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Math9 Q2 Week1 - Variation 1

This document discusses different types of variations: - Direct variation means two quantities increase or decrease proportionally, represented by y = kx - Inverse variation means two quantities change inversely proportionally, represented by y = k/x - Joint variation means one quantity varies directly with the product of two or more other quantities - Combined variation means a quantity varies directly with some variables and inversely with others Examples are provided to illustrate each type of variation. Determining which type of variation a relationship represents involves analyzing how the variables change in relation to one another.

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537 views26 pages

Math9 Q2 Week1 - Variation 1

This document discusses different types of variations: - Direct variation means two quantities increase or decrease proportionally, represented by y = kx - Inverse variation means two quantities change inversely proportionally, represented by y = k/x - Joint variation means one quantity varies directly with the product of two or more other quantities - Combined variation means a quantity varies directly with some variables and inversely with others Examples are provided to illustrate each type of variation. Determining which type of variation a relationship represents involves analyzing how the variables change in relation to one another.

Uploaded by

Ryan Acosta
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Variations

Illustrate Situations that Involve


Direct, Inverse, Joint, and
Combined Variations
Direct Variation or Direct Proportion:

•  
Direct variation is a relationship between two
quantities, x and y, where, as x increases y also
increases or as y decreases, x also decreases and
the ratio between them is constant or the same
for all given values of the variables. So, if y varies
directly as x, then we say y = kx or and k is
called the constant of variation.
Example 1

Which shows direct variation?


a) The time (t) required to perform the given amount of
work to the number of persons (p) working.
b) The circumference ( C ) of a circle to its diameter (d).
Answer

a) When the number of persons working on a certain


amount of work increases, the time for them to finish
that work decreases. This is not direct variation.
b) C = 𝜋𝑑, so the circumference of a circle is directly
proportional to its diameter. This shows direct
variation.
Example 2
The commission (C) of a salesman varies directly to
the amount of his sales (S). How will his commission
change when his sales are doubled?

Solution:
C = k(S)
C= k(2S)
C = 2kS
Therefore, the commission is also doubled.
Example 3
The area (A) of the umbrella varies directly to the
square of its radius (r). If the radius of the umbrella is
tripled, how is the area of the umbrella changed?
Answer:
A = k𝑟2
A = k(3𝑟)2
A = 9k𝑟2
Hence, the area of the umbrella will be 9 times its
original area.
Example 3
If y varies directly as x, how is y change if x is
increased by 15%.

Answer :
If y varies directly to x, then what happens to x also
happens to y.
Therefore, y also increased by 15 %
Inverse Variation or Inverse Proportion

•  
Inverse variation involves a relation of two
quantities, x and y, where in, as x increases y
decreases, or when y increases x decreases and that
their product remains constant. So, if “y varies
inversely as x” or “y is inversely proportional to x”,
then the equation will be, , or k =xy where k is the
constant of variation or constant of relationship.
Example 1
At constant temperature, the Volume (V) of a gas
varies inversely to the Pressure (P). What happens to
the volume when the pressure increases?

Answer:
Since the Volume varies inversely with the
pressure, then the Volume decreases as the pressure
increases.
Example 2
The number of hours (t) required to do a certain job
varies inversely to the number of men (n) working. If
additional workers were hired, how will the number of
hours to finish the job changed?

Answer:
Since the relationship between the number of
men and number of hours is inverse, the number of
hours to finish the job will decrease.
Example 3
The length(l) of a violin string varies inversely to the
frequency (f) of its vibrations. A violin string 14 inches
long vibrates at a frequency of 450 cycles per second. If
the length of the string is reduced, what will happen to
the frequency of its vibrations?

Answer:
The frequency of its vibration will increase.
Joint Variation

•  
Joint variation is a type of variation in which one
variable varies directly to the product of two or more
variables. That is, if y varies jointly as x and z then in
mathematical symbols y = kxz or = k
Example 1
•  

Determine if the given illustrates joint variation or not.


a) Amount of interest; I = Prt
b) Volume of a box; V = lwh
c) Acceleration of a car ;
Answer

a) The amount of interest varies directly to two


variables, P (Principal) and t(time). The constant is r
(rate of interest) so it is joint variation.
b) The Volume of a box varies directly to three variables
(length, width, and height) so it is joint variation.
c) The acceleration (A) of a car varies directly to its
speed (S) and inversely to the time (t). It is not a joint
variation because two types of variation were used.
Example 2
The volume (V) of a circular cylinder varies jointly to
the square of the radius (r) of the base and its height
(h) with 𝜋 𝑎𝑠 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑣𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛.. I f the radius is
fixed and h is doubled, how is V affected?
Solution:
V = 𝜋𝑟2ℎ
V = 𝜋𝑟2(2ℎ)
V = 2𝜋𝑟2ℎ
Therefore, the volume is also doubled.
Combined Variation
•  
When direct and inverse variations happen at the same
time, it is called the combined variation. Combined
variation describes a relationship where a variable depends
on two or more other variables, varies directly with some of
them and inversely with others.

Combined Variation is a combination of direct and


inverse variations. That is, if y varies directly to x and
inversely to z, then in mathematical symbols
or
Example 1
Determine if the relationship is combined variation or
not.
a) The distance (d) traveled by a car to its speed (r) and
time of travel (t).
b) The speed (r) of the car to the distance (d) traveled
and time of travel (t).
c) The time of travel (t) of a car to the distance (d)
traveled and its speed (r).
Example 1
a)
•  
In mathematical symbols, d = rt. The distance varies
directly to the speed and time. It is not combined
variation. It is joint variation.
b) In mathematical symbols, r = . The speed varies
directly to the distance and inversely to the time. It
is combined variation.
c) In mathematical symbols, t = . The time varies
directly to the distance and inversely to the speed. It
is combined variation.
Example 2
•  
If x is directly proportional to y and inversely
proportional to z, what happens to x if z is tripled?

Solution
x=
x=
The value of x becomes 1/3 of the original value or
it decreases by 67%.
Seatwork:
Determine whether the phrases illustrates direct, inverse, joint, or
combined variation.
1. The diameter of a circle to its circumference.
2. The area of a rectangle to its length and width
3. The cost of a ball pen to the number of ball pen.
4. The height of a cone to its volume and square of the radius
5. The perimeter of a square to its side.
6. The circumference of a coin to its radius
7. The cost per person renting a private resort to the number of persons
sharing the rent.
8. The volume of a rectangular prism to the area of the base and the
height.
9. The number of days to repair a road to the number of workers.
10.The surface area of a cube ice to its side.

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