Scribd
Upload
41 views13 pages

Algebra Class Notes 5

The document is a comprehensive resource on algebra for grades 4-6, covering fundamental concepts, vocabulary, and problem-solving techniques. It includes sections on expressions, equations, inequalities, graphing, and real-life applications of algebra. Additionally, it provides practice problems and an answer key for self-assessment.

Uploaded by

sellingconcept1
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
41 views13 pages

Algebra Class Notes 5

The document is a comprehensive resource on algebra for grades 4-6, covering fundamental concepts, vocabulary, and problem-solving techniques. It includes sections on expressions, equations, inequalities, graphing, and real-life applications of algebra. Additionally, it provides practice problems and an answer key for self-assessment.

Uploaded by

sellingconcept1
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 13

Comprehensive Algebra Notes

(Grades 4–6 and Beyond)


A 10-page learning resource covering core algebra concepts, examples, and practice
questions.
1. What Is Algebra?
Algebra is a branch of mathematics that uses symbols (usually letters) to represent
unknown numbers or values. These symbols allow us to create general rules and solve
problems without specifying every number.
The word “algebra” comes from the Arabic “al-jabr,” meaning “reunion of broken parts.” It
was first formalized by the Persian mathematician Al-Khwarizmi around 820 CE.
2. Key Vocabulary & Symbols
• Variable: A symbol (often x or y) that stands for an unknown value.
• Constant: A specific, fixed number (e.g., 5, –2).
• Coefficient: The number multiplied by a variable (in 4x, 4 is the coefficient).
• Expression: A combination of numbers, variables, and operations (e.g., 3x + 2).
• Equation: A statement that two expressions are equal (e.g., 3x + 2 = 11).
• Inequality: Shows that two expressions are not necessarily equal, using <, >, ≤, or ≥.
3. Building & Evaluating Algebraic Expressions
An algebraic expression consists of terms separated by + or – signs. Each term may include
a variable, a coefficient, and/or a constant.
Like Terms: Terms that have the same variable raised to the same power (e.g., 2x and 5x).
Simplifying: Combine like terms and apply the distributive property (a(b + c) = ab + ac).
Example: Simplify 4(2x + 3) – x. Solution: 8x + 12 – x = 7x + 12.
4. Operations on Expressions
Addition/Subtraction: Combine like terms. Example: 6y – 2y + 3 = 4y + 3.
Multiplication: Use the distributive property. Example: 3x(2x – 4) = 6x² – 12x.
Division: Split each term. Example: (6x + 9) ÷ 3 = 2x + 3.
5. Solving One-Step and Two-Step Equations
Goal: Isolate the variable on one side of the equation.
One-Step Example: x + 7 = 12 ⇒ x = 12 – 7 ⇒ x = 5.
Two-Step Example: 3x – 4 = 17 ⇒ 3x = 21 ⇒ x = 21 ÷ 3 ⇒ x = 7.
6. Word Problems & Translating to Equations
Identify the unknown, assign a variable, translate words to math symbols, and solve.
Example: “Seven more than twice a number is 19.” Let n = the number. 2n + 7 = 19 ⇒ 2n =
12 ⇒ n = 6.
7. Inequalities & Their Graphs
Solve inequalities like equations, but reverse the inequality sign when multiplying or
dividing by a negative number.
Example: –2x + 5 > 1 ⇒ –2x > –4 ⇒ x < 2. (Note the sign flip.)
Graph solutions on a number line using open (◯) or closed (●) circles.
8. Coordinate Plane & Graphing Linear Equations
The coordinate plane has an x-axis (horizontal) and y-axis (vertical). Each point is an
ordered pair (x, y).
Slope-Intercept Form: y = mx + b, where m = slope and b = y-intercept.
Example: y = 2x – 3 has slope 2 and crosses the y-axis at –3.
9. Patterns, Sequences, & Functions
Arithmetic Sequence: Numbers increase/decrease by the same amount (common
difference).
Geometric Sequence: Each term is multiplied by the same factor (common ratio).
Function: A relation where each input has exactly one output. Function table shows input–
output pairs.
10. Real-Life Applications of Algebra
Budgeting: Calculate savings after monthly expenses.
Cooking: Adjust recipes for different numbers of servings.
Sports: Predict scores or player statistics.
Science: Convert units and solve formulas (e.g., F = 9/5 C + 32).
11. Practice Problems
A) Simplify: 5x – 2(x – 3).
B) Solve: 4y + 7 = 31.
C) Graph y = –x + 4 on a coordinate plane.
D) If a rectangle’s length is (x + 3) cm and width is (x – 1) cm, write an expression for its
area.
12. Answer Key (Selected)
A) 5x – 2x + 6 = 3x + 6.
B) 4y = 24 ⇒ y = 6.
C) Straight line with slope –1 and y-intercept 4.
D) Area = (x + 3)(x – 1) = x² + 2x – 3.

You might also like

pFad - Phonifier reborn

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


Alternative Proxies:

Alternative Proxy

pFad Proxy

pFad v3 Proxy

pFad v4 Proxy