Sensors
Sensors
Sensor is the device which is used in smartphones to detect various aspects of environment. They sense data for
which they are made and works according to that. There are various sensors which are available nowadays in
smartphones which is in-built and helps in functioning of the smartphone. Basically, they work for better user
experience. First touchscreen phone was invented by IBM Simon in 1993. This list below includes all the standard
sensors that are embedded in smartphones.
Accelerometer Sensor
The accelerometer detects axis-based motion sensing. It senses the changes in the orientation of smartphones
with respect to x, y, and z-axis. Today many camera apps provide specific orientation based features like
Portrait Mode or Panorama mode, also when you see photos in portrait mode then it looks different and if you
hold the phone in landscape mode then it looks different, also some flagship phones provide flip to silence
feature. So these all features are based on this Accelerometer sensor.
Touchscreen Sensors
There is a constant flow of electrical currents through the smartphone screen. Touching the screen alters the
flow, and the alteration triggers the touchscreen sensors to respond by performing various actions related to the
touch points applied to the screen. These current changes dictate the actions on the particular part of the screen
at the moment, triggering whatever the requested command is to the device is based on what was touched.
Microphone
The microphone is a sensor meant specifically for the detection of sound and volume of the sound. As the
sound waves trigger the microphone sensor, the phone responds accordingly. In the most traditional sense, it
registers the sound to communicate for phone calls. In other respects, it is also utilized in voice search
commands, spoken text dictation, and recognition of incoming sounds for identification.
Pedometer Sensor
Modern pedometer sensors are smart enough to recognize when you are in motion and yet not actually walking.
If you jumped, rode a bike, sat in a moving vehicle, or even ran in place, the pedometer would recognize that
you are not actually walking and would not count the steps. While the accelerometer will also detect steps, the
pedometer is a more refined sensor, as step counting is its primary task.
GPS sensor
A GPS navigation sensor is a sensor that accurately calculates geographical location by receiving information
from GPS satellites. Initially, it was used by the United States Military, but now widely used in the latest
smartphones.
Fingerprint sensor-
Today everyone’s primary choice for security is a Fingerprint sensor. When you enroll your fingerprints for the
first time, this sensor basically creates a map of your fingerprint. Then next time when you put your finger on
the sensor, it just matches it with registered once. If it matches then your phone will unlock. This is how
basically fingerprint sensor works. You can see it in today’s almost all phones.
Magnetometer Sensor
Magnetometer works like a compass in your phone. It measures magnetic fields and can tell you where is
north.When you use Apple Maps or Google Maps that is the magnetometer which tells where is the north.
There are some metal detector apps which uses a magnetometer to detect metal presence.
NFC Sensor
With the wide adoption of cashless payment, NFC is one of the fastest growing technology in smartphones.
NFC sensor or Near Field Communication Sensor is a technology by which two electronic devices can
communicate with each other by bringing them within 4 cm of each other. They can quickly send encrypted
data to each other such as payment details. Today many smartphones have built-in support of NFC. If your
phone has NFC support then you can do payments by just tapping it with other NFC enabled device. No need
for anything else. Payments never made so easy.
Proximity Sensor
The proximity sensor detects the presence of an object. In the mobile phone, it detects the distance between
sensor and object (generally it is your ear or hand). During calls, your screen automatically goes off. This action
is done via the proximity sensor.
QR code scanner
QR code sensor that detects the light reflected by the scanned code, generating an analog signal that represents
each bar in a barcode with a different voltage. The combination of these signals is converted to a digital signal,
which is then converted in the unique manifestation of that barcode’s information.
Conclusion
We were not having these facilities earlier. This has made many people’s life easier with almost 100%
accuracy. Phone detect everything from motion, ambient lighting, temperature, humidity, proximity, phone
positioning with the help of these sensors .This list will keep growing as smartphones continue to get more
advanced.
Reference
https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/various-smartphone-sensors/
https://www.gotechtor.com/smartphone-sensors/
https://medium.com/jay-tillu/mobile-sensors-the-components-that-make-our-smartphones-smarter/
NAME-SUNIDHI PERIWAL
REGISTRATION NO.-210953360