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Foreign Policy of Pakistan Short Notes

Pakistan's foreign policy is shaped by national security, economic interests, and Islamic solidarity, guided by constitutional principles and historical evolution from 1947 to present. Key bilateral relations include strategic ties with China, ongoing conflicts with India, and complex dynamics with the US and Afghanistan. Recent trends emphasize geo-economics, regional trade, and a need for a balanced, pragmatic diplomatic approach.

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4 views2 pages

Foreign Policy of Pakistan Short Notes

Pakistan's foreign policy is shaped by national security, economic interests, and Islamic solidarity, guided by constitutional principles and historical evolution from 1947 to present. Key bilateral relations include strategic ties with China, ongoing conflicts with India, and complex dynamics with the US and Afghanistan. Recent trends emphasize geo-economics, regional trade, and a need for a balanced, pragmatic diplomatic approach.

Uploaded by

Saad7547
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Foreign Policy of Pakistan - Short Notes

1. Introduction:
- Foreign policy: strategies in relations with other nations.
- Influenced by geopolitics, economy, history, and security.

2. Objectives:
- National security.
- Economic interests.
- Islamic solidarity.
- Non-alignment & peace.
- Support for self-determination (e.g., Kashmir, Palestine).

3. Guiding Principles:
- Constitution (Article 40): Peace, sovereignty, anti-aggression.
- UN Charter: Peace and sovereignty.
- Islamic ideology: Support for Muslim world.

4. Historical Evolution:
a. 1947-1953: Recognition, Kashmir at UN, Muslim world focus.
b. 1954-1965: US alliances (SEATO, CENTO), military aid.
c. 1965-1979: Shift to China, Islamic bloc after wars.
d. 1979-1989: Afghan War, US ally, aid, refugee crisis.
e. 1990s: Post-Cold War, nuclear tests, regional diplomacy.
f. 2001-2010: War on Terror, US ally, internal security issues.
g. 2011-Now: CPEC with China, balanced diplomacy.

5. Major Bilateral Relations:


- China: Strategic, CPEC, defense.
- India: Kashmir dispute, wars, low diplomacy.
- US: Aid & suspicion, counter-terrorism.
- Afghanistan: Border, refugees, Taliban.
- Russia: Energy, defense, warmer ties.
- Middle East: Saudi-UAE support, remittances, Iran balance.

6. International Organizations:
- UN: Active, Kashmir issue.
- OIC: Muslim solidarity.
- SAARC: Regional bloc, India-Pakistan tensions.
- SCO: Regional diplomacy with China, Russia.

7. Key Challenges:
- India conflict (Kashmir).
- Economic aid dependency.
- Extremism image.
- Balancing ties: China, US, Gulf.
- Afghan instability.

8. Recent Trends:
- Geo-economics over geo-politics.
- Regional trade, connectivity.
- Diplomatic diversification.
- Climate and tech diplomacy.

9. Conclusion:
- Shift to pragmatic, balanced, economy-focused diplomacy.
- Need for long-term strategic vision.

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