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6 - Respiration in Organisms

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21 views17 pages

6 - Respiration in Organisms

Uploaded by

shreeyanbiswal74
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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RESPIRATION IN ORGANISMS

SWASTIRANJAN SAHOO
TGT SCIENCE
WHY DO WE RESPIRE ?

• All the living organisms are made up of small microscopic units called
the cells.
• These cells have different functions to perform in these organisms
such as digestion, respiration, transportation and excretion.
• The cells can perform this function only if they get the energy to do
so.
• Hence, all living organisms need food which gives them the required
energy.
• The energy present in the food gets released when the organisms
respire or breathe.
CELLULAR RESPIRATION
TYPES OF RESPIRATION

Respiration

Aerobic respiration Anaerobic respiration

Alcoholic Lactic acid


fermentation fermentation
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN AEROBIC AND ANAEROBIC
RESPIRATION
WHY DO MUSCLE CRAMPS ARISE AFTER A HEAVY EXERCISE ?

• The cramps occur when muscle


cells respire anaerobically.
• The partial breakdown of glucose
produces lactic acid.
• The accumulation of lactic acid in
muscles causes muscle cramps.
HOW DO WE BREATHE ?

• We get oxygen by breathing in air and


we remove carbon dioxide from the
body by breathing out.
• Breathing can be defined as a process
in which organisms, take in the oxygen-
rich air present in the surroundings and
release out air that contains high
amount of carbon dioxide in it.
INHALATION AND EXHALATION

• Inhalation is the process of


taking the air that contains
oxygen inside the body.
• Exhalation is a process of
releasing out air that contains
carbon dioxide out of the body.
Inhalation and exhalation take
place alternatively in the
breathing process.
BREATHING RATE
• Breathing rate can be defined as the number of times a
person breathes in a minute.
OUR RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
• Humans breathe in oxygen rich air and breathe out carbon dioxide
rich air with the of nose, nasal cavity, larynx, trachea, bronchi and
lungs. Lungs are protected by ribcage. Just below the lungs
diaphragm is there.
PROCESS OF BREATHING
RESPIRATION IN FISHES
• Breathing underwater
• Animals that live underwater have
special respiratory organs called
gills.
• They are a comb-like structure
present on the skin of these animals.
• Gills allow the exchange of gases
between animals and the water
easily.
RESPIRATION IN INSECTS
• Breathing in cockroach:
• Many insects like Cockroaches have small
openings called spiracles present on the sides of
the bodies.
• Also, they have an air tube-like structure called
the trachea that allows the exchange of gases in
these insects.
• The air enters the body through the spiracles and
diffuses in the cells via the trachea.
• Similarly, the air from the cells enters the trachea
and moves out of the body through spiracles.
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM IN EARTHWORM
• Earthworms have a soft, slippery and moist
skin.
• Hence the gases can easily pass in and out
of the earthworm through its moist and
slimy skin.
• Similarly, frogs also have a slippery and
moist skin that can help in breathing.
• However, frogs contain lungs too.
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM IN PLANTS
• Plants also respire. They take in the carbon dioxide present
in the atmosphere and use it in the photosynthesis, they
release out oxygen in the environment.
• All the parts of the plants can independently respire that is
they can take in the carbon dioxide and release oxygen on
their own.
• The leaves of the plants have stomata. The allow gases
exchange.
• The woody stems of the plants also respire with the help of
Lenticels.
• The roots of the plants have root hairs. Hence they can
absorb the air present in the soil.
THANK
YOU

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