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Equipments

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Ruth Mae Malenab Cudal
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32 views16 pages

Equipments

Uploaded by

Ruth Mae Malenab Cudal
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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QUESTIONED

DOCUMENT
QUESTION Document
examination
EXAMINATION
FOSC 4
FOSC 4
METHODS OF
FORGERY or
ALTERATIONS
ERASURE
Chemical Erasure- The writing is
effaced using liquid ink eradicator.

Mechanical or Abrasive Erasure- The


writing is effaced by rubbing by a
rubber eraser or by scratching out
with knife or other sharp instrument
ADDITION AND SUBSTITUTION
The addition or substitution of the original
characteristics (numbers, letters, figures) present
in a genuine document.
INTERLINEATION/ INTERCALATION
A process of inserting between the letters of
within the lines or pages of the document.
SUPERIMPOSITION
A process of superimposing the writings to
covers up the original characters of the genuine
document.
OBLITERATION
A process to remove or destroy all traces of or
to blot out or render undecipherable (writing, marks,
etc.).

CUT AND PASTE


A process of cutting or providing closely similar
characters with that in the genuine document and
paste on the portion intended for alteration.
MAGNIFYING GLASS
Also known as hand-
lens.

- It has a magnifying
power of two times
the original only.
SHADOWGRAPH
A pictorial image
formed by casting a
shadow, usually of
the hands, upon a
rightful surface or
screen.
MICRO AND
MACRO STAND
LAMP
Ensures that the
camera lens remains in
the center part of the
bottom plate during
the height adjustment.
TRANSMITTED
LIGHT
A device where
light comes from
beneath or behind
glass on document
is placed.
OBLIQUE LIGHT
EXAMINATION
Decipherment of faded
writing, determination
o outlines in traced
forgery, embossed
impress etc. are
subjected to this type
of examination.
VIDEO SPECTRAL COMPARATOR (VSC)
Used in the examination of masked or
obliterate text, watermarks, visible
fluorescence, paper fluorescence and oblique
illumination of indented writing and embossing.
VIDEO SPECTRAL COMPARATOR (VSC)
ULTRA-VIOLET LAMP
- provides radiation or illumination in
order to visibly notice invisible features in a
document like those of paper money.
INFRARED LIGHT
VIEWER
- primarily
used to decipher
writings in a
charred
document.
ELECTROSTATIC DETECTION
APPARATUS (ESDA)
- A device that can detect
indention/ indented writings that can
record transparencies of any indention.
Thank you.

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