SENTENCE

STRUCTURE
Group 2

MEMBERS
-Aboy, Richelle -Aquino, Jhon Martin -Angeles, Raina Luisa -Ballesteros, Chrislee Angel
-Coronel, Patricia Ann -Dela Peña, Paola Joy -Dungca, Cindy -Elijeno, Mariel
 INTRODUCTION
Sentence structure refers to the way words and phrases are
arranged to create meaningful sentences. Understanding
sentence structure is essential for clear communication in
both spoken and written English.
 PART OF A SENTENCE
A basic sentence has two main parts:
Subject – who or what the sentence is about
Predicate – what the subject does or is

Example:
The cat (subject) slept on the mat (predicate).
 IMPORTANCE
For clear, effective communication in, both writing and speaking.

1. Clarity and Comprehension: Proper sentence structure ensures that the

relationships between ideas are clear and logical.

2. Style and Flow: Varying sentence structure can create a more engaging and
rhythmic reading experience.
 IMPORTANCE
3. Effective Communication: Sentence structure is essential for conveying
complex ideas in a clear and concise manner.

4. Learning and Development: Understanding sentence structure is crucial for

developing strong reading and writing comprehension skills.
TYPES OF SENTENCE STRUCTURE
1.SIMPLE SENTENCE

A simple sentence is a sentence that contains one independent clause. It has

a subject and a predicate, and it expresses a complete thought.
Key Characteristics:
Only one subject-verb combination
No dependent or subordinate clauses
Can have compound subjects or compound verbs, but still just one independent
clause
Examples:
1. She runs every morning.
2. The dog barked.
3. John and Mary play chess. (compound subject)
4. He jumped and shouted. (compound verb) Structure Formula: Subject + Verb +
Object/Complement (optional)
Common Mistakes:
Thinking a sentence is simple just because it's short a simple sentence can be long,
as long as it has only one independent clause.
Example: “The tall boy with curly hair and a red backpack ran quickly to catch the bus.”

Why It Matters:
Convey clear, direct information Add variety in writing alongside compound
and complex sentences
TYPES OF SENTENCE STRUCTURE
2.COMPOUND SENTENCE
A compound sentence is a grammatical structure that connects two or
more independent clauses—each a complete thought with its own subject
and verb—into a single sentence. These clauses are typically joined using
coordinating conjunctions, semicolons, or conjunctive adverbs.
Key Characteristics
Independent Clauses: Each clause can stand alone as a sentence.
Coordinating Conjunctions: - remembered by the acronym FANBOYS.
Semicolons: Used to link closely related independent clauses without a conjunction.
Conjunctive Adverbs: Words like however, therefore, and meanwhile can also
connect clauses when preceded by a semicolon and followed by a comma.
Examples:
1. "I wanted to go hiking, but it started raining."
2. "She studied hard; she passed the exam with distinction."
3. "I enjoy reading novels; however, I don't have much free time.
TYPES OF SENTENCE STRUCTURE
3. COMPLEX SENTENCE
A complex sentence is a type of sentence that contains:
- One independent clause
- One or more dependent clauses
 Independent Clause:
This is a complete thought that has a subject and a verb and can stand alone as a
sentence.
Example: She passed the exam.

Dependent Clause:
This has a subject and verb but cannot stand alone as a complete sentence. It
begins with a subordinating conjunction like because, although, since, if, etc.
Example: Because she studied hard
 Subordinating Conjunctions:
These are words that connect the dependent clause to the
independent clause.
Time: after, before, when, while, Condition: If, unless, provided that
until "If you work hard, you will succeed."
"After the show ended, we went home."
Contrast or Concession: although,
Cause or Reason: because, since, as even though, though, while
"I stayed home because I was sick." "Although it rained, they continued the
game.”
Examples of Complex Sentences:
1. Because the internet was down, I couldn't
submit the assignment. Why Use Complex Sentences?
Dependent: Because the internet was down
Independent: I couldn't submit the assignment They show the relationship between ideas
(cause-effect, contrast, condition).
2. Although he is tired, he keeps working.
Dependent: Although he is tired They make your writing more advanced
Independent: He keeps working and professional.

3. We will go to the beach if the weather is nice. They add depth and clarity to your
Dependent: If the weather is nice communication.
Independent: We will go to the beach
TYPES OF SENTENCE STRUCTURE
4. COMPOUND-COMPLEX SENTENCE
A compound-complex sentence is a sentence containing one or more
dependent clauses and two or more independent clauses joined by a
conjunction or semicolon. An independent clause comprises a subject and
verb and is a complete thought. A dependent clause is an incomplete
thought that would not be a full sentence on its own (it’s also referred to as
a subordinate clause).
 Compound-complex sentence structures often result in longer and more involved
sentences.

EXAMPLES OF COMPOUND-COMPLEX SENTENCE STRUCTURES:

1.Although he was tired, John finished his report; he knew the deadline was approaching fast.
2.Even though Barry was in love with her, he was unable to express himself; it was no surprise she
left him.
3. She aced the exam because she had studied diligently, but she still worried about the results.
4. Because the weather was uncooperative, we decided to stay indoors, and we played board
games all afternoon.
5. If you finish your chores, you can go out with your friends, or you can watch a movie at home.
 COMMON SENTENCE ERROR
Sentence Fragments: A fragment is an incomplete sentence that
typically lacks either a subject or a verb. A fragment may also occur when a
dependent clause stands alone without being correctly connected to an
independent clause.
Run-on Sentences: Run-on sentences happen when two or more
independent clauses are improperly linked together without the appropriate
punctuation.
Comma Splice: A comma splice occurs when two independent clauses are
incorrectly joined by only a comma.
Example:
From: alex@gmail.com
To: james@gmail.com
Subject: Update on Project Timeline

Dear Mr. James,

I hope this email finds you well. I just wanted to give you a quick update on the project timeline. The revised schedule
pushed back the launch date. Because of unexpected delays in the testing phase.

We completed the initial testing it went well and we are moving to the next stage we hope to be on track by next week.

I have spoken with the development team, they are confident we can meet the new deadline.

Please feel free to reach out if you have any questions or require further details.

Sincerely,
Alex
Phone: 0945 345 9873
Email: alex@gmail.com
CONCLUSION
A understanding of sentence structure is fundamental to
mastering both writing and speaking communication. It not only
ensures that messages are delivered clearly and logically, but
also improves the overall quality, flow, and effectiveness of the
communication. Each sentence type serves a distinct purpose
and contributes to different aspects of expression.
Simple sentences are the building blocks of clear communication. They present one
independent clause with a single, complete idea, making them ideal for delivering direct
and straightforward information. Despite their simplicity, they can be expanded with
compound subjects or verbs without losing their clarity.

Compound sentences allow writers and speakers to connect two or more related
independent clauses, creating more dynamic and balanced statements. By using
coordinating conjunctions (FANBOYS), semicolons, or conjunctive adverbs, compound
sentences express multiple thoughts that hold equal importance, improving the rhythm
and depth of writing.
Complex sentences enhance clarity by showing relationships between ideas, such as
cause and effect, contrast, or condition. They combine one independent clause with one or
more dependent clauses, using subordinating conjunctions like "because," "although," or "if."
This structure helps in explaining reasoning, context, or background, making the message
more complete and thoughtful.

Compound-complex sentences bring together the benefits of both compound and

complex structures. By including multiple independent clauses and at least one dependent
clause, they allow for the communication of layered, sophisticated ideas within a single
sentence. This is particularly useful in formal writing, reports, or any context requiring a
nuanced explanation.
THANK YOU