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CH 8-5 Adding and Subtracting Polynomials

1) Algebra tiles can model polynomials using square tiles of different sizes to represent terms with exponents of 0, 1, and 2. 2) The document demonstrates using algebra tiles to add the polynomials x2 + 4x + 2 and 2x2 - 3x - 1 by grouping like terms. 3) The sum of the polynomials modeled with algebra tiles is 3x2 + x + 1.

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418 views13 pages

CH 8-5 Adding and Subtracting Polynomials

1) Algebra tiles can model polynomials using square tiles of different sizes to represent terms with exponents of 0, 1, and 2. 2) The document demonstrates using algebra tiles to add the polynomials x2 + 4x + 2 and 2x2 - 3x - 1 by grouping like terms. 3) The sum of the polynomials modeled with algebra tiles is 3x2 + x + 1.

Uploaded by

412137
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MODELING ADDITION OF POLYNOMIALS

Algebra tiles can be used to model polynomials.

+ 1

+
x

+
x2

x 2

These 1-by-1 square tiles have an area of 1 square unit.

These 1-by-x rectangular tiles have an area of x square units.

These x-by-x rectangular tiles have an area of x 2 square units.

MODELING ADDITION OF POLYNOMIALS


You can use algebra tiles to add the polynomials x 2 + 4x + 2 and 2 x 2 3x 1. Form the polynomials x 2 + 4x + 2 and 2 x 2 3x 1 with algebra tiles. x2 + + + + 4x + + + + 2 +

2 x2 + +

3x

MODELING ADDITION OF POLYNOMIALS


You can use algebra tiles to add the polynomials x 2 + 4x + 2 and 2 x 2 3x 1.

To add the polynomials, combine like terms. Group the x 2-tiles, the x-tiles, and the 1-tiles. x 2 + 4x + 2 + + + + + + + + 2x 2 3x 1

+ + + + + + +

=
+

MODELING ADDITION OF POLYNOMIALS


You can use algebra tiles to add the polynomials x 2 + 4x + 2 and 2 x 2 3x 1.

To add the polynomials, combine like terms. Group the x 2-tiles, the x-tiles, and the 1-tiles.
2 + 4x + 2 x Find and remove the zero pairs. +

2x 2 3x 1

+
2+x + sum is + 3x+ + + 1. + The

+ + + + + + +

=
+

Adding and Subtracting Polynomials


An expression which is the sum of terms of the form a x k where k is a nonnegative integer is a polynomial. Polynomials are usually written in standard form.

Standard form means that the terms of the polynomial are placed in descending order, from largest degree to smallest degree.
Polynomial in standard form:

2 x 3 + 5x 2 4 x + 7
Leading coefficient Degree Constant term

The degree of each term of a polynomial is the exponent of the variable. The degree of a polynomial is the largest degree of its terms. When a polynomial is written in standard form, the coefficient of the first term is the leading coefficient.

Classifying Polynomials
A polynomial with only one term is called a monomial. A polynomial with two terms is called a binomial. A polynomial with three terms is called a trinomial. Identify the following polynomials:

Polynomial 6 2 x 3x + 1 x 2 + 2 x 5 4x 3 8x 2 x 4 7x 3 5x + 1

Degree 0 1 1 2 3 4

Classified by degree constant linear linear quadratic cubic quartic

Classified by number of terms monomial monomial binomial trinomial binomial polynomial

Adding Polynomials
Find the sum. Write the answer in standard format.

(5x 3 x + 2 x 2 + 7) + (3x 2 + 7 4 x) + (4x 2 8 x 3) SOLUTION Vertical format: Write each expression in standard form. Align like terms. 5x 3 + 2 x 2 x + 7 3x 2 4 x + 7
3 2 + x + 4x

4x 3 + 9x 2 5x + 6

Adding Polynomials
Find the sum. Write the answer in standard format.

(2 x 2 + x 5) + (x + x 2 + 6) SOLUTION Horizontal format: Add like terms. (2 x 2 + x 5) + (x + x 2 + 6) = (2 x 2 + x 2) + (x + x) + (5 + 6) = 3x 2 + 2 x + 1

Subtracting Polynomials
Find the difference.

(2 x 3 + 5x 2 x + 8) (2 x 2 + 3x 4) SOLUTION Use a vertical format. To subtract, you add the opposite. This means you multiply each term in the subtracted polynomial by 1 and add. 2 x 3 + 5x 2 x + 8 2 x 3 + 3x 4
No change Add the opposite

2 x 3 + 5x 2 x + 8 + 2 x3 3x + 4

Subtracting Polynomials
Find the difference.

(2 x 3 + 5x 2 x + 8) (2 x 2 + 3x 4) SOLUTION Use a vertical format. To subtract, you add the opposite. This means you multiply each term in the subtracted polynomial by 1 and add. 2 x 3 + 5x 2 x + 8 2 x 3 + 3x 4 2 x 3 + 5x 2 x + 8 + 2 x3 3x + 4 5x 2 4x + 12

Subtracting Polynomials
Find the difference.

(3x 2 5x + 3) (2 x 2 x 4) SOLUTION Use a horizontal format. (3x 2 5x + 3) (2 x 2 x 4) = (3x 2 5x + 3) + (1)(2 x 2 x 4) = (3x 2 5x + 3) 2 x 2 + x + 4 = (3x 2 2 x 2) + ( 5x + x) + (3 + 4) = x 2 4x + 7

Using Polynomials in Real Life


You are enlarging a 5-inch by 7-inch photo by a scale factor of x and mounting it on a mat. You want the mat to be twice as wide as the enlarged photo and 2 inches less than twice as high as the enlarged photo.

Write a model for the area of the mat around the photograph as a function of the scale factor. SOLUTION
Verbal Model

Use a verbal model. Area of mat = Total Area Area of photo 14x 2

7x 5x 10x

Labels

Area of mat = A
Total Area = (10x)(14x 2) Area of photo = (5x)(7x)

(square inches)
(square inches) (square inches)

Using Polynomials in Real Life


You are enlarging a 5-inch by 7-inch photo by a scale factor of x and mounting it on a mat. You want the mat to be twice as wide as the enlarged photo and 2 inches less than twice as high as the enlarged photo.

Write a model for the area of the mat around the photograph as a function of the scale factor. SOLUTION

14x 2

Algebraic Model

A = (10x)(14x 2) (5x)(7x) = 140x 2 20x 35x 2 = 105x 2 20x 5x 10x

7x

A model for the area of the mat around the photograph as a function of the scale factor x is A = 105x 2 20x.

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