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Appc 1.6 Packet

The document covers polynomial functions and their end behaviors, focusing on how the left and right sides of polynomial graphs behave as x approaches negative or positive infinity. It explains the significance of the leading term's degree and coefficient in determining the end behavior, providing examples and limit notation for various polynomial functions. Additionally, it includes practice problems for describing end behavior and sketching corresponding graphs.

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10 views4 pages

Appc 1.6 Packet

The document covers polynomial functions and their end behaviors, focusing on how the left and right sides of polynomial graphs behave as x approaches negative or positive infinity. It explains the significance of the leading term's degree and coefficient in determining the end behavior, providing examples and limit notation for various polynomial functions. Additionally, it includes practice problems for describing end behavior and sketching corresponding graphs.

Uploaded by

rejar74424
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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AP Precalc 1.6 Polynomial Functions and 1.

6 Notes
Write your questions
and thoughts here! End Behavior
Today’s lesson focuses on the shape of polynomial graphs and how to describe their end
behaviors.

The “left” and “right” side of a polynomial function graph will either go “up” or “down”.

The Left Side The Right Side


The 𝑥 values are The 𝑥 values are
approaching negative approaching positive
infinity. The notation is: infinity. The notation is:
𝐥𝐢𝐦 𝒑 𝒙 𝐥𝐢𝐦 𝒑 𝒙
𝒙→
𝒙→

As the 𝑥-values approach negative infinity or positive infinity, do the 𝑦-values get larger or
smaller? (Does the left side of the graph go up or down?) The following chart is how we
describe the end behavior with fancy mathematical notation.

Left side Right side

Up 𝐥𝐢𝐦 𝒑 𝒙 ∞ 𝐥𝐢𝐦 𝒑 𝒙 ∞
𝒙→ 𝒙→

Down 𝐥𝐢𝐦 𝒑 𝒙 ∞ 𝐥𝐢𝐦 𝒑 𝒙 ∞


𝒙→ 𝒙→

1. Use the graph of 𝑓 𝑥 , shown to the right, and describe its end 𝒇 𝒙
behavior using limit notation.

2. Using the axis to the right, draw an example of a polynomial


function that matches the statements lim 𝑝 𝑥 ∞ and
→
lim 𝑝 𝑥 ∞.
→

© The Algebros from FlippedMath.com


Write your questions
and thoughts here! You don’t need a graph to describe the end behaviors of a polynomial function. You only need
to recognize the _______________________.

The leading term contains the variable with the largest exponent. As 𝑥 → ∞ or 𝑥 → ∞, this
leading term dominates all the other smaller terms. We don’t need to worry about the smaller
terms. In other words…

𝑝 𝑥 7𝑥 4𝑥 8𝑥 𝑥 3𝑥 9𝑥 10

If the leading term has an _________ degree, the left and right side will behave the _______.
Left side Right side
𝑥→ ∞ 𝑥→∞

EVEN degree and


positive leading
coefficient
𝑝 𝑥 𝑥 𝐥𝐢𝐦 𝒑 𝒙 ∞ 𝐥𝐢𝐦 𝒑 𝒙 ∞
𝒙→ 𝒙→

EVEN degree and


negative leading
coefficient
𝑝 𝑥 𝑥
𝐥𝐢𝐦 𝒑 𝒙 ∞ 𝐥𝐢𝐦 𝒑 𝒙 ∞
𝒙→ 𝒙→

If the leading term has an ________ degree, the left and right side will behave the _________.
Left side Right side
𝑥→ ∞ 𝑥→∞

ODD degree and


positive leading
coefficient
𝑝 𝑥 𝑥 𝐥𝐢𝐦 𝒑 𝒙 ∞ 𝐥𝐢𝐦 𝒑 𝒙 ∞
𝒙→ 𝒙→

ODD degree and


negative leading
coefficient
𝑝 𝑥 𝑥
𝐥𝐢𝐦 𝒑 𝒙 ∞ 𝐥𝐢𝐦 𝒑 𝒙 ∞
𝒙→ 𝒙→

© The Algebros from FlippedMath.com


Write your questions Describe the end behavior of each polynomial function using limit notation.
and thoughts here!
3. 𝑝 𝑥 𝑥 𝑥 𝑥 4. 𝑝 𝑥 6𝑥 𝑥 1 5. 𝑝 𝑥 3𝑥 𝑥 𝑥 2

1.6 Polynomial Functions and End Behavior


AP Precalculus
1.6 Practice
Describe the end behavior of each function using limit notation.
1. 𝑔 𝑥 4𝑥 3𝑥 𝑥 2. 𝑝 𝑥 7𝑥 3𝑥 3𝑥 4 3. 𝑓 𝑥 7𝑥 8𝑥 6

4. 𝑔 𝑥 3𝑥 5𝑥 2𝑥 6 5. 𝑓 𝑥 𝑥 4𝑥 3 6. 𝑝 𝑥 8𝑥 3𝑥 10

7. 𝑝 𝑥 6𝑥 𝑥 5𝑥 4 8. 𝑓 𝑥 3𝑥 8𝑥 11

9. y 10. y 11. y
𝒇 𝒙 𝒈 𝒙 𝒉 𝒙

© The Algebros from FlippedMath.com


Sketch the graph of a polynomial function that could match each statement.
12. lim 𝑝 𝑥 ∞ and 13. lim 𝑝 𝑥 ∞ and 14. lim 𝑝 𝑥 ∞ and
→ → →
lim 𝑝 𝑥 ∞ lim 𝑝 𝑥 ∞ lim 𝑝 𝑥 ∞
→ → →

1.6 Polynomial Functions and End Behavior 1.6 Test Prep

15. The following polynomial function 𝑓 is given by 𝑓 𝑥 7𝑥 2𝑥 4. Which of the following statements about
the end behavior of 𝑓 is true?

(A) The sign of the leading term of 𝑓 is positive, and the degree of the leading term of 𝑓 is even; therefore,
lim 𝑓 𝑥 ∞ and lim 𝑓 𝑥 ∞.
→ →

(B) The sign of the leading term of 𝑓 is negative, and the degree of the leading term of 𝑓 is odd; therefore,
lim 𝑓 𝑥 ∞ and lim 𝑓 𝑥 ∞.
→ →

(C) The sign of the leading term of 𝑓 is positive, and the degree of the leading term of 𝑓 is odd; therefore,
lim 𝑓 𝑥 ∞ and lim 𝑓 𝑥 ∞.
→ →

(D) The sign of the leading term of 𝑓 is negative, and the degree of the leading term of 𝑓 is even; therefore,
lim 𝑓 𝑥 ∞ and lim 𝑓 𝑥 ∞.
→ →

© The Algebros from FlippedMath.com

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