 . 101011 –1011C1 . 101010 + …..+ 1011C1010
1 1011
Ans. (4) : Given, 10 – C1011
(2021)3762 = (2023 – 2)3762 = 10k – 1, where k = integer
= (–2 + 2023)3762 = 10k – 1 – 4 + 4
3762
= 10 k – 5 + 4
∑ C r ( −2 ) ( 2023)
3762 r
3762 = 5 ( 2 k – 1) + 4
r =0 So, when it is divided by 5, remainder will be ‘4’
Therefore, 19. If (20)19 + 2(21) (20)18 + 3(21)2 (20)17 + ….+
3762
C0 (–2)3762 (2023)0 + 17λ 20(21)19 = k(20)19, then k is equal to ____:
Here, λ ∈ 1 JEE Mains 06/04/2023 Shift-II
= 17λ + 22 (24)940 = 17λ + 4 (16)940 Ans. (400) :
= 17λ + 4 (17 – 1)940 If (20)19 +2(21) (20)18 + 3(21)2 (20)17 + …..+
Now, (20)(21)19 = k(20)19 then k
= 17λ + 4(17µ + 1) = 17λ + 4   21  
2 19

Hence, the remainder of (2021)3762 is 4.  21   21 

20 1 + 2.  + 3   + ..... + 20    = k(20)19
19
  20   20   20  
22 22
16. 3 × 7 + 2 × 10 – 44 when divided by 18 leaves 
the remainder 2 19
 21   21   21 
JEE Main 27.08.2021, Shift - II k = 1 + 2   + 3   + ...... + 20   ....(i)
Ans. (15) : Given,  20   20   20 
2 19 20
3 × 7 + 2 × 10 – 44
22 22
 21   21   21   21   21 
k =
      + 2 + ...... + 19   + 20   ...(ii)
⇒ 3 × (6 + 1)22 + 2 × (9 + 1)22 – 44  20   20   20   20   20 
Now, binomial expansion On subtracting equation (ii) from (i), we get –
⇒ 3[22C0 + 22C1 (6) + 22C2 (6)2+ ….. + 22C22(6)22] +  −1  21  21 
2
 21 
19
 21 
20
22 22 22 22
2[ C0 + C1 (9) + ..…+ C22 (9) ] – 44 k   = 1 + +   + ..... +   − 20  
 20  20  20   20   20 
⇒ 3.22C0 + 18 [22C1 + 22C2 (6) + …..+ 22C22(6)21] +
2.22C0 + 18 [22C1 + 22C2 (9) + ….+ 22C22 (9)21] – 44   21  20

1   − 1
 
 −1    
20
⇒ 18A + 3 + 18B + 2 – 44 20  − 20  21 
= 18 (A + B) – 39 k   =  
 20   21   20 
= 18 C – 3 × 18 + 15 ∵ C=A+B  − 1
 20 
= 18 (C – 3) + 15 ∵C–3=λ 20 20
 −1   21   21 
= 18λ + 15 k   = 20   − 20 − 20  
Hence, the remainder is 15.  20   20   20 
17. The remainder when (2021) 2023
is divided by 7 k  −1  = −20
is :  
 20 
(a) 1 (b) 2
– k = – 20 × 20
(c) 5 (d) 6
JEE Main-26.06.2022, Shift-I k = 400
13 YCT
02.
Set, Relation and Function
Formula Symmetric relation: A relation R on a set A is said
Laws of Algebra of sets (Properties of sets): to be a symmetric relation
Commutative law: (A ∪ B) = B ∪ A ; A ∩ B = B iff (a, b) ∈ R ⇒ (b, a) ∈R for all a, b ∈ A. i.e. a R b
∩A ⇒ b R a for all a, b ∈ A.
Associative law: (A ∪ B) ∪ C = A ∪ (B ∪ C) ; (A Transitive relation: Let A be any set. A relation R
∩ B) ∩ C = A ∩ (B ∩ C) on A is said to be a transitive relation
Distributive law: iff (a, b) ∈ R and (b, c) ∈ R ⇒ (a, c) ∈ R for all a, b,
A ∩ (B ∩ C) = (A ∪ B) ∩(A ∪ C); A∩ (B ∪ C) = c∈A
(A ∩ B) ∪ (A ∩ C) i.e. a R b and b R c ⇒ a R c for all a, b, c ∈ A
De-morgan law: (A ∪ B)' = A' ∩ B' ; (A ∩ B)' = A' Equivalence relation: A relation R on a set A is
∪ B' said to be an equivalence relation on A iff
Identity law: A ∩ U = A ; A ∪ φ = A it is reflexive i.e. (a, a) ∈ R for all a ∈A
Complement law: A ∪ A' = U, A ∩ A' = φ, (A')' = it is symmetric i.e. (a, b) ∈ R ⇒ (b, a) ∈ R for
A
all a, b ∈ A
Idempotent law: A ∩ A = A, A ∪ A = A
it is transitive i.e. (a, b) ∈ R and (b, c) ∈ R ⇒ (a,
Some Important results on number of elements in
sets: c) ∈ R for all a, b and c ∈ A
If A, B C are finite sets and U be the finite universal
set then Set, Operation on Set and Venn
Type I
n(A ∪ B) = n(A) + n(B) –n(A ∩ B) Diagram
n(A – B) = n(A) – n(A ∩ B)
n(A ∪ B ∪ C) = n(A) + n(B) + n(C) – n(A ∩ B) – 1. The number of elements in the set
n(B ∩ C) – n(A ∩ C) + n(A ∩ B ∩ C) S {(x,y,z) : x,y,z Z,x 2y 3z 42,x,y,z 0}
Number of elements in exactly two of the sets A, B, equals________ .
C = n(A ∩ B) + n(B ∩ C) + n(C ∩ A) –3n(A ∩ B ∩
C)
JEE Mains 01/02/2024 Shift-I
Number of elements in exactly one of the sets A, B,
Ans.(169) : We have,
C = n(A) + n(B) + n(C) –2n(A ∩ B) –2n(B ∩ C) –
2n(A ∩ C) + 3n(A ∩ B ∩ C) x + 2y + 3z = 42, x, y, z ≥ 0
Types of relations: ⇒ x+ 2y = 42 – 3z
In this section we intend to define various types of There are following cases-
relations on a given set A. 1) z = 0 x + 2y = 42 → 22 case
Void relation: Let A be a set. Then φ ⊆ A × A and 2) z = 1 x + 2y = 39 → 20 case
so it is a relation on A. This relation is called the 3) z = 2 x + 2y = 36 → 19 case
void or empty relation on A. 4) z = 3 x + 2y = 33 → 17 case
Universal relation: Let A be a set. Then A × A ⊆ A 5) z = 4 x + 2y = 30 → 16 case
× A and so it is a relation on A. This relation is
called the universal relation on A. 6) z = 5 x + 2y = 27 → 14 case
Identity relation: Let A be a set. Then the relation 7) z = 6 x + 2y = 24 → 13 case
IA = {(a, a): a ∈ A} on A is called the identity 8) z = 7 x + 2y = 21 → 11 case
relation on A. In other words, a relation IA. on A is 9) z = 8 x + 2y = 18 → 10 case
called the identity relation if every element of A is 10) z = 9x + 2y = 15 → 8 case
related to itself only. 11) z = 10 x + 2y = 12 → 7 case
Reflexive relation: A relation R on a set A is said to
12) z = 11 x + 2y = 9 → 5 case
be reflexive if every element of A is related to itself.
Thus, R on a set A is not reflexive if there exists an 13) z = 12 x + 2y = 6 → 4 case
element a ∈A such that (a, a) ∉R. 14) z = 13 x + 2y = 3 → 2 case
Note: Every identity relation is reflexive but every 15) z = 14 x + 2y = 0 → 1 case
reflexive relation in not identity. Therefore the number of elements in the set = 169.
14 YCT
2. A group of 40 students appeared in an 4. Let S be the set of positive integral values of a
examination of 3 subjects – Mathematics, ax 2 + 2(a + 1)x + 9a + 4
Physics and Chemistry. It was found that all for which < 0, ∀x ∈ ℝ .
x 2 – 8x + 32
students passed in atleast one of the subjects,
Then, the number of elements in S is:
20 students passed in Mathematics, 25 students
passed in Physics, 16 students passed in (a) ∞ (b) 3
Chemistry, atmost 11 students passed in both (c) 0 (d) 1
Mathematics and Physics, atmost 15 students JEE Mains 31/01/2024 Shift-I
passed in both Physics and Chemistry, atmost Ans. (c) : We have,
15 students passed in both Mathematics and ax 2 +2(a + 1)x + 9a + 4
Chemistry. The maximum number of students <0
x 2 – 8x + 32
passed in all the three subjects is _______.
D = 64 – 4 × 32 < 0
JEE Mains 30/01/2024 Shift-I
&a=1>0
Ans.(10) : According to question,
∴ x 2 – 8x + 32 > 0 ∀ x ∈ R
n(M) = 20, n(P) =25, n(C) = 16
ax 2 + 2(a + 1)x + 9a + 4 < 0 ∀ x ∈ R
Only possible when,
a<0&D<0
But we need positive integral value of a.
So,
S =0
5. Let A and B be two finite sets with m and n
11 x 0 15–x ≥ 0 elements respectively. The total number of
x 11 x ≤15 subsets of the set A is 56 more than the total
x = number of student pass in all 3 subjects. number of subsets of B. Then the distance of
Max(x) = 11 it is not possible −2,−
the point P (m,n ) from the point Q (− −3) is.
Max (x) = 10 (a) 10 (b) 6
(c) 4 (d) 8
3. Let the set S = {2, 4, 8, 16, .....,512} be partitioned
into 3 sets A, B, C with equal number of elements JEE Mains 27/01/2024 Shift-II
such that A ∪ B ∪ C = S and A ∩ B = B ∩ C = Ans. (a) : A and B be two finite sets with m and n
A ∩ C = φ. The maximum number of such elements.
possible partitions of S is equal to: Given, 2m = 2n+56
(a) 1680 (b) 1520 2m–2n = 56
(c) 1710 (d) 1640 2 (2 –1) = 56 = 23×7
n m–n

JEE Mains 05/04/2024 Shift-II n = 3 2m–n = 8

Ans. (a) : According to question, m=6
∴ P(m, n) = P(6, 3) and Q(–2, –3)
Distance between P and Q are-
PQ = 64 + 36 = 10
6. If S = {a ∈ R : |2a – 1| = 3[a] + 2 {a}}, where [t]
denotes the greatest integer less than or equal
to t and {t} represent the fractional part of t,
then 72∑ a is equal to ________.
S = {2,2 2 , 23.........29 } a∈S

n (S) = 9 JEE Mains 05/04/2024 Shift-I

Maximum number of possible partition of S Ans. (18) : Given,
= 9C3 × 6C3 × 3C3 S = {a ∈ R : |2a – 1| = 3[a] + 2 {a}}
9! 6! |2a – 1| = 3[a] + 2{a}
= × ×1
3! 6! 3! 3! |2a – 1| = [a] + 2a
9×8× 7 6× 5× 4 Case-1: a >
1
= × ×1
3× 2 3× 2 2
= 84×20 2a – 1 = [a] + 2a
=1680 [a] = –1 ∴a ∈ [–1, 0) Reject
15 YCT
 1 ⇒ n = {2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8} ... (ii)
Case -2 a < From (i) ∩ (ii)
2
–2a + 1 = [a] + 2a N = {2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8}
– 2a + 1 = 0 + 2a So, Number of elements in the set = 6
4a = 1 9. The number of elements in the set {n ∈ N : 10 ≤
Hence, a =
1 n ≤ 100 and 3n – 3 is a multiple of 7} is _____
4
1 JEE Mains 15/04/2023 Shift-I
Therefore, 72∑ a = 72 × = 18
a∈S 4 Ans. (15) :
7. In a survey of 220 students of a higher n ∈ [10, 100]
secondary school, it was found that at least 125 3n – 3 is multiple of 7
and at most 130 students studied Mathematics; 3n = 7λ + 3
at least 85 and at most 95 studied Physics; at n = 1, 7, 13, 20, …..97
least 75 and at most 90 studied Chemistry; 30
Number of possible values of n = 15
studied both Physics and Chemistry; 50 studied
both Chemistry and Mathematics; 40 studied 10. Let A = {x ∈ ℝ : [x + 3] + [x + 4] ≤ 3},
both Mathematics and Physics and 10 studied
 
x–3
 ∞ 3 
none of these subjects. Let m and n respectively B =  x ∈ ℝ : 3x  ∑ r  < 3 –3x  , where [t]
be the least and the most number of students   r=1 10  
who studied all the three subjects. Then m + n denotes greatest integer function. Then,
is equal to _____
(a) A ⊂ B, A ≠ B
JEE Mains 04/04/2024 Shift-I (b) A ∩ B = φ
Ans. 45 (c) A = B
(d) B ⊂ C, A ≠ B
JEE Mains 06/04/2023 Shift-I
Ans. (c) :
A = {x ∈ ℝ : [x + 3] + [x + 4] ≤ 3},
[x] + 3 + [x] + 4 ≤ 3
2[x]+ 7 ≤ 3
2[x]≤ – 4
[x]≤ – 1
n(M∪P∪C) = 220 –10 = 210 A ⇒ x∈ (–∞, –1)
n(M) ∈ [125, 130] 
x –3

–3x 
∞
x 3 
n(P) ∈ [85, 95] B =  x ∈ R : 3  ∑ 10r  < 3 
  r=1  
n (C) ∈ [75, 90]
125 ≤ m + 90 – x ≤ 130 ...(i) ∞ x –3
x 3 
85 ≤ P + 70 – x ≤ 95 ...(ii) 3 ∑
 10r  < 3
 r=1 
–3x
...(i)
75 ≤ C + 80 – x ≤ 90 ...(iii) ∞
3 3 3 3 3
Also, m + P + C + 120 – 2x = 210 ∑ 10 r
= + 2 + 3 + ....... + ∞
10 10 10 10
15 ≤ x ≤ 45 & 30 – x ≥ 0 r =1

15 ≤ x ≤ 30 3 1 1 
= 1 + + 2 + ...... 
30 + 15 = 45 10  10 10 
8. The number of elements in the set {n ∈ Z:| n2 –  
10n + 19|< 6} is ______. 3  1  3 10 1
JEE Mains 10/04/2023 Shift-I =  = × =
10  1 − 1  10 9 3
Ans. (6) : We have,
 10 
–6 < n2 –10n + 19 < 6
⇒ n2 – 10n + 25 > 0 From equation (i)
x −3
⇒ (n – 5) > 0
2
x 
∞
3 
3  ∑ r  < 3−3x
⇒ n ∈ Z – {5} ... (i)  r =1 10 
and n2 –10n + 13 < 0 x −3
1
⇒5–2 3 <n<5+2 3 3x   < 3−3x
⇒ 1.6 < n < 8.4  3 

16 YCT