Algebraic Equation

GROUP 5
Andini Nurhasanah 1305620020
Farah Fauziah Novianti 1305620021
Sitta Aliya Dj 1305620027
 What is ALGEBRA ?
• Algebra is a branch of mathematics dealing with symbols and the
rules for manipulating those symbols. In elementary algebra, those
symbols (today written as Latin and Greek letters) represent
quantities without fixed values, known as variables.
• Just as sentences describe relationships between specific words, in
algebra, equations describe relationships between variables.
Parts of an Expression

Algebraic expressions are combinations

of variables , numbers, and at least one
arithmetic operation.
For example, 2x+4y−9 is an algebraic
expression
 o Factor: Something
o Term: which is multiplied by o Consta
 Each something else. A nt: A
expression factor can be a number th
is made up at
of terms. A number, variable, cannot cha
n
value. In th ge its
te
be a signed rm can term, or a longer
number, a expression. For e
variable, or a c expression
multiplie b onstant example, the
d ya
variable or expression   2x+4y−9
variables. 7x(y+3)
has three factors:   the term 9
 is a
7 , x , and (y+3) constant.
 : The o Like
o Coefficient ctor of a Ter
that con ms: Terms
fa
numerical n t
variable ain the same
multiplic icatio s
e ss io n that 6m or 3 such as 2m,
r x
ex p
n s a v a ri a b le. an expr y and 7xy . If
contai e
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he
Consider t n the a
constan n one
i
expression ,  are also t terms, those
ve
figure abo like term
s.
9 
2x+4y−
te rm ,  
 22x  , the
In the first is 2 : iin n t he
coeffici en t is
n d te rm ,
,   4y , the
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coefficient
 Writing Basic Expressions With
Variables
Why do we have math if we can describe things in words?
Algebraic expressions are useful because they represent the value of an expression for all
of the values a variable can take on.
o Sometimes in math, we describe an o Similarly, when we describe an expression in
expression with a phrase. For example, the words that includes a variable, we're describing
phrase an algebraic expression, an expression with a
"two more than five" variable. For example,
can be written as the expression "three more than x"
can be written as the algebraic expression
5+2 x+ 3
 But why? Why use math if we can describe things in
words?

One of the many reasons is that math is more precise and easier to work
with than words are. This is a question you should keep thinking about as
we dig deeper into algebra.
 Different words for addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division

Here is a table that summarizes common words for each operation:

Example algebraic
Operation Words
expression
Addition
Plus, sum, more than,
x+3 em conditions
Problle
increased by, greater than
n b e s o l ved w it h
ca
Subtracted, minus, algebraic equatio ions
Subtraction difference, less than, p–6
decreased by, smaller than When the variable
os e n ot exc e ed t he
Multiplication
Times, product, multiplied
8k
d
by, of equation
Divided, quotient, ratio,
Division
halve a÷9
 How to solve

Algebraic equation, statement of the equality of two or more expressions

formulated by applying to a set of variables the algebraic operations, namely,
addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, raising to a power, and extraction of a
root.
The solution of an algebraic equation is the process of finding a number or set of
numbers that, if substituted for the variables in the equation, reduce it to an
identity. Such a number is called a root of the equation.
 Problems Example
The Gomez family spends 30% of its income for food. If the family
spent $6,000 for food last year, what was the family income for last
year?
•Step 1: Find and underline or circle what the question is asking.
What was the family income for last year?
•Step 2: Focus on and pull out important information.
30% of income for food
$6,000 spent for food last year
•Step 3: Set up the work that is needed.
30% of income = 6,000
30% x = 6,000
•Step 4: Do the necessary work or computation carefully.
   

•Step 5: Put your answer into a sentence to make sure that you answered the question being
asked.
The Gomez family income for last year was $20,000.
•Step 6: Check to make sure that your answer is reasonable.
Since 30% of the family income is spent for food, and 30% of $20,000 is $6,000, then the answer is
reasonable.
 Four principles to apply when solving an
equation:
1. Work towards the variable» Our  2. Use the opposite mathematical
aim is to get the variable by itself on one operation» thus to remove a constant or
side of the equation. (So for the above we coefficient, we do the opposite on both sides:
would aim to get the 𝑥 by itself on one Opposite of
side)
Opposite of
(𝒙 = )
Opposite of
3. Maintain balance» “What we do to one
side, we must do to the other side of the equation.” 4. Check» Substitute the value back into the
Example : If the right side is divided by five then the equation to see if the solution is correct.
left side is divided by five too
 ADDITION EXAMPLE:
X + (-5) = 8
Step 1: The constant, (−5), is the first target. So we need to do the opposite of plus
(−5) which is to subtract (−5 ) from the LHS and the RHS:
𝑥+ (−5) − (−𝟓) = 8 − (−5)
𝑥=8+5
𝑥 = 13 C h ec k
Check 13 + (−5) = 8 13 + (−
5) = 8
13 − 5 = 8 13 − 5
=8
 SUBTRACTION EXAMPLE:
𝑥− 6 = (−4)
Step 1: The constant, (−6) is the target. The opposite of subtract 6 is to add 6.
𝑥 − 6 + 6 = (−4) + 6
𝑥 = (−4) + 6
𝑥=2

Check
2 − 6 = (−
4)
Solving Equations with Fractions
•Let’s
  solve for 𝑥: (𝑥 + 5) = 9
Step 1: Eliminate the fraction   
multiply everything by 5
C he ck

Step 2: Target the variable by dividing by 3:

Solving Equations with Variables on Both Sides
Example :

 
, find the
 

• 
Check
 Exercise
Find the x
  

1.
Source
• https://www.livescience.com/50258-algebra.html
• https://www.britannica.com/science/algebraic-equation
• https://www.khanacademy.org/math/algebra-basics/alg-basics-algebraic-
expressions
• https://www.cliffsnotes.com/study-guides/basic-math/basic-math-and-pre-
algebra/variables-algebraic-expressions-and-simple-equations/variables-and-
algebraic-expressions
• https://www.varsitytutors.com/hotmath/hotmath_help/topics/parts-of-an-
expression
• http://www.purplemath.com/modules/solvelin.htm