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Lecture 03 (Riveted Joints)

The document discusses the design and analysis of riveted joints, particularly focusing on a double riveted lap joint with specific dimensions and ultimate stresses. It includes calculations for the minimum force required to rupture the joint and the actual stresses developed under a given factor of safety. Additionally, it outlines assumptions in designing boiler joints and provides examples for designing longitudinal and circumferential lap joints for boilers under specified working pressures.

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Muneem Ali Yousuf
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13 views38 pages

Lecture 03 (Riveted Joints)

The document discusses the design and analysis of riveted joints, particularly focusing on a double riveted lap joint with specific dimensions and ultimate stresses. It includes calculations for the minimum force required to rupture the joint and the actual stresses developed under a given factor of safety. Additionally, it outlines assumptions in designing boiler joints and provides examples for designing longitudinal and circumferential lap joints for boilers under specified working pressures.

Uploaded by

Muneem Ali Yousuf
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Machine Design – I

Code: ME- 216


Credit Hours: 2

Lecture
Rivets and Riveted joints

Dr. Muhammad Imran


Mechanical Engineering Department
University of Engineering & Technology
Taxila
Problem

A double riveted lap joint is made between 15 mm thick plates.


The rivet diameter and pitch are 25 mm and 75 mm
respectively. If the ultimate stresses are 400 MPa in tension,
320 MPa in shear and 640 MPa in crushing, find the minimum
force per pitch which will rupture the joint.
If the above joint is subjected to a load such that the factor of
safety is 4, find out the actual stresses developed in the plates
and the rivets.
Solution of the Problem
Given Data: t = 15 mm ; d = 25 mm ; p = 75 mm ;
σtu = 400 MPa = 400 N/mm2 ; u = 320 MPa = 320 N/mm2 ;
σcu = 640 MPa = 640 N/mm2

Minimum force per pitch which will rupture the joint


Since the ultimate stresses are given, therefore we shall
find the ultimate values of the resistances of the joint.
We know that ultimate tearing resistance of the plate per
pitch,
Ptu = (p – d)t × tu = (75 – 25)15 × 400 = 300 000 N
Ultimate shearing resistance of the rivets per pitch,
Solution of the Problem
Ultimate crushing resistance of the rivets per pitch,
Pcu = n × d × t × cu = 2 × 25 × 15 × 640 = 480 000 N
From above we see that the minimum force per pitch which
will rupture the joint is 300 000 N or 300 kN. Ans.
Actual stresses produced in the plates and rivets
Since the factor of safety is 4, therefore safe load per pitch
length of the joint = 300 000/4 = 75 000 N
Let ta, a and ca be the actual tearing, shearing and crushing
stresses produced with a safe load of 75 000 N in tearing,
shearing and crushing.
We know that actual tearing resistance of the plates (Pta),
75 000 = ( p – d ) t × ta
= (75 – 25)15 × ta = 750 ta
ta = 75 000 / 750 = 100 N/mm2 = 100 MPa Ans.
Solution of the Problem
Actual shearing resistance of the rivets (Psa),

and actual crushing resistance of the rivets (Pca),

σca = 75000 / 750 = 100 N/mm2 = 100 MPa Ans.


DESIGN OF BOILER JOINTS

TYPES OF BOILER JOINTS

1. LONGITUDINAL BUTT JOINT

2. CIRCUMFERENTIAL LAP JOINT


DESIGN OF BOILER JOINTS
Assumptions in Designing Boiler Joints

1. The load on the joint is equally shared by all the rivets. The
assumption implies that the shell and plate are rigid and that
all the deformation of the joint takes place in the rivets
themselves.
2. The tensile stress is equally distributed over the section of
metal between the rivets.
3. The shearing stress in all the rivets is uniform.
4. The crushing stress is uniform.
5. There is no bending stress in the rivets.
6. The holes into which the rivets are driven do not weaken the
member.
7. The rivet fills the hole after it is driven.
8. The friction between the surfaces of the plate is neglected.
DESIGN OF LONGITUDINAL BUTT JOINT FOR
BOILER

▪ The thickness of the boiler shell should not be less


than 7 mm.
▪ The F.O.S should not be less than 4.
DESIGN OF LONGITUDINAL BUTT JOINT FOR
BOILER
DESIGN OF LONGITUDINAL BUTT JOINT FOR
BOILER
DESIGN OF LONGITUDINAL BUTT JOINT FOR
BOILER
STEP 4 TRANSVERSE PITCH/BACK PITCH

CASE I:

CASE 2:

CASE 3:
DESIGN OF LONGITUDINAL BUTT JOINT FOR
BOILER
DESIGN OF LONGITUDINAL BUTT JOINT FOR
BOILER

Recommended Joints for Pressure Vessels


Example. Design a double riveted butt joint with two cover plates for the
longitudinal seam of a boiler shell 1.5 m in diameter subjected to a steam pressure
of 0.95 N/mm2. Assume joint efficiency as 75%, allowable tensile stress in the
plate 90 MPa ; compressive stress 140 MPa ; and shear stress in the rivet 56 MPa.
Since the efficiency of the designed joint is equal to the given
efficiency of 75%, therefore the design is satisfactory.
Example. Design the longitudinal joint for a 1.25 m diameter steam boiler to
carry a steam pressure of 2.5 N/mm2. The ultimate strength of the boiler
plate may be assumed as 420 MPa, crushing strength as 650 MPa and shear
strength as 300 MPa. Take the joint efficiency as 80%. Sketch the joint with
all the dimensions. Adopt the suitable factor of safety.
DESIGN OF CIRCUMFERENTIAL LAP JOINT FOR
BOILER
DESIGN OF CIRCUMFERENTIAL LAP JOINT FOR
BOILER
DESIGN OF CIRCUMFERENTIAL LAP JOINT FOR
BOILER
DESIGN OF CIRCUMFERENTIAL LAP JOINT FOR
BOILER
DESIGN OF CIRCUMFERENTIAL LAP JOINT FOR
BOILER
DESIGN OF CIRCUMFERENTIAL LAP JOINT FOR
BOILER
STEP 6: DISTANCE BETWEEN ROWS OF RIVETS
DESIGN OF CIRCUMFERENTIAL LAP JOINT FOR
BOILER
Example. A steam boiler is to be designed for a working pressure of 2.5
N/mm2 with its inside diameter 1.6 m. Give the design calculations for the
longitudinal and circumferential joints for the following working stresses for
steel plates and rivets :
In tension = 75 MPa ; In shear = 60 MPa; In crushing = 125 MPa.
Draw the joints to a suitable scale.

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