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Memory Units and Storage

The document provides an overview of memory, detailing its types, including primary (RAM and ROM) and secondary memory. It also explains various units of memory storage, from bits to yottabytes, highlighting their capacities and typical applications. Each unit is defined with its abbreviation and a comparison to binary equivalents.

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PRANAY KUMAR PATRA
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9 views15 pages

Memory Units and Storage

The document provides an overview of memory, detailing its types, including primary (RAM and ROM) and secondary memory. It also explains various units of memory storage, from bits to yottabytes, highlighting their capacities and typical applications. Each unit is defined with its abbreviation and a comparison to binary equivalents.

Uploaded by

PRANAY KUMAR PATRA
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Memory
 Memory is basically a device that has the capacity to
store information. A memory unit is the amount of
data that the memory can hold. Besides, we measure
this storage capacity in terms of bytes. Moreover, there
are different units of memory as per the requirement.
Before studying the units of memory let us know about
the memory.

2
Parts of Memory
 Primary Memory
 This is the internal memory that stores the data and
instructions of the CPU. It is volatile in nature (data is
lost when the power is disconnected).
The primary memory has two types:
1. RAM (Random Access Memory)
 As per the name, data can be accessed randomly and
quickly.
2. ROM (Read Only Memory)
 As per the name, we can only read data and cannot
write (store) to it. 3
Secondary Memory
 As we know that the primary memory is volatile
therefore, we need some devices to store the data
permanently so we use some external storage devices
for this purpose which we name as the secondary
memory. Some examples: CD, DVD, etc.

4
Units of Memory
The storage capacity of the memory is expressed in
various units of memory. These are as follows:
Bit
 A microprocessor uses binary digits 0 and 1 to decide
the OFF and ON state respectively, of various circuits.
Furthermore, a bit is the smallest unit of
representation in the binary language.
Nibble
 A nibble is a collection of 4 bits.

5
Byte
 A byte is the representation of a group of 8 bits.
Moreover, a byte is a unit that expresses any word,
symbol, or character in the computer language.
Besides, computer memory is always in terms of
multiples of bytes.

6
Kilobyte
 It is the most common unit of memory which is the
smallest of all. But, it is greater than the byte.
 The abbreviation for kilobytes is ‘KB’.
 It contains 1000 bytes. Besides, it is synonyms to
kibibytes which contain 1024 (2^10) bytes.
 Usually measures the size of text documents, graphics
of websites, individual files, etc.

7
Megabyte
 The abbreviation for megabyte is ‘MB’.
 It contains 1000,000 bytes. Besides, it is synonyms to
mebibytes which contains 1048576 (2^20) bytes.
 Mogabytes usually measure the size of large files. For
example high-resolution images, songs, storage of
compact disks, etc.

8
Gigabyte
 The abbreviation for the gigabyte is ‘GB’ or ‘gigs’.
 It contains 1000,000,000 bytes. Besides, it is synonyms
to gibibytes which contain 1073741824 (2^30) bytes.
 Gigabytes usually measure the capacity of storage
devices.

9
Terabyte
 The abbreviation for terabytes is ‘TB’.
 It contains one trillion bytes. Besides, it is synonyms to
tebibytes which contains 2^40 bytes.
 Terabytes usually measure the capacity of large storage
devices, for example, HDDs (Hard Disk Drives).

10
Petabyte
 The abbreviation for petabyte is ‘PB’.
 It contains 10^15 bytes. Besides, it is synonyms to
pebibytes which contains 2^50 bytes.
 Petabytes usually measure the total data storage in
large networks or server farms. For example, the data
in Google or Facebook data servers is around more
than 10 PBs.

11
Exabyte
 The abbreviation for exabyte is ‘EB’.
 It contains 10^18 bytes. Besides, it is synonyms to
exbibytes which contains 2^60 bytes.
 The exabyte unit is so large that it does not even
measure the storage of large cloud servers. Rather, it
can be used to measure the amount of data transfer
over the internet for a certain time limit.

12
Zettabyte
 The abbreviation for zettabyte is ‘ZB’.
 It contains 10^21 bytes. Besides, it is synonyms to
zebibytes which contains 2^70 bytes.
 It can measure a huge amount of data. In fact, the
whole data in the world is just a few zettabytes.

13
Yottabyte
 The abbreviation for yottabyte is ‘YB’.
 It contains 10^24 zettabytes. Besides, it is synonyms to
yobibytes which contains 2^80 bytes.
 It is a tremendously huge unit of measurement.
Therefore, it has no practical use.

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