Jkbose Study Material

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 1. CHARGES & ELECTRIC FIELD 2. POTENTIAL & CAPACITANCE
Long Answer Type Long Answer Type
1. State the law which helps in finding electrostatic forces between 1. Derive an expression for the potential of an electric dipole?
two charges. Express the law in vector form. Hence define 2. Derive an expression for the capacitance of a parallel plate
dielectric constant of a medium. capacitor field with dielectric Slab.
2. Define electric field intensity at a point. Derive an expression for Short Answer Type
the electric field intensity at any point on the axial line or 3. What is meant by equipotential surface? Give two properties of
equatorial line of an electric dipole. an equipotential surface.
3. State Gauss' theorem/law in electrostatics. 4. Find the energy stored in a capacitor. Using it, find the energy
a) Using Gauss' law, prove that the electric field at a point due density of a parallel plate capacitor.
to uniformly charged infinite plane sheet is independent of 5. Derive the Expression for Potential Energy of Dipole in Electric
the distance from it? Field?
b) Derive, using Gauss' theorem, an expression for the electric Very Short Answer Type
field of an infinitely long line of charge 6. Define electric potential & Potential difference between two
c) Using Gauss' theorem, derive an expression for electric points in an electric field.
field due to a uniformly charged spherical shell of radius R 7. Name the physical quantity whose SI unit is joule coulomb -1. Is
(i) at a point outside the shell (ii) on the surface of the shell it a scalar or a vector?
and (iii) at a point inside the shell. 8. Illustrate a condition in which electric field is zero but potential
Plot a graph showing the variation of electric field as a is not zero.
function of r 9. On what factors does the capacitance of a parallel plate depend?
Short Answer Type 10. Explain the effect of introducing a dielectric slab between the
4. In Coulomb's law, on what factors the value of electrostatic force plates of a parallel plate capacitor on its capacitance
constant k depends?
5. Why do the electrostatic field lines not form closed loops?
6. No two electric field lines can intersect each other. Why?
3. CURRENT ELECTRICITY
7. Derive an expression for the torque experienced by an electric Long Answer Type

dipole placed in uniform electric field. Hence define electric 1. State and deduce Ohm's law. From this law, define the resistance

dipole moment. of a conductor.

8. What is electric flux? Write its SI unit. Or

Very Short Answer Type State Ohm's law and derive the relation J = GE

9. What kind of charges are produced on each when 2. Explain Kirchhoff's laws of electric circuits and using these laws

(i) a glass rod is rubbed with silk and (ii) derive Wheatstone bridge principle.

an ebonite rod is rubbed with wool? Short Answer Type

10. What is quantization of charge? 3. Define electric current. Give SI unit of current and define it.

11. Name two basic properties of electric charge What is the direction of electric current in the circuit? Is current

12. Define dielectric constant of a medium a scalar or a vector quantity?

13. Define one coulomb of charge / Define S.I. unit of charge. 4. Define e.m.f. of a cell. What is the difference between e.m.f. and

14. Define electric field at a point. terminal potential difference of. a cell? Derive an expression

15. Define electric field intensity. relating e.m.f. and potential difference

16. Is electric field intensity a vector or a scalar quantity 5. The emf of a cell is always greater than its terminal voltage.

17. State SI unit of electric field intensity Why? Give reason

18. What is an electric dipole? 6. Define the terms drift velocity and derive an expression for it.

19. Define electric dipole moment. OR

20. What is the SI unit of electric dipole moment? Find the relation between drift velocity and relaxation time of
charge carriers in a conductor
7. Define the term drift velocity and drive an expression for it. Also
establish the relation between current and drift velocity.
8. Define internal resistance of a cell. On what factors does it
depend?
 9. An automobile engine starts easily on a warm day than on a Long Answer Type
chilly day. Why? 8. Derive an expression for the force acting on a current carrying
10. How does the resistivity of (i) a conductor and (ii) a conductor placed in a uniform magnetic field. Name the rule
semiconductor vary with temperature? Give reason for each case which gives the direction of the force. Write the condition for
11. Define Electrical Energy & Electrical Power ? which this force will have (i) maximum, (i) minimum value.
Very Short Answer Type Short Answer Type
12. Define the term current density. 9. Is there a force exerted by a magnetic field on a stationary
13. What is the SI unit of current density? charge? Explain.
14. Is current density a scalar or a vector quantity 10. In equation F = q (V x B), which pairs are always perpendicular?
15. How does the drift velocity of electrons in a metallic conductor Which may have any angle between them
vary with increased temperature? Very Short Answer Type
16. When a potential difference is applied across the ends of a 11. When does a charged particle moving in a magnetic field
conductor, how is the drift velocity of the electrons related to the experience no force?
relaxation time 12. Does a magnetic field exert a force on a moving charge, in the
17. State Ohm's law. same direction as the direction of the field itself?
18. On what factors does the resistance of the conductor depend? 13. Define unit of magnetic intensity in SI.
19. Define the resistivity (i.e. specific resistance) of a material.
20. On what factors resistivity of a material depend? Long Answer Type
21. Is Ohm's law a universal law? Support your answer with 14. A charged particle moves at right angles to the magnetic field.
examples. What is the nature of the path followed by the particle?
22. Is the temperature coefficient of resistance always positive? OR
23. Out of metals and alloys, which has higher value of temperature What will be the path of a charged particle moving perpendicular
coefficient of resistance? to uniform magnetic field ?
24. What is the basis of the junction law?
Or Very Short Answer Type
State the basic fact on which Kirchhoff's first law is Based 15. What is the path followed by a charged particle when it moves at
25. What is the basis of the loop law? an angle (other than 0°, 90° or 180°) to the magnetic field?
16. When a charged particle moves in a magnetic field, its kinetic
4. MAGNETIC EFFECTS AND MAGNETISM energy remains the same. Explain why?

Long Answer Type Long Answer Type

1. State Biot-Savart's law for the magnetic field produced at a point 17. Derive an expression for the force experienced by a current

due to a current element. How will you find the direction of the carrying conductor in a magnetic field. Using it find the force

magnetic field? Define S.I. unit of magnetic field and give its between two parallel current carrying wires.

dimensional formula.
2. State Biot-Savart's law. Derive expression for magnetic field at Explain, how a galvanometer can be converted into

the centre of circular coil of n-turns carrying current I. (a) voltmeter (b) ammeter of the required range.

3. With the help of it derive an expression for the magnetic field at Short Answer Type

any point on the axis of a current carrying loop. 18. Define the terms: current sensitivity and voltage sensitivity of a

Very Short Answer Type galvanometer.

4. Give expression for Biot-Savart's law in vector form. Very Short Answer Type

5. What do you mean by current element? What is its significance? 19. Define magnetic dipole moment of a current loop.

Short Answer Type 20. What is SI unit of magnetic dipole moment

6. State Ampere's circuital law. Use this law to find magnetic field 21. State the principle of a moving coil galvanometer.

due to straight infinite current carrying wire. How are the

magnetic field lines different from the electrostatic field lines? Very Short Answer Type

7. 'Biot-Savart's law and Ampere's Circuital law are two 22. Define dipole moment. Give relation for it.

independent laws'. Comment. 23. Can two magnetic field lines intersect each other?
24. Magnetic field lines always form closed loops.
25.
Short Answer Type INDUCTIVE & CAPACITIVE REACTANCE
26. What are magnetic lines of force? State their properties. Why two Short Answer Type
such lines do not cross each other? 1. Explain the term 'inductive reactance'.
2. Show graphically the variation of inductive reactance with
Long Answer Type frequency of applied alternating voltage.
27. Derive an expression for magnetic field intensity at a point on 3. ⁠Explain the term capacitive reactance. Show graphically the
the equatorial line of a bar magnet. variation of capacitive reactance with frequency of applied
28. Define magnetic field intensity and derive an expression for it at alternating voltage.
a point on the axial line of a magnetic dipole. 4. What is meant by capacitance reactance? What is the capacitive
29. What are Dia, para and ferromagnetic materials? Discuss their reactance of a capacitor used in a circuit having d.c. e.m.f.?
important properties. 5. Explain. 4. ⁠Capacitor blocks d.c. Why
5. EMI & AC OR

FARADAYS & LENZ’S LAW Explain why a capacitor blocks d.c. and allows a.c. to pass

Very Short Answer Type through it

1. Define magnetic flux 6. D.C. can flow easily through inductor but a.c. cannot pass easily.

2. ⁠Define the unit of magnetic flux. Explain

3. ⁠Write SI unit of magnetic flux. 7. ⁠Prove that high frequency a.c. can pass through a pure capacitor

4. Is magnetic flux a scalar or a vector quantity easily but not through a pure inductor.

5. Write down the dimensional formula of magnetic flux Series LCR Circuit

Short Answer Type Short Answer Type

6. State Faraday’s laws of electromagnetic induction and explain 1. Define the impedance of an a.c. circuit?

three methods of producing induced e.m.f. Long Answer Type

Long Answer Type 2. What is impedance of an electric circuit? Derive an expression

7. State and explain Lenz’s Law. How will you verify it for impedance of an a.c. L.C.R. series circuit. Also find the

experimentally? Show that this law is in accordance with expression for resonant frequency. ⁠Define resonant frequency of

principle of conservation of energy. LCR-series circuit.

Short Answer Type

MOTIONAL EMF, SELF & MUTUAL INDUCTION 3. ⁠State the condition under which the phenomenon of resonance

Long Answer Type occurs in a series LCR circuit. Plot a graph showing the variation

8. ⁠What is motional e.m.f. Derive an expression for the motional of current with frequency of a.c. source in a series LCR circuit.

e.m.f. induced across the ends of a conductor of length l moving Short Answer Type

with velocity v perpendicular to the direction of uniform 4. Explain sharpness of resonance & Quality Factor.

magnetic field. Average Power & Power Factor

Short Answer Type Long Answer Type

9. State and explain phenomenon of self-induction. Define 1. Derive an expression for average power in LCR series circuit
coefficient of self-induction and SI unit of self-inductance. connected to A.C. supply hence define power factor
10. ⁠Define mutual induction and mutual inductance. On what factors Very Short Answer Type
mutual inductance of a pair of coil depends? 2. ⁠Show that an ideal capacitor does not dissipate power in an a.c.
AVERAGE & RMS VALUE OF AC circuit.
Long Answer Type 3. An ideal inductor consumes no electric power in an a.c. circuit.
1. Derive the relations for average and r.m.s. value of AC Explain. ⁠
Short Answer Type 4. What is wattless current?
2. Explain why the mean or average value of a.c. over a complete 5. What is power consumed in a purely inductive a.c. circuit?
cycle is zero? Transformer
3. ⁠Which is more dangerous in use, a.c. or d.c. ? Explain why? 1. What is a transformer? Describe the principle and working of a
transformer. Establish the relation between voltage and current
in primary and secondary coils. Why is the core of the
transformer laminated
 6. RAY OPTICS 19. ⁠Draw the ray diagram showing refraction of light through a glass prism
and hence obtain the relation between the refractive index u of the prism,
REFLECTION AT CURVED SURFACES
angle of prism and angle of minimum deviation.
Long Answer Type
Very Short Answer Type
1. With the help of a suitable ray diagram, derive the mirror formula for a
20. What is the angle of minimum deviation?
concave mirror.
21. ⁠How does the ray pass through the prism in the position of minimum
Very Short Answer Type
deviation?
2. Define linear magnification. Derive an expression for linear
22. How does the angle of minimum deviation of a glass prism vary, if the
magnification produced by a concave mirror and by a convex mirror.
incident violet light is replaced by red light? Give reason
Short Answer Type
3. Which mirror is a convergent mirror? What type of image is formed by
OPTICAL INSTRUMENTS

it? Can the virtual image be screened or photographed? Long Answer Type

4. If you were driving a car, what type of mirror would you prefer to use 23. Draw the course of rays through a compound microscope for the

for observing traffic at your back and why? formation of a magnified image. What do you mean by magnifying
power of a microscope? Obtain an expression for its magnifying power.
REFRACTION
Very Short Answer Type
Very Short Answer Type
24. What is the type of final image formed by a compound microscope?
5. What do you mean by refraction of light?
Long Answer Type
6. Which of the followings does not change during the refraction of light:
25. Explain the construction and working of an Astronomical telescope.
Wavelength, frequency or velocity of light
Define magnifying power of an astronomical telescope
Short Answer Type
a) ⁠Derive the expression for its magnifying power in normal
7. Define absolute refractive index and relative refractive index of a
adjustment.
medium.
b) Derive a relation for it, when image is formed at least distance of
8. Can absolute refractive index of any material be less than one? Why
distinct vision.
TOTAL INTERNAL REFLECTION
7. WAVE OPTICS
Long Answer Type
9. What is the total internal reflection? What are the conditions under which 1. Define Wavefront and what are various types of wavefronts

this takes place? Discuss two important applications of this phenomenon. 2. State Huygens Principle and derive laws of reflection and refraction from

Short Answer Type Huygens principle

10. What is critical angle? How is it related to refractive index? 3. Define interference and obtain the expression for fringe width in YDSE

REFRACTION AT CURVED SURFACES 4. Define Diffraction of light

Long Answer Type 8. DUAL NATURE

11. ⁠By stating the sign-convention and assumptions used, derive the relation 1. Define photoelectric effect.
between distance of object, distance of image and radius of curvature of 2. Define work function and give its units.
a convex spherical surface when refraction takes place from optically
3. What is cut-off or threshold frequency?
denser to optically rarer medium (image formed real).
4. Define threshold wavelength
12. ⁠Derive Lens maker's formula for a convex lens.
5. What is photoelectric effect? Explain how the photoelectric effect can
13. What is lens formula? Derive the lens formula in case of a convex lens.
14. ⁠Draw a ray diagram to show the image formation by the combination of
be studied in the laboratory.

two thin convex lenses in contact. Obtain the expression for the power of What is the effect of (i) intensity (ii) frequency of incident light on
this combination in terms of the focal lengths of lens. photo-electric current? Explain.
Short Answer Type 6. Define the terms threshold frequency and stopping potential in relation
15. If the wavelength of incident light on convex lens is increased, how will to the phenomenon of photoelectric effect. How is the photoelectric
the focal length change?
current affected on increasing the
16. A thin converging lens has focal length f, when illuminated by violet
(i) frequency (ii) intensity of the incident radiations and
light. State with reason, how the focal length of the lens will change, if
why?
violet light is replaced by red light.
17. What is the power of a lens? What is one dioptre?
7. What is photoelectric effect? State its laws and derive these laws from
Einstein's photo-electric equation.
PRISM 8. If the frequency of the incident radiation on the cathode of a photocell
Long Answer Type is doubled, how the following
18. . ⁠Show that in case of prism A + $ = i + e, where symbols have their usual change;
meanings. How is this relation modified when angle of deviation is equal (a) kinetic energy of the electrons
to the angle of minimum deviation?
(b) photoelectric current
(c.) Stopping potential justify your answer
9. What is stopping potential? 10. SEMICONDUCTORS
10. If the intensity of incident radiation in a photocell is increased, how does 1. Distinguish between Insulators, Semiconductors and Conductors
the- stopping potential vary? on the Basis of Band theory?
11. If the intensity of incident radiation on a photocell is decreased, how 2. Explain the formation of PN junction Diode and define Diffusion
does the stopping potential vary? and Drift Current
12. What is the effect of decrease in wavelength of incident light on the 3. Explain the Biasing of PN junction Diode (Forward & Reverse
velocity of photo electrons? Biasing)
13. If intensity of radiation falling on metal surface is doubled, what 4. Explain the working of Half Wave and Full Wave Rectifier
happens to KE. of electron emitted?
14. Define electron volt give value of 1ev 11. EM WAVES
15. What is a photon? State its properties. Very Short Answer Type
16. What do you mean by dual nature of matter? 1. What is electromagnetic spectrum
17. What is de-Broglie wave? Derive an expression for de-Broglie 2. ⁠What are different parts of electromagnetic spectrum?
wavelength of a photon. 3. ⁠Write the following radiations in an ascending order in respect
18. Derive an expression for de-Broglie wavelength of an electron moving of their frequencies :X-rays, micro-waves, ultraviolet waves and
under a potential difference of V radio waves.
9. ATOMS AND NUCLEI 4. ⁠What is the frequency range of radio waves?
Long Answer Type 5. ⁠What is wavelength range of radio waves?
1. On the basis of Bohr's atomic model, derive relations of radii of 6. ⁠What are microwaves? Give their one use.
Bohr's orbit and explain hydrogen spectrum. Short Answer Type
2. Draw the graph showing the variation of binding energy per 1. Microwaves are used in Radar. Why
nucleon with mass number. Write down two main inferences 2. ⁠Give two uses of each of the following: (i) Gamma rays (ii) Infra-
from the graph. red rays (iii) Ultraviolet radiations.
Short Answer Type 3. ⁠What are IR rays? Give two uses for the same.
4. On the basis of Bohr's postulates, derive an expression for orbital 4. ⁠What are UV rays? Give their two uses.
velocity of an electron in nth stationary orbit of hydrogen atom.
5. Write three characteristic properties of nuclear force.
6. Why nuclei have mass less than the sum of the masses of the
individual nucleons in them?
7. Distinguish between isotopes and isobars. Give examples in each
case
8. Show that nuclear density is independent of mass number.
Very Short Answer Type
11. What would happen, if the electrons in an atom were stationary?
12. Name the series of hydrogen spectrum lying in ultraviolet and
visible region.
13. Name the series of hydrogen spectrum which has least
wavelength.
14. Define atomic mass unit (u).
15. What do you understand by mass defect?
16. What is the binding energy per nucleon of the most stable
nucleus?