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Nano

This document introduces nanotechnology and provides an overview of the key concepts. It defines nanotechnology as the ability to control and manipulate matter at the nanoscale of 1 to 100 nanometers to exploit new properties and functions. The document describes the top-down and bottom-up approaches to nanotechnology and discusses how techniques like atomic force microscopes can be used to manipulate atoms. Potential applications of nanotechnology discussed include faster computers that use single atoms to represent data, medical advances in cancer treatment and drug delivery, and stronger yet lighter materials.

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Mainak De
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144 views47 pages

Nano

This document introduces nanotechnology and provides an overview of the key concepts. It defines nanotechnology as the ability to control and manipulate matter at the nanoscale of 1 to 100 nanometers to exploit new properties and functions. The document describes the top-down and bottom-up approaches to nanotechnology and discusses how techniques like atomic force microscopes can be used to manipulate atoms. Potential applications of nanotechnology discussed include faster computers that use single atoms to represent data, medical advances in cancer treatment and drug delivery, and stronger yet lighter materials.

Uploaded by

Mainak De
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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INTRODUCTION TO NANOTECHNOLOGY

BY LT CDR V PRAVIN GUIDED BY DR D SAMANTA

NANOTECHNOLOGY

THE REVOLUTION OF ENDLESS POSSIBILITIES

CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION NANOTECHNOLOGY BASICS SALIENT FEATURES WORKING PRINCIPLE APPROACH, CONCEPTS & STRUCTURE APPLICATIONS

CONCLUSION

Richard P. Feynman

FEYNMAN
There is a plenty of room at the bottom

The principles of physics do not speak against the possibility of maneuvering things atom by atom

SO WHAT IS IT?
Anything smaller than Molecular technology
Size of nanoscale Every atom in the right place Zettatechnology

SO WHAT IS IT?
Nanotechnology is basically mechanisms that have been built by nanoscale components using to place every atom and molecule in a desired place

Extending
MNT NSE Molecular Nano Technology Nano Scale Engineering

MMT Molecular Manufacturing Technology MMS Molecular Machine System

IN NUTSHELL
LIFE SCIENCE PHYSICAL SCIENCE MATERIAL SCIENCE INFORMATION SCIENCE

NANOTECHNOLOGY BASICS

UNDERSTANDING SIZE
How big (small) are we talking about?

UNDERSTANDING SIZE
1 meter

UNDERSTANDING SIZE
10 centimeters

UNDERSTANDING SIZE
1 centimeter

UNDERSTANDING SIZE
100 micrometers

UNDERSTANDING SIZE
10 micrometers

UNDERSTANDING SIZE
1 micrometer

UNDERSTANDING SIZE
100 nanometers

UNDERSTANDING SIZE
10 nanometers

UNDERSTANDING SIZE
1 nanometer

NANOMETER..(nm)
A nanometer is one billionth of a meter (10-9 m). This is roughly ten times the size of an individual atom.

SALIENT FEATURES

SALIENT FEATURES
At atomic and molecular scales, in the length scale of approximately 1 - 100 nanometer range Fundamentally new properties and functions because of their nanoscale structure

SALIENT FEATURES
Ability to control , to see, measure, and manipulate matter on the atomic scale to exploit those properties and functions
Ability to integrate those properties and functions into systems spanning from nanoto macro-scopic scales

WORKING OF NANOTECHNOLOGY

How does Nanotechnology work?


1.Atoms are the building blocks for all matter in our universe. 2. Atoms and molecules stick together because they have complementary shapes that lock together, or charges that attract. Just like with magnets, a positively charged atom will stick to a negatively charged atom.

3. Every atom has a exhibits different property at various conditions 4. The goal of nanotechnology is to manipulate atoms individually and place them in a pattern to produce a desired structure.

APPROACHES..
Two approaches can be taken when making something at the nano scale: Top-Down approach Bottom-Up approach

TOP DOWN APPROACH


The top-down approach is analogous to making a stone statue. The process involves wastage. Used in fibres Seldom used in MNT

BOTTOM UP APPROACH
Approach one would take to building a house Less wastage, as strong covalent bonds will hold the constituent parts together. Limited in how big the structures can be made Approach used currently

MANIPULATION
Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) Scanning Tunneling Microscope (STM) Virtual Surface Profiling Microscope (VSPM)

CONCEPTS
Direct Molecular Assembly (DMA) Indirect Crystalline Assembly (ICA) Massive Parallel Assembly (MPA)

STRUCTURE
Nano composites Nano spheres Nano crystals Nano tubes & Quantum dots

OBSTACLES
Fragile and unstable nature of nanoparticles Fusing together of nano particles when their surfaces touch Loss of special shape and properties

APPLICATIONS

COMPUTERS

Single atom can be in two places, hence 03 atoms can represent all eight nos at a given time. Extrapolation of the above fact . Each logic elements made from a few atoms Mass storage device in size of a sugar cube

COMPUTERS
Tiny nano-engineered ferroelectric crystals could realize of creating nonvolatile random access memory (NVRAM). Cool chips

MEDICINE
Fluids of nano particles Slow down ageing process No scar surgeries Artificial limbs

MEDICINE
Cancer and HIV Nano filters- capable of absorbing viruses Nano catalyst improves efficiency of a reaction.

Applications Contd
Agriculture Space Military Telecommunication

Applications Contd..
Sports Energy Environment ..

FEAR
Nuclear and atomic bombs can have different dimensions Cloning and miniaturization Nano medicine- worrying factor!

CONCLUSION
Improvements and developments in existing products, such as stronger and lighter materials. Potential to initiate completely new products and industries that do not exist today

CONCLUSION

BIG FUTURE FOR THE TINY TECHNOLOGY

In the end......
As the size decreases...computer will compute faster, materials will be more stronger, medicine will cure more diseases. The technology that works at the nanometer scale of molecules and atom will be a large part of this future.

REFERENCES
Springer handbook of nanotechnology http://peterindia.net/nanotechnology http://microcosm.web.cern.ch. http://nanotoxicology.ufl.edu http://nanotech-now.com http://nanobot.info

THE NEXT BIG THING IS REALLY SMALL

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