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Pakistan Foreign Policy Objectives Guide

Pakistan's foreign policy objectives focus on safeguarding national security, promoting economic development, and fostering Islamic unity. The country aims to maintain friendly relations with all nations while supporting global Muslim causes and pursuing strategic autonomy. Key challenges include over-reliance on military solutions, political instability, and limited influence in global affairs.

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3 views4 pages

Pakistan Foreign Policy Objectives Guide

Pakistan's foreign policy objectives focus on safeguarding national security, promoting economic development, and fostering Islamic unity. The country aims to maintain friendly relations with all nations while supporting global Muslim causes and pursuing strategic autonomy. Key challenges include over-reliance on military solutions, political instability, and limited influence in global affairs.

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infoc4x
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Objectives of Pakistan’s Foreign Policy – Critical & Contextual Guide

1. Safeguarding National Security & Sovereignty


🔍 Why it matters:
Pakistan is in a sensitive geopolitical region surrounded by India, Afghanistan, Iran, and
China. Its main concern has been military security—especially due to its tense relationship
with India and the Kashmir conflict.

📌 Strengths:

 ✔️Nuclear deterrence since 1998 gives strategic balance.


 ✔️Military alliances (with China, earlier with U.S.) provide security support.
 ✔️Strong intelligence and counter-terror operations in recent years.

❌ Weaknesses:

 ✖️Over-militarization of policy limits diplomatic tools.


 ✖️India-Pakistan tensions keep resources focused on defense, not development.
 ✖️Security threats from within (terrorism) damage global image.

📚 Case Study:
Pulwama-Balakot Crisis (2019): After an attack in Pulwama, India carried out airstrikes in
Balakot. Pakistan responded militarily and diplomatically, showing defense capability and
restraint to avoid full war.

📌 Way Forward:
Adopt comprehensive national security—include economy, diplomacy, and public
resilience, not just military strength.

2. Economic Development and Self-Reliance


🔍 Why it matters:
Pakistan’s economy heavily depends on external aid, remittances, and IMF support. Foreign
policy is now focused on trade, investment, and infrastructure development.

📌 Strengths:

 ✔️CPEC is bringing infrastructure and energy investment.


 ✔️Economic ties growing with Gulf states, China, and Turkey.

❌ Weaknesses:

 ✖️Over-reliance on loans, not enough on exports and industry.


 ✖️Poor global competitiveness.
 ✖️Political instability scares investors.
📚 Case Study:
China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC): A $62+ billion investment project under BRI to
develop infrastructure, ports, and energy. It shows how foreign policy can fuel growth.

📌 Way Forward:
Shift from aid to trade. Improve governance, legal framework, and energy stability to attract
sustainable investment.

3. Islamic Unity and Muslim World Leadership


🔍 Why it matters:
Pakistan sees itself as a guardian of Islamic values and aims to promote unity among
Muslim countries, support Muslim causes, and lead morally.

📌 Strengths:

 ✔️Active in OIC and UN on issues like Palestine and Kashmir.


 ✔️Strong religious diplomacy with Saudi Arabia, Turkey, Iran.

❌ Weaknesses:

 ✖️Lack of unity in Muslim world (e.g. Saudi-Iran rivalry).


 ✖️Pakistan’s silence on issues like Uyghurs weakens its credibility.
 ✖️Over-idealistic; realpolitik often undermines religious solidarity.

📚 Case Study:
OIC Summit on Kashmir (2021): Pakistan lobbied the OIC to support Kashmiris after India’s
revocation of Article 370. Symbolic success, but limited practical outcome.

📌 Way Forward:
Strengthen ideological consistency and avoid selective advocacy. Bridge gaps between
Muslim nations diplomatically.

4. Friendly Relations with All Nations


🔍 Why it matters:
Global peace and cooperation are key for Pakistan’s trade, investment, and diplomacy. It
aims to avoid conflict and promote peaceful co-existence.

📌 Strengths:

 ✔️Good relations with China, Turkey, Gulf countries, and Central Asia.
 ✔️Active in multilateral groups like UN, SCO, ECO.

❌ Weaknesses:

 ✖️Broken ties with India and tense relations with Afghanistan.


 ✖️Past issues (terror allegations) hurt relations with West.
 ✖️Internal instability affects diplomatic credibility.
📚 Case Study:
Pakistan-Turkey Strategic Partnership: Strong cooperation in defense, trade, and cultural
exchanges, showing friendship beyond immediate neighborhood.

📌 Way Forward:
Diversify friendships, normalize ties with India & Afghanistan through soft diplomacy, and
boost regional trade to reduce isolation.

5. Supporting Muslim Causes Globally


🔍 Why it matters:
As an Islamic republic, Pakistan consistently raises voice for oppressed Muslims globally—
especially Palestinians, Kashmiris, and Rohingyas.

📌 Strengths:

 ✔️Regularly raises Kashmir and Palestine at UN, OIC.


 ✔️Active diplomatic statements against Islamophobia.

❌ Weaknesses:

 ✖️Limited influence—cannot translate moral stance into global action.


 ✖️Selective activism weakens credibility (e.g., silence on Uyghurs in China).

📚 Case Study:
Pakistan’s Campaign Against Islamophobia at the UN (2022): Helped pass a resolution
marking March 15 as the International Day to Combat Islamophobia.

📌 Way Forward:
Use public diplomacy, think tanks, and alliances with like-minded states to turn moral
advocacy into policy impact.

6. Strategic Autonomy / Non-Alignment


🔍 Why it matters:
Pakistan avoids becoming a pawn in global power rivalries (e.g., U.S.-China, Saudi-Iran). It
tries to keep independent foreign relations with all major powers.

📌 Strengths:

 ✔️Balanced ties with China, U.S., Russia, and Gulf states.


 ✔️Flexibility to shift alliances based on national interest.

❌ Weaknesses:

 ✖️High external debt reduces autonomy.


 ✖️Pressure from IMF, FATF, and major powers limits independence.
 ✖️Internal divisions hurt diplomatic coherence.
📚 Case Study:
Balancing U.S.-China Ties: Pakistan continues military and intelligence cooperation with the
U.S., while deepening strategic investment with China through CPEC.

📌 Way Forward:
Strengthen domestic economy and institutions to reduce dependency. Maintain a flexible
yet principled foreign policy.

7. Regional & Global Peace Participation


🔍 Why it matters:
Peace ensures stability, trade, and development. Pakistan wants to contribute to peace
globally (UN) and regionally (South Asia).

📌 Strengths:

 ✔️One of the largest contributors to UN peacekeeping.


 ✔️Advocates peaceful resolution of Kashmir and Afghan conflicts.

❌ Weaknesses:

 ✖️Accusations of past support to militant groups (especially post-9/11).


 ✖️Internal extremism damages peace image.
 ✖️Limited influence over regional powerhouses like India.

📚 Case Study:
UN Peacekeeping Missions: Pakistan has deployed thousands of troops in missions in
Congo, Liberia, Somalia, and Sudan—showing global peace contribution.

📌 Way Forward:
Rebrand Pakistan as a peace-builder, not a security threat. Enhance regional diplomacy,
people-to-people ties, and peace-focused think tanks.

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