MUHANGA DISTRICT

SECOND TERM EXAMINATION

ACADEMIC YEAR: 2023/2024

SUBJECT : PHYSICS
PAPER II : THEORY
CLASS : S6
COMBINATIONS : MATHEMATICS-PHYSICS-GEOGRAPHY. (MPG)
: MATHEMATICS-PHYSICS-COMPUTER SCIENCE. (MPC)
: PHYSICS-CHEMISTRY-BIOLOGY. (PCB)
: PHYSICS-CHEMISTRY-MATHEMATICS. (PCM)
Duration : 3 hours
Instructions
 This paper consists of two sections: A and B.
 SECTION A: Multiple Choice Questions. [55 marks]
 SECTION B: Structural Questions. [45 marks]
 Write your names clearly on the answer paper, do the same in the case of additional
papers.
 The use of non-programmable calculators and other geometrical instruments are not
prohibited.
Use only a blue or a black pen.
SECTION A: ATTEMPT ALL QUESTIONS (55marks)

1. a)complete the following sentences by using elementary particles

(i) one family of boson with integer spin (1) are called ………….which acts as force
carriers in the theory
(ii) two fermions of spin (1/2) are called ……………..and ………… (3marks)

b) . In …………..transmission, the carrier signals modulation modulated so that its amplitude

varies with the changing amplitude amplitudes of the modulating signal: A. AM, B. FM.
C. PM, D. none of them (1mark)

2. Choose the correct answer

As a radiator, the black body emits the maximum possible thermal radiation
 (a) at the constant single wavelength
(b) at all possible wavelength
(c) at a maximum wavelength
(d) none of the above (1mark)
3. the long term storage of carbon dioxide at the surface of the earth is named as
(a) black body radiation
(b) thermal expansion
(c) solar radiation
(d) sequestration (1mark)
4. Indicate TRUE if the statement is correct and false if it is wrong.
(a) water vapor is very important in predicting weather.
(b) Temperature is a reason why atmosphere is more dense close to the earth’s surface
(c) Agro physics plays an important role in limitation of hazards to agricultural objects and
environment (3marks)

5. Matching column A with column B

Column A Column
1. Tsunamis cause damage by two a. Indicate that the energy of the
mechanism explosion does not easily generate the
kind of deep, all ocean waveform. Most
of energy creates steam and
compression waveforms
2. Tidal waves b. The smashing force of a wall of water
travelling at high speed, and the
destructive power of a large volume of
water draining off the land and
transport a large amount of debris of
fragment with it even with waves that
do not appear to be large
3. The analysis of the effect of tsunami c. Displacement of volume or
perturbation of the sea usually
 attributed to either Earthquake,
landslide, volcanic eruption, …
4. Impact of tsunami d. A series of water body caused by the
displacement of large volume of water
with a very long wavelength hundreds
of kilometer
5. Causes of tsunami e. Are produced by the gravitational pull
of the moon and the sun rather than the
displacement of water
6. Tsunami’s definition f. Unfortunately the end product of this
are displacement of people, structural
damage through destruction of people’s
properties

(6marks)

6. Choose the correct answer

Black holes are best described as:

a) Space fillers, b) holes

c) A place in space where gravity pulls so much even light can't get out

d) Gravity bombs (1mark)

7. One of the most obvious features of the HR diagram is called the main sequence. Where
does it appear in the diagram?

a) Running vertically in the middle of the diagram

b) Running diagonally from the upper left corner to the lower right corner
c) Running horizontally in the middle of the diagram
d) Running diagonally from the lower left corner to the upper right corner (1mark)

8. elementary particles which are made of one quark and one antiquark are called
 A. proton
B. neutrons
C. baryons
D. meson
E. lepton (1mark)
9.( a). Propose any one impact of greenhouse effect on climate (1marks)
(b) The sun emits maximum radiation of wavelength 475x10-9m.
Assuming the sun to be a black body, use Wien’s law of black body radiation to find the
surface temperature of the sun [Wien’s constant b= 2.9x10-3mK] (2marks)
10.A photo cell is connected in series with a direct current supply a micro ammeter

(a) Sketch a labeled circuit using these components and indicate the positive and negative
terminals of supply and the ammeter (1mark)
(b) Explain why the arrangement would not work if the supply were connected in the wrong
way(2marks)

11. (a) what do you understand by

(i) Thermionic emission (ii) cathode rays (2marks)

b) List 4 main properties of cathode rays (2marks)

c) An electron of energy 10Kev enters midway between two horizontal metal plates each of
length 5.0cm and separated by a distance of 2cm. a potential difference of 200V applied across
the plates. A fluorescent screen is placed 20cm beyond the plates. Calculate the vertical
deflection of the electron on the screen (3marks)

12. The energy of the ground state of the mercury atom is E1= -10.4Ev on a scale in which an
electron completely free of the atom is at zero energy

(a) Determine the energy corresponding to the second excited state (1marks)
(b) Calculate the ionization potential of the mercury (2marks)
13. In the figure below, AB is a uniform wire of length 1.2 m and resistance 8 W. A driver cell of
e.m.f. 3V and internal resistance 1W is driving a current Ip as shown. Calculate the e.m.f. of
the cell Ex if the balance length is 66.5 cm.
 (3marks)

14.(a) Distinguish between interference and diffraction of light (2marks)

(b) in young double slits experiment for interference of light with slits separation a= 1mm and
distant from the slits to the screen by 2m, between the centers of (n+15)th bright fringes located
in the same side from the central fringe is 2.1cm.

Calculate the value of interfering and the abscissa of 8th dark fringe on the right of the screen
(3marks)

15. Analyze the diagram below and answer the following questions

(a) What does the acronym RF mean?

(b) Name the components X and Y
(c) What is the role of the modulator? (3marks)

16. In a mass spectrometer fig below the masses of ions are determined from their deflections in
a magnetic field. Suppose that singly charged ions of chlorine are shot perpendicularly into a
magnetic field B= 0.15T with a speed of 5x104m/s (velocity selection). Chlorine has two major
isotopes, of mass 34.97u and 36.97 u. what would be the radii of the circular paths described by
the two isotopes in the magnetic field?
 (3marks)

17.(a)According to the classification of elementary particles by mass. Complete the following

figure

(2marks)

b) State two differences between a proton and a positron. (2marks)

c) Find the baryon number, charge, and strangeness for the following quark combinations,
and identify the hadrons particle that is made up of these quark combinations:
udd u ū
(i) , (ii) (3marks)

SECTION B. ATTEMPT ANY THREE QUESTIONS OF YOUR CHOICE

18. a)A guitar string has a total length of 90cm and a mass of 3.6 g. From the bridge to the nut
there is a distance of 60cm and the string has a tension of 520N. Calculate the fundamental
frequency and the first two harmonics. /6Marks

b) Show that the frequency of the fundamental note produced in an open pipe is inversely
proportional to the length of pipe. /3Marks
c) How will the frequency of the note emitted by an organ pipe be affected by the rise in
temperature? /6Marks

19. Suppose that you are elected as Mayor of District, Propose a plan for climate change
mitigation in your District. /15Marks

20. a) What do you understand by the term mechanical weathering? /2Marks

b) Mechanical weathering has always negative effects. Debate on this statement. /13Marks

21. a)Explain stages of development of Tsunami. /5Marks

b) In the 5th population and housing census (2022), it has been reported that the total
population of Rwanda is 13, 246,394 With 503 people on 1 square kilometre. It is expected
that in 2052, there will be 23, 558, 616 people with 894 people per 1 kilometre square.
Discuss the impact of this population growth on landslide. What advice can you recommend
to the government of Rwanda in order to reduce that impact. /10Marks

22. (a) (i) State the difference between annihilation and pair production. /4Marks

(ii) A narrow beam of protons and positrons travelling at the same speed enters a uniform
magnetic field. The path of the positrons through the field is shown in Figure below. Redraw
this figure and show the path you would expect the protons to take. /3Marks

(iii) Explain why protons take a different path to that of the positrons. /4Marks

b) A positron with kinetic energy 2.2 MeV and an electron at rest annihilate each other.
Calculate the average energy of each of the two gamma photons produced as a result of this
annihilation./4Marks

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