𝕄𝕊′ 𝕤 𝕄𝔸𝕋ℍ𝔼𝕄𝔸𝕋𝕀ℂ𝕊 XI –ANSWER KEY-MARCH-2025 Page 1

HIGHER SECONDARY FIRST YEAR PUBLIC EXAMINATION

MARCH– 2025
MATHEMATICS – ANSWER KEY
PART-I
M.SANKAR M.Sc., B.Ed.,

Note: i) Answer all the questions. [𝟐𝟎 × 𝟏 = 𝟐𝟎]

ii) Choose the most appropriate answer from the given four alternatives and
write the option code and the corresponding answer
TYPE-A TYPE-B
1. (d) [2, ∞) (d) P(A ∩ B ̅ ∩ B)
̅) + P(A
2. (b) 6 (c) 3
3. (c) n(n + 1) (d) [2, ∞)
x
4. (a) y = e (c) n(n + 1)
5. (c) 3 (a) 512
10
6. (a) Right triangle (c)
21
7. (d) 5 5 (a) Value does not exist
8. (d) 90° (b) 6
9. (a) 6 (d) 7
1
10. (a) − (a) right triangle
log 3
1
11. (d) cos x° (d) 55
90
23x+5
12. (c) +c (b) 4x − 3y − 7 = 0
3 log 2
23x+5
13. (a) α + 3β = 11 (c) +c
3 log 2
14. (d) P(A ∩ B ̅) + P(A ̅ ∩ B) (a) y = ex
15. (a) 512 (a) α + 3β = 11
16. (a) Value does not exist (d) 90°
3 1
k
17. (b) (a) −
√2 log 3
3
k
18. (b) 4x − 3y − 7 = 0 (b)
√2
1
19. (d) 7 (d) cos x°
90
10
20. (c) (a) 6
21
M.SANKAR M.Sc., B.Ed.,

PART-II
Note: [𝟕 × 𝟐 = 𝟏𝟒]
(i) Answer any SEVEN questions
(ii) Question number 30 is compulsory.
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ + 𝐎𝐐
21. If 𝐏𝐎 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ = 𝐐𝐎
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ + 𝐎𝐑
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ , prove that the points P, Q, R are collinear.
Solution:

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 𝕄𝕊′ 𝕤 𝕄𝔸𝕋ℍ𝔼𝕄𝔸𝕋𝕀ℂ𝕊 XI –ANSWER KEY-MARCH-2025 Page 2

−OP ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ + ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗

OQ = −OQ ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ + ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
OR
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
OQ − ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
OP = ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
OR − ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗OQ
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ = QR
PQ ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
PQ ∥ ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ QR and Q is common
M.SANKAR M.Sc., B.Ed.,

Hence P, Q, R are collinear

An experiment has the four possible mutually exclusive and exhaustive outcomes A,
22. B, C, and D. Check whether the following assignments of probability are
permissible. 𝐏(𝐀) = 𝟎. 𝟏𝟓, 𝐏(𝐁) = 𝟎. 𝟑𝟎, 𝐏(𝐂) = 𝟎. 𝟒𝟑, 𝐏(𝐃) = 𝟎. 𝟏𝟐.
Solution:
P(A) = 0.15 ≥ 0; P(B) = 0.30 ≥ 0; P(C) = 0.43 ≥ 0; P(D) = 0.12 ≥ 0
P(A) + P(B) + P(C) + P(D) = 0.15 + 0.30 + 0.43 + 0.12 = 1.00
∴ Given assignments are permissible.
23. Differentiate: 𝐲 = 𝐞𝐬𝐢𝐧 𝐱 .
Solution:
Let y = eu ; u = sin x
dy du
= eu ; = cos x
du dx
dy dy du
= ×
dx du dx
= eu × cos x
= cos x esin x
𝐱 𝐧 −𝟐𝐧
24. Find the positive integer ‘n’ so that 𝐥𝐢𝐦 𝐱−𝟐
= 𝟏𝟐.
𝐱→𝟐
Solution:
x n − 2n x n − an
lim = 12 ∵ lim = nan−1
x→2 x − 2 x→a x − a
n(2)n−1 = 12
n(2)n−1 = 3(2)2
n(2)n−1 = 3(2)3−1
n=3
(𝐢 – 𝟐𝐣)𝟐
Construct an 𝐦 × 𝐧 matrix 𝐀 = [𝐚𝐢𝐣 ], where 𝐚𝐢𝐣 is given by 𝐚𝐢𝐣 = 𝐰𝐢𝐭𝐡
25. 𝟐
𝐦 = 𝟐, 𝐧 = 𝟑.
Solution:
a11 a12 a13
In general, a 2 × 3 matrix is given by A = [a ]
21 a22 a23
2 2
(1 − 1)2 (1 − 2(2)) 9 (1 − 2(3)) 25
a11 = =0 ; a12 = = ; a13 = =
2 2 2 2 2
2 2 2
(2 − 2(1)) (2 − 2(2)) (2 − 2(3))
M.SANKAR M.Sc., B.Ed.,

a21 = = 0 ; a22 = = 2 ; a23 = =8

2 2 2
9 25
A=[ 0
2 2]
0 2 8

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 𝕄𝕊′ 𝕤 𝕄𝔸𝕋ℍ𝔼𝕄𝔸𝕋𝕀ℂ𝕊 XI –ANSWER KEY-MARCH-2025 Page 3

𝟐 𝟑 𝟒
26. Without expanding, evaluate the determinants:| 𝟓 𝟔 𝟖 |.
𝟔𝐱 𝟗𝐱 𝟏𝟐𝐱
Solution:
2 3 4 2 3 4
M.SANKAR M.Sc., B.Ed.,

|5 6 8 | = x |5 6 8 |
6x 9x 12x 6 9 12
2 3 4
= (x)(3) |5 6 8|
2 3 4 R1≡R3
= 3x(0)
=0
27. Solve 𝟐𝟑𝐱 < 𝟏𝟎𝟎 when (i) x is a natural number, (ii) x is an integer.
Solution:
23x < 100
100
x< ⟹ x < 4.3
23
(i) x is a natural number
x ∈ {1, 2, 3, 4}
(ii) x is an integer
x ∈ {… … … , −4, −3, −2, −1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4}
𝐧 + 𝟏 𝐢𝐟 𝐧 𝐢𝐬 𝐨𝐝𝐝
28. Write the first 6 terms of the sequences whose 𝐧𝐭𝐡 term is 𝐚𝐧 = { .
𝐧 𝐢𝐟 𝐧 𝐢𝐬 𝐞𝐯𝐞𝐧
Solution:
a1 = 1 + 1 = 2 ; a2 = 2
a3 = 3 + 1 = 4 ; a4 = 4
a5 = 5 + 1 = 6 ; a6 = 6
First 6 terms are 2, 2, 4, 4, 6, 6
Find the locus of P, if for all values of α, the co-ordinates of a moving point P is
29.
(𝟗𝐜𝐨𝐬𝛂 , 𝟗 𝐬𝐢𝐧𝛂).
Solution:
Let P(h, k) be a point on the locus
Given (9 cos α , 9 sin α) be the coordinate of moving point
h = 9 cos α and k = 9 sin α
h k
= cos α ; = sin α
9 9
w. k. t. cos 2 α + sin2 α = 1
h 2 k 2
( ) +( ) =1
9 9
h + k = 92
2 2
M.SANKAR M.Sc., B.Ed.,

∴ locus of the point P(h, k) is x 2 + y 2 = 81

30. What is the unit digit of the sum 𝟑𝟑! + 𝟒𝟒!+. . . . . +𝟐𝟐𝟎𝟎!?
Solution:
From 5! onwards for the unit digit is zero and hence the contribution to the unit
digit is through 3! + 4! only. which is 6 + 24 = 30.
Therefore, the required unit digit is 0.

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 𝕄𝕊′ 𝕤 𝕄𝔸𝕋ℍ𝔼𝕄𝔸𝕋𝕀ℂ𝕊 XI –ANSWER KEY-MARCH-2025 Page 4

PART-III
Note: [𝟕 × 𝟑 = 𝟐𝟏]
(i) Answer any SEVEN questions
(ii) Question number 40 is compulsory.
M.SANKAR M.Sc., B.Ed.,

𝟏
31. Find the range of the function 𝐟(𝐱) = .
𝟏 − 𝟑 𝐜𝐨𝐬 𝐱
Solution:
−1 ≤ cos x ≤ 1
3 ≥ −3 cos x ≥ −3
−3 ≤ −3 cos x ≤ 3
1 − 3 ≤ 1 − 3 cos x ≤ 1 + 3
−2 ≤ 1 − 3 cos x ≤ 4
1 1 1
− ≥ ≥
2 1 − 3 cos x 4
1 1 1 1
≤− ; ≥
1 − 3 cos x 2 1 − 3 cos x 4
1 1
f(x) ≤ − ; f(x) ≥
2 4
1 1
f(x) ∈ (−∞, − ] ; f(x) ∈ [ , ∞)
2 4
1 1
Hence the range of f is (−∞, − ] ∪ [ , ∞)
2 4
32. Solve the equation √𝐱 𝟐 − 𝐱 − 𝟐 = 𝐱 + 𝟏.
Solution:
√x 2 − x − 2 = x + 1
√x 2 − x − 2 ≥ 0 ⟹ x + 1 ≥ 0
∴ x ≥ −1
√x 2 − x − 2 = x + 1
x 2 − x − 2 = (x + 1)2
x 2 − x − 2 = x 2 + 2x + 1
−3x = 3
∴ x = −1
33. Prove that 𝐬𝐢𝐧(𝟒𝟓° + 𝛉) − 𝐬𝐢𝐧(𝟒𝟓° − 𝛉) = √𝟐 𝐬𝐢𝐧 𝛉.
Solution:
LHS = sin(45° + θ) − sin(45° − θ)
= (sin 45° cos θ + cos 45° sin θ) − (sin 45° cos θ − cos 45° sin θ)
= sin 45° cos θ + cos 45° sin θ − sin 45° cos θ + cos 45° sin θ
= 2 cos 45° sin θ
1
M.SANKAR M.Sc., B.Ed.,

= 2 ( ) sin θ
√2
= √2 sin θ = RHS

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 𝕄𝕊′ 𝕤 𝕄𝔸𝕋ℍ𝔼𝕄𝔸𝕋𝕀ℂ𝕊 XI –ANSWER KEY-MARCH-2025 Page 5

34. If (𝐧+𝟐)𝐏𝟒 = 𝟒𝟐 × 𝐧𝐏𝟐 , find n.

Solution:
(n+2)
P4 = 42 × nP2
(n + 2)! n!
M.SANKAR M.Sc., B.Ed.,

= 42 ×
(n + 2 − 4)! (n − 2)!
(n + 2)(n + 1)n! n!
= 42 ×
(n − 2)! (n − 2)!
(n + 2)(n + 1) = 7 × 6
n+2=7
n=5
35. Compute 𝟏𝟎𝟐𝟒 .
Solution:
(a + b)n = nC0 an b0 + nC1 an−1 b1 + nC2 an−2 b2 + ⋯ + nCn a0 bn
1024 = (100 + 2)4
= 4C0 1004 20 + 4C1 1003 21 + 4C2 1002 22 + 4C3 1001 23 + 4C4 1000 24
= 1(100000000)1 + 4(1000000)2 + 6(10000)(4) + 4(100)8 + (1)(16)
= 100000000 + 8000000 + 240000 + 3200 + 16
= 108243216
𝟑 𝟏
36. Show the points (𝟎, − ) , (𝟏, −𝟏) , 𝐚𝐧𝐝 (𝟐 , − ) are collinear.
𝟐 𝟐
Solution:
3 1
Let A, B and C be (0, − ) , (1, −1) , and (2 , − ) respectively.
2 2
3
−1 +
The slope of AB is 2=1
1−0 2
1
− +1 1
The slope of BC is 2 =
2−1 2
The slope of AB is equal to slope of BC.
Hence, A, B and C are lying on the same line.
Let ⃗⃗⃗⃗𝐚 , ⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝐛 , ⃗⃗⃗𝐜 be unit vectors such that ⃗⃗⃗⃗𝐚 . ⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝐛 = ⃗⃗⃗⃗𝐚 . ⃗⃗⃗𝐜 = 𝟎 and the angle between ⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝐛
37. 𝛑 𝟐
and ⃗⃗⃗𝐜 is . Prove that ⃗⃗⃗⃗𝐚 = (⃗⃗⃗⃗ 𝐛 × ⃗⃗⃗𝐜 ).
𝟑 √𝟑
Solution:
G. T. ⃗⃗⃗a , ⃗⃗⃗⃗b , ⃗⃗⃗c be unit vectors ⟹ |⃗⃗⃗a | = 1 ; |⃗⃗⃗⃗b | = 1 ; |⃗⃗⃗c | = 1
G. T. ⃗⃗⃗a . ⃗⃗⃗⃗b = ⃗⃗⃗a . ⃗⃗⃗c = 0
⃗⃗⃗a . ⃗⃗⃗⃗b = 0 ⟹ ⃗⃗⃗a ⊥ ⃗⃗⃗⃗b } ⟹ ⃗⃗⃗a ∥ (⃗⃗⃗⃗b × ⃗⃗⃗c )
⃗⃗⃗a . ⃗⃗⃗c = 0 ⟹ ⃗⃗⃗a ⊥ ⃗⃗⃗c
M.SANKAR M.Sc., B.Ed.,

⃗⃗⃗a = λ(⃗⃗⃗⃗b × ⃗⃗⃗c ) → ①

|⃗⃗⃗a | = |λ(⃗⃗⃗⃗b × ⃗⃗⃗c )|
π
|⃗⃗⃗a | = |λ||⃗⃗⃗⃗b × ⃗⃗⃗c | ∵ angle between ⃗⃗⃗⃗b and ⃗⃗⃗c is
3
π
|⃗⃗⃗a | = |λ||⃗⃗⃗⃗b ||⃗⃗⃗c | sin
3

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 𝕄𝕊′ 𝕤 𝕄𝔸𝕋ℍ𝔼𝕄𝔸𝕋𝕀ℂ𝕊 XI –ANSWER KEY-MARCH-2025 Page 6

√3
1 = |λ|(1)(1)
2
2
|λ| =
√3
M.SANKAR M.Sc., B.Ed.,

2
λ=±
√3
2
sub λ = ± in ① we get
√3
2
⃗⃗⃗a = (⃗⃗⃗⃗b × ⃗⃗⃗c )
√3
38. Integrate with respect to x: 𝐜𝐨𝐬 𝟓𝐱 𝐬𝐢𝐧 𝟑𝐱
Solution:
1
∫ cos 5x sin 3x dx = ∫ [sin(5x + 3x) − sin(5x − 3x)] dx
2
1
= [∫ sin 8x dx − ∫ sin 2x dx]
2
1 1 1
= [ (− cos 8x) − (− cos 2x)] + c
2 8 2
1 cos 8x cos 2x
= [− + ]+c
2 8 2
Eight coins are tossed once, find the probability of getting:
39.
(i) exactly two tails (ii) at most two tails
Solution:
n(S) = 28 = 256
(Tossing 8 coins once and tossing one coin 8 times are same)
8
C2
P( getting exactly two tails) =
256
28 7
= =
256 64
P (Atmost two tails) = P(x ≤ 2)
= P(x = 0) + P(x = 1) + P(x = 2)
8 8 8
C0 C1 C2
= + +
256 256 256
1 + 8 + 28
=
256
37
=
256
𝐝𝐲 −𝟏 (𝟐 𝟐
40. Find , if 𝐲 = 𝐜𝐨𝐬 𝐜𝐨𝐬 𝐱 − 𝟏).
𝐝𝐱
M.SANKAR M.Sc., B.Ed.,

Solution:
y = cos −1 (2 cos 2 x − 1)
y = cos −1 (cos 2x)
y = 2x
diff. w. r. to "x"
dy
=2
dx

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 𝕄𝕊′ 𝕤 𝕄𝔸𝕋ℍ𝔼𝕄𝔸𝕋𝕀ℂ𝕊 XI –ANSWER KEY-MARCH-2025 Page 7

PART-IV
ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS. [𝟕 × 𝟓 = 𝟑𝟓]
𝐱𝟐 + 𝐱 + 𝟏
41. (a) Resolve into partial fractions: 𝟐 .
𝐱 − 𝟓𝐱 + 𝟔
M.SANKAR M.Sc., B.Ed.,

Solution:
x2 + x + 1 6x − 5
2
= 1+ 2 → ①
x − 5x + 6 x − 5x + 6
6x − 5 6x − 5 A B
Consider, 2 = = + → ②
x − 5x + 6 (x − 2)(x − 3) (x − 2) (x − 3)
6x − 5 = A(x − 3) + B(x − 2)
Put x = 2 Put x = 3
6(2) − 5 = A(2 − 3) + 0 6(3) − 5 = 0 + B(3 − 2)
7 = A(−1) 13 = B
A = −7 B = 13
Sub A, B values in ②
6x − 5 −7 13
= +
x 2 − 5x + 6 (x − 2) (x − 3)
From ①,
x2 + x + 1 7 13
∴ 2 =1− +
x − 5x + 6 (x − 2) (x − 3)
(OR)
(b) Express the equation√𝟑𝐱 − 𝐲 + 𝟒 = 𝟎 in the following equivalent form:
(i) Slope and Intercept form (ii) Intercept form (iii) Normal form
Solution:
(i) Slope and intercept form
given that √3x − y + 4 = 0
y = √3x + 4
Comparing the above equation with the equation y = mx + b, we have
Slope = √3 and y ‐ intercept = 4
(ii) Intercept form
√3x − y + 4 = 0
√3x − y = −4
−√3 y
x+ =1
4 4
x y
+ =1
4
(− ) 4
√3
M.SANKAR M.Sc., B.Ed.,

x y
Comparing the above equation with the equation + = 1
a b
4
x‐ intercept = − and y‐ intercept = 4
√3

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(iii) Normal form:

The required form x cos α + ysin α = p
Given form − √3x + y = 4(∵ p is always positive )
÷2
M.SANKAR M.Sc., B.Ed.,

√3 1
− x+ y=2
2 2
π π
− cos x + sin y = 2
6 6
π π
cos (π − ) x + sin (π − ) y = 2
6 6
5π 5π
x cos + y sin = 2 This is a Normal form.
6 6
5π
Here α = 150∘ = and p = 2
6
42. (a) 𝐜𝐨𝐭(𝟏𝟖𝟎°+𝛉) 𝐬𝐢𝐧(𝟗𝟎°−𝛉) 𝐜𝐨𝐬(−𝛉)
Prove that = 𝐜𝐨𝐬𝟐 𝛉 𝐜𝐨𝐭 𝛉.
𝐬𝐢𝐧(𝟐𝟕𝟎°+𝛉) 𝐭𝐚𝐧(−𝛉) 𝐜𝐨𝐬𝐞𝐜(𝟑𝟔𝟎°+𝛉)
Solution:
cot(180∘ + θ) sin(90∘ − θ) cos(−θ)
LHS =
sin(270∘ + θ) tan(−θ) cosec(360∘ + 𝜃)
(cot θ)(cos θ)(cos θ)
=
(− cos θ)(− tan θ)(cosec θ)
cot θ cos 2 θ
=
sin θ 1
(cos θ) (
cos θ) (sin θ)
= cos 2 θ cot θ = RHS
(OR)
𝐬𝐢𝐧−𝟏 𝐱
(b) If 𝐲 = , show that (𝟏 − 𝐱 𝟐 )𝐲𝟐 − 𝟑𝐱𝐲𝟏 − 𝐲 = 𝟎.
√𝟏−𝐱 𝟐
Solution:
sin−1 x
y=
√1 − x 2
2
(sin−1 x)2
y =
1 − x2
(1 − x 2 )y 2 = (sin−1 x)2
1
(1 − x 2 )(2yy1 ) + y 2 (−2x) = 2 sin−1 x ( )
√1 − x 2
(1 − x 2 )(2yy1 ) + y 2 (−2x) = 2𝑦
M.SANKAR M.Sc., B.Ed.,

(1 − x 2 )y1 − xy = 1
(1 − x 2 )y2 + y1 (−2x) − (xy1 + y(1)) = 0
(1 − x 2 )y2 − 2xy1 − xy1 − y = 0
(1 − x 2 )y2 − 3xy1 − y = 0

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𝐬𝐢𝐧 𝛉
43. (a) Prove that 𝐥𝐢𝐦 = 𝟏.
𝛉→𝟎 𝛉
Solution:
Consider the circle with centre (0,0) and radius 1. Any point on this circle
is R (cos θ , sin θ) .
M.SANKAR M.Sc., B.Ed.,

tan θ θ sin θ
By area property ≥ ≥
2 2 2
2
× by
sin θ
1 θ
≥ ≥1
cos θ sin θ
sin θ
cos θ ≤ ≤1
θ
sin(−θ) sin θ
Because cos (−θ) = cos θ and = one can conclude that this
−θ θ
π π
inequality is valid for all non‐zero θ in the open interval (− , ).
2 2
lim cos θ = 1 ; lim(1) = 1
θ→0 θ→0
Sandwich theorem we get
sin θ
lim =1
θ→0 θ
(OR)
(b) A factory has two Machines-I and II. Machine-I produces 60% of items and
Machine-II produces 40% of the items of the total output. Further 2% of the
items produced by Machine-I are defective whereas 4% produced by
Machine-II are defective. If an item is drawn at random what is the
probability that it is defective?
Solution:
Let M1 , M2 be the production from Machine –I, Machine –II respectively
Let D be the Defective items produced from above Machines
M.SANKAR M.Sc., B.Ed.,

Given
60 6 40 4
P(M1 ) = = ; P(M2 ) = =
100 10 100 10
2 4
P(D⁄M1 ) = ; P(D⁄M2 ) =
100 100

𝕄. 𝕊𝔸ℕ𝕂𝔸ℝ 𝕄. 𝕊𝕔., 𝔹. 𝔼𝕕. | PGT MATHEMATICS

 𝕄𝕊′ 𝕤 𝕄𝔸𝕋ℍ𝔼𝕄𝔸𝕋𝕀ℂ𝕊 XI –ANSWER KEY-MARCH-2025 Page 10

P(Selected item is defective ) = P(D)

= P(M1 )P(D⁄M1 ) + P(M2 )P(D⁄M2 )
6 2 4 4
= ( )( ) + ( )( )
10 100 10 100
M.SANKAR M.Sc., B.Ed.,

12 16
= +
1000 1000
28
= = 0.028
1000
𝟑 𝟑 𝟏
44. (a) Prove that √𝐱 𝟑 + 𝟕 − √𝐱 𝟑 + 𝟒 is approximately equal to 𝟐 when x is large.
𝐱
Solution:
3 3 1 1
√x 3 + 7 − √x 3 + 4 = (x 3 + 7)3 − (x 3 + 4)3
1
x is sufficiently large ⟹ is smaller
x
1 1
3 3 1 7 3 1 4 3
√x 3 + 7 − √x 3 + 4 = (x 3 )3 (1 + 3 ) − (x 3 )3 (1 + 3 )
x x
1 1
7 3 4 3
= x (1 + 3 ) − x (1 + 3 )
x x
1 1
1 7 3 (3 − 1) 7 2
= x (1 + ( ) ( 3 ) + ( 3) + ⋯ )
3 x 2! x
1 1
1 4 3 (3 − 1) 4 2
−x (1 + ( ) ( 3 ) + ( 3) + ⋯ )
3 x 2! x
7 1 7 2 4 1 4 2
= x (1 + 3 − ( 3 ) + ⋯ ) − x (1 + 3 − ( 3 ) + ⋯ )
3x 9 x 3x 9 x
7 4
= x + 2 + ⋯− x − 2 + ⋯
3x 3x
7−4 1
≈ = 2
3x 2 x
3 3 1
√x 3 + 6 − √x 3 + 3 ≈ 2
x
(OR)
𝟐
If one root of 𝐤(𝐱 − 𝟏) = 𝟓𝐱 − 𝟕 is double the other root, show that 𝐤 = 𝟐 or
(b)
−𝟐𝟓.
Solution:
k(x − 1)2 = 5x − 7
M.SANKAR M.Sc., B.Ed.,

k(x 2 − 2x + 1) = 5x − 7
kx 2 − 2kx + k − 5x + 7 = 0
kx 2 − (2k + 5)x + k + 7 = 0
Let α be the root, then 2α is also a root
−(2k + 5)
Sum = α + 2α = −
k

𝕄. 𝕊𝔸ℕ𝕂𝔸ℝ 𝕄. 𝕊𝕔., 𝔹. 𝔼𝕕. | PGT MATHEMATICS

 𝕄𝕊′ 𝕤 𝕄𝔸𝕋ℍ𝔼𝕄𝔸𝕋𝕀ℂ𝕊 XI –ANSWER KEY-MARCH-2025 Page 11

2k + 5 2k + 5
⟹ 3α = ⟹α=
k 3k
k+7
Product = (α)(2α) =
k
M.SANKAR M.Sc., B.Ed.,

k + 7
⟹ 2α2 =
k
2k + 5 2 k + 7
2( ) =
3k k
4k 2 + 20k + 25 k+7
2( )=
9k 2 k
8k + 40k + 50 = 9k 2 + 63k
2

k 2 + 23k − 50 = 0
(k − 2)(k + 25) = 0
k = 2 or k = −25
45. (a) Show that 𝐭𝐚𝐧 𝟐𝟎° 𝐭𝐚𝐧 𝟒𝟎° 𝐭𝐚𝐧 𝟔𝟎° 𝐭𝐚𝐧 𝟖𝟎° = 𝟑
Solution:
LHS = tan 20° tan 40° tan 60° tan 80°
= tan 40° tan 20° tan 80° tan 60°
= tan(60° − 20°) tan 20° tan(60° + 20°) (√3)
= (tan 3(20°))(√3) ∵ tan(60° − A) tan A tan(60° + A) = tan 3A
= (tan 60°)(√3)
= (√3)(√3)
= 3 = RHS
(OR)
(b) 𝟏
Evaluate: ∫ 𝟐 𝐝𝐱
√𝐱 +𝟓𝐱+𝟒
Solution:
1
Let I = ∫ dx
√x 2 + 5x + 4
1
=∫ dx
√x 2 + 5x + 25 − 25 + 4
4 4
1
=∫ dx
2
5
√(x + ) − 9
2 4
1
=∫ dx
2 2
√(x + 5) − (3)
M.SANKAR M.Sc., B.Ed.,

2 2
5 5 2 3 2
√
= log (x + ) + (x + ) − ( ) + c
2 2 2
( )
5
= log ((x + ) + √x 2 + 5x + 4) + c
2

𝕄. 𝕊𝔸ℕ𝕂𝔸ℝ 𝕄. 𝕊𝕔., 𝔹. 𝔼𝕕. | PGT MATHEMATICS

 𝕄𝕊′ 𝕤 𝕄𝔸𝕋ℍ𝔼𝕄𝔸𝕋𝕀ℂ𝕊 XI –ANSWER KEY-MARCH-2025 Page 12

In a survey of 5000 persons in a town, it was found that 45% of the persons
know Language A, 25% know Language B, 10% know Language C, 5%
46. (a) know Languages A and B, 4% know Languages B and C, and 4% know
Languages A and C. If 3% of the persons know all the three Languages, find
M.SANKAR M.Sc., B.Ed.,

the number of persons who knows only Language A.

Solution:
We draw the Venn diagram using percentage.
A
B
45-(2+3+1) 5
45 2 25
39
3 1
1 4
4

10 C
From diagram the percentage of persons who knows only Language A is 39.
39
The required number of persons = 39% × 5000 = × 5000 = 1950.
100
(OR)
(b) Prove that the medians of a triangle are concurrent.
Solution:
Let ABC be a triangle and let D, E, F be the mid points of its sides BC, CA
and AB respectively
We have to prove that the medians AD, BE, CF are concurrent.
Let O be the origin
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ = ⃗⃗⃗a , OB
OA ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ = ⃗⃗⃗⃗b , OC ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ = ⃗⃗⃗c
D, E, F be the mid points of its sides BC, CA and AB
respectively
⃗⃗⃗⃗b + ⃗⃗⃗c ⃗⃗⃗c + ⃗⃗⃗a ⃗⃗⃗a + ⃗⃗⃗⃗b
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
OD = , ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
OE = , ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
OF =
2 2 2
Let G1 be the point on AD dividing it internally in the ratio 2 ∶ 1
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ + 2OD
1OA ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
OG1 =
1+2
⃗⃗⃗⃗b + ⃗⃗⃗c
1⃗⃗⃗a + 2 (
2 ) ⃗⃗⃗a + ⃗⃗⃗⃗b + ⃗⃗⃗c
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
OG1 = =
3 3
M.SANKAR M.Sc., B.Ed.,

Let G2 be the point on BE dividing it internally in the ratio 2 ∶ 1

⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ + 2OE
1OB ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
OG2 =
1+2
⃗⃗⃗
c + ⃗⃗⃗a
1⃗⃗⃗⃗b + 2 ( ) ⃗⃗⃗a + ⃗⃗⃗⃗b + ⃗⃗⃗c
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ 2
OG2 = =
3 3

𝕄. 𝕊𝔸ℕ𝕂𝔸ℝ 𝕄. 𝕊𝕔., 𝔹. 𝔼𝕕. | PGT MATHEMATICS

 𝕄𝕊′ 𝕤 𝕄𝔸𝕋ℍ𝔼𝕄𝔸𝕋𝕀ℂ𝕊 XI –ANSWER KEY-MARCH-2025 Page 13

Similarly, if G3 divides CF in the ratio 2 ∶ 1 then

⃗⃗⃗a + ⃗⃗⃗⃗b + ⃗⃗⃗c
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
OG3 =
3
⃗⃗⃗a + ⃗⃗⃗⃗b + ⃗⃗⃗c
M.SANKAR M.Sc., B.Ed.,

⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗

OG1 = OG2 = OG3 =
3
Hence, they are not different points. Let the common point be G.
Therefore, the three medians are concurrent and the point of concurrence is G.
By the principle of mathematical induction, prove that, for 𝐧 ≥ 𝟏
47. (a) 𝐧(𝐧+𝟏) 𝟐
𝟏𝟑 + 𝟐𝟑 + 𝟑𝟑 + · · · + 𝐧𝟑 = ( ) .
𝟐
Solution:
2
3 3 3 3
n(n + 1)
P(n) ≔ 1 + 2 + 3 + · · · + n = ( )
2
Put n = 1
2
1(1 + 1)
P(1) ≔ 13 = ( )
2
1=1
P(1) is true
Let us assume that the statement is true for n = k
2
3 3 3 3
k(k + 1)
i. e. , P(k) ≔ 1 + 2 + 3 + · · · + k = ( )
2
To prove that the statement is true for n = k + 1
i. e. , P(k + 1) = 13 + 23 + 33 + · · · + k 3 + (k + 1)3
2
k(k + 1)
=( ) + (k + 1)3
2
k 2 (k + 1)2
= + (k + 1)3
4
k 2 (k + 1)2 + 4(k + 1)3
=
4
(k + 1)2 [k 2 + 4(k + 1)]
=
4
2 2
(k + 1) [k + 4k + 4]
=
4
(k + 1)2 (k + 2)2
P(k + 1) =
4
⟹ P(k + 1) is true
∴ P(k + 1) is true whenever p(k) is true
M.SANKAR M.Sc., B.Ed.,

Hence by the principle of mathematical induction for n ≥ 1

2
3 3 3 3
n(n + 1)
1 +2 +3 +··· +n =( )
2
(OR)

𝕄. 𝕊𝔸ℕ𝕂𝔸ℝ 𝕄. 𝕊𝕔., 𝔹. 𝔼𝕕. | PGT MATHEMATICS

 𝕄𝕊′ 𝕤 𝕄𝔸𝕋ℍ𝔼𝕄𝔸𝕋𝕀ℂ𝕊 XI –ANSWER KEY-MARCH-2025 Page 14

𝟏+𝐚 𝟏 𝟏
𝟏 𝟏 𝟏
(b) Prove that | 𝟏 𝟏+𝐛 𝟏 | = 𝐚𝐛𝐜 (𝟏 + 𝐚 + 𝐛 + 𝐜 ).
𝟏 𝟏 𝟏+𝐜
Solution:
1+a 1 1 a −b 0 R ⟶R −R
M.SANKAR M.Sc., B.Ed.,

| 1 1+b 1 | = |0 b −c | R 1 ⟶ R1 − R2
1 1 1+c 1 1 1+c 2 2 3
b −c 0 −c 0 b
= a| |+b| | + 0| |
1 1+c 1 1+c 1 1
= a(b + bc + c) + b(0 + c) + 0
= ab + abc + ac + bc
= abc + ab + bc + ac
ab bc ac
= abc (1 + + + )
abc abc abc
1 1 1
= abc (1 + + + )
a b c

Prepared by
M. SANKAR M.Sc., B.Ed.
POST GRADUATE TEACHER
BHARATHIDASAN MAT. HR. SEC. SCHOOL
Tiruvallur

M.SANKAR M.Sc., B.Ed.,

𝕄. 𝕊𝔸ℕ𝕂𝔸ℝ 𝕄. 𝕊𝕔., 𝔹. 𝔼𝕕. | PGT MATHEMATICS